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The Keldysh bomber was a Soviet design for a rocket-powered sub-orbital bomber spaceplane, which drew heavily upon work carried out by Eugen Sänger and Irene Bredt for the German Silbervogel project.


Development


During the closing weeks of World War II, the German work at Peenemünde was investigated by Soviet intelligence, amongst whom was rocket motor constructor Alexey Isayev, who found a copy of Sänger and Bredt's report.[1] A translation was soon circulating among Soviet rocket designers, and a condensed version made its way to Stalin himself.[2]

In November 1946 the NII-1 NKAP research institute was formed with mathematician Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh as its head to investigate and develop the German Sänger–Bredt design. In 1947, studies indicated that the high fuel consumption of Sänger's rocket-based design rendered the concept impracticable in the short term. Using engines considered to be available in a reasonable timespan, 95% of the vehicle's initial mass would have to be propellant. However, use of ramjets during the acceleration phase would give the craft a more reasonable 22% dead weight and still achieve the 5 km/s velocity required for a 12000 km intercontinental range.

It was estimated that it would take until the mid-1950s before a draft project of a feasible design could be prepared, and by that time the design had been made obsolete by more advanced designs. However, the work carried out would lead to the EKR, MKR, Buran, and Burya ramjet cruise missiles.[3]


Proposed mission profile



Specifications



General characteristics



Launch sled (stage 0)



Keldysh bomber (stage 1)



See also



References


  1. Sänger, Eugen; Irene Sänger-Bredt (August 1944). "A Rocket Drive For Long Range Bombers" (PDF). Astronautix.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 14, 2006. Retrieved 2008-01-17.
  2. Westman, Juhani (2006). "Global Bounce". Archived from the original on 2007-10-09. Retrieved 2008-01-17.
  3. Wade, Mark. "Keldysh Bomber". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2011-08-07. Retrieved 2008-01-17.



На других языках


- [en] Keldysh bomber

[fr] Bombardier Keldysh

Le bombardier Keldysh était un projet soviétique de bombardier à moteur-fusée suborbital, développé à partir d'un prototype allemand identique : Silbervogel.



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