avia.wikisort.org - Weapon

The Anza (عنزہ Anza) is a series of shoulder-fired, man-portable surface-to-air missiles produced by Pakistan. Guided by an infrared homing seeker, the Anza is used for short range air defence.[7][8]

Anza
Anza Mk-II
Type	Man-portable air-defence system (MANPADS)
Place of origin	Pakistan
Service history
In service	1989–present
Used by	See Operators
Wars	Kargil War
Production history
Manufacturer	GIDS[1] Formerly:KRL[2][3] [3][4]
Produced	1988[5]
Variants	Anza Mk-I Anza Mk-II Anza Mk-III
Specifications (Anza Mk-II)
Mass	16.5 kg [2]
Length	1.44 m
Diameter	7.2 cm
Warhead	1.42 kg shaped charge [2]
Engine	Rocket motor
Propellant	Solid propellant
Operational range	500–6000 m
Flight altitude	30–4000 m
Maximum speed	600+ m/s[6]
Guidance system	Infrared homing[2]
Launch platform	Human, vehicle.

The Anza is produced by Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL), being one of the facility's main conventional weapons projects. Development was originally undertaken to eliminate dependence on importing expensive foreign systems.[9] Various versions of the Anza are currently in service with the Pakistan Army,[10] with the Mk-III version being the most recent.[11] The Anza is also offered for export, Malaysia being its only known export customer after receiving 100 Anza Mk-I in 2002 and, later, a further 500 Anza Mk-II systems.[12]

Development and design

Some sources state that the Anza Mk-II was co-developed in a joint project by Pakistan and China.[13]

The Anza Mk-I entered service with the Pakistan Army in January 1990,[11][14][15] followed by the Anza Mk-II in September 1994.[15] Serial production of Anza Mk-III for the Pakistan Army was announced in 2006.

In recent years, Pakistan has advertised the Anza series for export,[16] displaying it at the International Defense Exhibition (IDEX) 2007 event in the United Arab Emirates[17] and at the IDEAS 2008 defence exhibition in Pakistan.[18][19]

Training aids

The Mk-II is known to have the ATS-II Training Simulator included, which consists of a set of four Mk-II training missiles, four firing units, simulated ground batteries, cable interconnectors, PC-based control, monitoring and scoring unit with a target simulator made up of an infrared electric bulb moving along an overhead wire.[20]

The High Speed Aerial Target Drone, or HISAT-DK, is a high speed, low maintenance target drone that can be used in training operators to use the Anza.[21] It is manned by a four-man crew using Optical Tracking Pod devices.[21] The drones can be used for MANPAD training, though they are also used for other purposes, such as artillery fire support training.[21]

Variants

• Anza Mk-I - The first MANPADS produced by Pakistan for use by the Pakistan Army. Development is based on the Chinese HN-5B MANPADS.[22][23] A British source the Anza is a copy of the SA-7 Grail.[24] Approximately 1000 Anza Mk-I were produced between 1989 and 1998.[5]

• Anza Mk-II - A third generation MANPADS,[25] believed to be based on the Chinese QW-1 MANPADS.[26][27] Uses a dual-band, cross-scan infrared homing seeker to counter decoy flares.[28] Also believed to use American missile technology.[29] Approximately 2450 Anza Mk-II were produced between 1994 and 2020.[30]
• Anza Mk-III - Believed to be based on the Chinese QW-2 MANPADS,[31] modifications made to meet Pakistan Army requirements include increased range up to 5 km, improved sensors and a new firing unit similar to the Russian 9K38 Igla MANPADS.[32][33]^{[unreliable source?]} All-aspect attack capability and improved ECCM capability.[11] It also has a vehicle-mounted launcher variant.

Operators

 Pakistan

• Pakistan Army- Large numbers of Mk.I, Mk.II and Mk.III are in service.[10]

 Malaysia

• Malaysian Army - 100 Anza Mk-I systems, received in 2002.[34] 500 Anza MK.II systems delivered as part of a RM446 million arms deal with Pakistan,[35] used to arm the 10th Paratrooper Brigade.[36]

Operational history

On 27 May 1999, the Anza Mk-II was used by the Pakistan Army's Air Defence Forces to shoot down an Indian Mig-21 and Mi-17 during the Kargil conflict.[14]

In December 2002, The Indian media sources claimed that their soldiers found an Anza Mk-I in a militant hideout near the Line of Control in Kupwara, Kashmir.[37] An Anza system had previously been found at a militant hideout by Indian Army soldiers in 2001.[38][39][40] In 2002, Indian media sources again claimed that an Anza MANPAD was fired at an Indian Air Force Antonov An-32 over the Line of Control; the plane was able to land safely.[41]

In 2004, Saudi Assistant Minister for Defense Prince Khaled ibn Sultan of Saudi Arabia and Defense Minister Rao Sikandar Iqbal of Pakistan had been in talks for joint production of the Anza.[42]

In 2008, the Pakistan Army conducted exercises with the Anza Mk-II [43] in a semi-desert area near Muzaffargarh[44] in response to covert attacks on targets in north-west Pakistan by American unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), also known as drones.[45] In November 2008, the chief of the Pakistan Air Force told reporters that his forces are fully capable of shooting down the American drones but it was the responsibility of the government to decide whether the drone attacks were stopped through diplomacy or military engagement.[46] In the 2010 Azm-e-Nau 3 exercises, the air defence of Pakistan Army exhibited accurate targeting of enemy's aircraft while in its attacking position, with a pinpoint precision through shoulder operated system of Anza Missiles[47]

Specifications

	Anza Mk-I [14]	Anza Mk-II [15]	Anza Mk-III
Length (missile and booster)	1.44 m	1.447 m	1.59 m
Weight (launcher and missile)	15 kg	16.5 kg	18 kg
Missile weight	9.8 kg	10.68 kg	11.32 kg
Propulsion	Solid fuel rocket motor (solid fuel booster rocket on launch)
Guidance	Uncooled PbS passive infrared homing seeker	Cooled InSb passive infrared homing seeker	Dual-band infrared homing seeker
Warhead	HE fragmentation (containing 0.37 kg HE) with contact and graze fusing	HE fragmentation (containing 0.55 kg HE) with contact and graze fusing	HE fragmentation (containing 1.42 kg HE) with contact and graze fusing
Average cruise speed	500 m/s	600 m/s	>600 m/s
Max maneuvering	6 g	16 g
Self destruction time	14 to 17 s	14 to 18 s
Slant range	1,200 m to 4,200 m	500 m to 5,000 m	6,000 m
Altitude	50 m to 2300 m	30 m to 4,000 m	10 m to 3,500 m
Weapon reaction time	5 s	3.5 s	3.5 s
Ready from the march	10 s	10 s	10 s
Battery life	40 s	50 s	50 s

Comparable systems

• FIM-92 Stinger
• Grom (missile)
• Mistral (missile)
• Starstreak missile
• 9K38 Igla
• RBS 70
• QW-3
• KP-SAM Shingung

References

External links

• Anza MKI - Pakistan

На других языках

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- [en] Anza (missile)

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[fr] Anza (missile)

L'Anza (en français : « lance »), est le nom d'une série de missiles sol-air portatifs à très courte portée produits par le Pakistan. Guidé par infrarouges, l'Anza est utilisé pour la défense anti-aérienne à basse altitude[6],[7].

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