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Siemens-Halske's Sh.III was an 11-cylinder, air-cooled rotary engine developed in Germany during World War I, similar to the Sh.I.

Sh.III
A Siemens-Halske Sh.III at Museo Storico dei Motori e dei Meccanismi, Palermo
Type	Rotary engine
Manufacturer	Siemens-Halske

Design

This section does not cite any sources. (September 2022)

The Sh.III shared with its predecessor the unusual design feature of having its internal workings (crankshaft, connecting-rods, etc.) rotating in a clockwise direction as seen from "nose-on", within the engine, and the crankcase and propeller (still fastened to the crankcase, as is usual for rotary engines) rotating in the "accepted" anti-clockwise direction. Power was rated at 120 kW (160 hp).

The advantages of the engine were increased propeller efficiency through the reduction gearing effect of having the engine effectively running at 1,800 rpm for only 900 rpm of the airscrew, and excellent high-altitude performance due to the high compression ratio achieved. A bonus was the counter-rotating masses tended to cancel out the gyroscopic forces of the engine. This was achieved by using bevel-gears housed in the rear of the crankcase. This "contra-rotary" action also caused the point of ignition in the rotary action of the cylinders to itself slowly rotate in the direction of the crankshaft's rotation as the engine ran, as shown in the animation. For a normal rotary engine that had its crankshaft fastened to the airframe, the point of ignition always stayed in the same place in the cylinders' rotative action as they spun with the crankcase.

Production problems at the Siemens works, and poor quality lubricating oil, gave the Sh.III engines a life expectancy of only seven to ten hours before pistons began to seize. The license-built Rhemag versions of the Sh.III did not have such problems, so the Siemens-made engines were gradually withdrawn from service.

Aircraft

• Albatros H.1
• Albatros D.XI
• Pfalz D.VII
• Pfalz D.VIII
• LFG Roland D.IX
• LFG Roland D.XVI
• Siemens-Schuckert D.II
• Siemens-Schuckert D.III
• Siemens-Schuckert D.IV
• Siemens-Schuckert D.VI

Specifications

Data from Airplane Engine Encyclopedia[1]

General characteristics

• Type: 11-cylinder rotary engine
• Bore: 124 mm (4.9 in)
• Stroke: 140 mm (5.5 in)
• Displacement: 18.6 l (1,140 cu in)
• Dry weight: 195 kg (430 lb)

Components

• Cooling system: Air-cooled

Performance

• Power output: 120 kW (160 hp) [up to a maximum of 180 kW (240 hp)][2]
• Power-to-weight ratio: 0.616 kW/kg (0.375 hp/lb)

See also

• List of aircraft engines

References

Further reading

• Gray, Peter; Thetford, Owen (1970). German Aircraft of the First World War (2nd ed.). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-00103-6.

External links

• Idflieg.com's Siemens Sh.III engine photos, by Andi Szekeres
• Siemens Sh.III displayed at Museo Storico dei Motori e dei Meccanismi, University of Palermo (in Italian)
• Front view and rear view CAD-based animations of Sh.III internal engine components
• YouTube 30 May 2020 video of Mikael Carlson's authentic Pfalz D VIII biplane reproduction on its maiden flight, with restored and flightworthy Sh III engine

На других языках

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[de] Siemens & Halske Sh.III

Der Sh.III des deutschen Herstellers Siemens & Halske war ein luftgekühlter Umlaufmotor mit 11 Zylindern, der im Ersten Weltkrieg entwickelt wurde.

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- [en] Siemens-Halske Sh.III

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[fr] Siemens & Halske Sh.III

Le Siemens & Halske Sh.III était un moteur rotatif pour avion, refroidi par air, à 11 cylindres, développé en Allemagne pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Il était de conception similaire à son prédécesseur le Sh.I.

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[it] Siemens-Halske Sh.III

Il Siemens-Halske Sh.III era un motore aeronautico rotativo a 11 cilindri raffreddato ad aria prodotto dall'azienda tedesco imperiale Siemens-Schuckertwerke negli anni dieci del XX secolo. Sviluppato sull'esperienza del precedente Sh.I, l'Sh.III ne era una versione ingrandita e capace di esprimere una potenza superiore e venne utilizzato per motorizzare diversi velivoli di produzione tedesca utilizzati durante la prima guerra mondiale. Fu inoltre realizzata una versione surcompressa dello stesso denominata Sh.IIIa

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