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The Gromov Flight Research Institute or GFRI for short (Russian: Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова, Russian: ЛИИ) is an important Russian State Research Centre which operates an aircraft test base located in Zhukovsky, 40 km south-east of Moscow. The airfield is also known as Ramenskoye air base.

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Gromov Flight Research Institute

Native name	Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова
Type	joint-stock company
Industry	aerospace
Founded	1941; 81 years ago (1941)
Headquarters	Zhukovsky , Russia
Area served	Europe and Asia
Owner	Russian Federation
Parent	United Aircraft Corporation[1]
Website	www.lii.ru (in Russian)

The airfield was used as the backup landing site for the Shuttle Buran test program and also as a test base for a Buran's aerodynamic prototype BTS-002.

GFRI periodically hosts the MAKS International Air Show (Aviasalon).

At present, GFRI also hosts Zhukovsky International Airport.

History

Foundation

The Flight Research Institute was founded on March 8, 1941, in accordance with the decree of Sovnarkom and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Gromov, a test pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union, became its first chief. From the very beginning the institute participated in development and testing of aircraft and airborne systems, conducted flight research in order to pave the way to further scientific activities.

The first years of the institute's existence fell on the war times. During the war experts of the institute kept developing recommendations to eliminate defects in flight qualities and war-fighting capabilities of the aircraft, flight testing of the aircraft prototypes, studied the foreign aircraft and equipment, both purchased and taken as trophies.

Cold War

Zhukovsky airfield was the Soviet Union's equivalent to the US Edwards AFB and as such many types of aircraft underwent evaluation.[2]

Here some western aircraft were tested or analyzed:^{[citation needed]}

• Wrecks from F-111s shot down over North Vietnam were sent to Zhukovskiy to be analyzed.
• Pieces of US planes shot down in North Vietnam and their captured electronic countermeasures equipment were taken for evaluation (F-111, A-6, A-7, B-52, F-4, F105, etc.).
• Captured VNAF helicopters are believed to have been tested (UH-1H, CH-47).

Perestroika times

Due to financial problems in the 1990s (perestroika times), tourist fighter flights in former secret jets became available, mainly for wealthy western tourists. The security check was comparable to the Russian visa. On offer for flights was the Aero L-39 Albatros jet trainer, the Soviet-built Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23, MiG-25 for stratosphere "Edge of Space"-flights, the MiG-29 Fulcrum and even the Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker.[3] From June 2006, flights stopped on Zhukovsky. Today, flights in the Aero L-39 Albatros are available with the famous Aerobatic Team Wjasma Rus[4] and MiG-29 Fulcrum flights are available in Nizhniy Novgorod.[5]

The airline was established by the institute in 1995 as a wholly owned commercial subsidiary and named Gromov Air (later Moskovia Airlines).

Current research and development activities

• Aerospace flight research and testing in low and high speed aerodynamics, flight dynamics, propulsion and avionics technologies (GLL-8 (Gll-VK) Igla).[6][7][8]
• Testing and certification services for prototype aircraft and on-board equipment.[7]
• Research in aircraft flight safety, reliability, maintainability and other operating capabilities.[9]
• Fedotov Test Pilot School for training test pilots, navigators, and on-board test engineers.[10]
• Development, production and operation of a variety of flying testbeds including those based on the Tu-154, Su-30, Il-76, Il-103 aeroplanes, Mi-8 helicopters, etc.[7][8]
• Development and production of flight testing instrumentation (low and high frequency data collection solid state storage systems, vibration parameters measuring devices, instant temperature sensors, miniaturized flat piezoresistance beat and pressure distribution sensors, hot-wire airflow velocity vector transducers and aerodynamic friction stress measurement products, etc.).[6]

Testbed aeroplanes

• 
  Tupolev Tu-154B/M-based testbed (2010)
• 
  Ilyushin Il-76LL testbed with PD-14 engine prototype (2015)
• 
  Ilyushin Il-76LL SKIP testbed (1999)
• 
  Ilyushin Il-103 testbed (2011)

Notable employees

Heads of the institute

• Mikhail Gromov (March – August 1941)
• Alexandr Chesalov [ru] (1941–1942 and 1943–1947)
• Vasily Molokov (1942–1943)
• Ivan Petrov [ru] (1947–1951)
• Alexandr Kobzarev (1951–1954)
• Nickolay Stroev [ru] (1954–1966)
• Victor Utkin [ru] (1966–1981)
• Arseny Mironov (1981–1985)
• Konstantin Vasilchenko [ru] (1985–1995)
• Felix Zolotariev (1995–1998)[11]
• Viacheslav Bakaev (1998–2004)[11]
• Yury Klishin (2005–2006)[11]
• Vadim Shalygin (2006–2007)[11]
• Evgeny Gorbunov (2007–2009)[12]
• Pavel Vlasov (2010–2017)
• Evgeny Pushkarsky [ru] (since 2017)

Scientists, test pilots, navigators, and engineers

• Sergei Anokhin
• Yuri Garnaev
• Anatoly Kvochur
• Viktor Korostiev
• Anatoly Levchenko
• Leonid Lobas
• Guy Severin
• Rimantas Stankevičius
• Amet-khan Sultan
• Ural Sultanov
• Max Taitz
• Igor Volk

See also

• Armstrong Flight Research Center – the USA counterpart of the Gromov Flight Research Institute
• List of aerospace flight test centres

References

External links

• "General info on the old and frozen GFRI site". Gromov Flight Research Institute. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
• "Aviasalon (MAKS) Homepage". JSC Aviasalon. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
• GFRI airfield at Google Maps
• Historical video to celebrate 80 years of Gromov Flight Research Institute (in Russian)

На других языках

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- [en] Gromov Flight Research Institute

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[ru] Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова

Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова (ЛИИ) — государственный научный центр Российской Федерации в области лётных исследований и испытаний экспериментальных летательных аппаратов, их силовых установок и бортового оборудования, методов обеспечения безопасности, надёжности и эксплуатационной технологичности, в том числе с использованием летающих лабораторий[1]. Включает в себя аэродром «Раменское», научный центр и опытное производство, расположенные в Жуковском Московской области. Основная взлётно-посадочная полоса (ВПП-4) является самой длинной в Европе, её длина составляет более 5 км, забетонированная площадь — 2,5 млн м²[2]. ВПП ЛИИ была одним из вариантов места посадки космического корабля «Буран», а также использовалась для отработки его технологий на аэродинамических моделях, в том числе в натуральную величину. На аэродроме, помимо экспериментальной авиации, базируется международный аэропорт Жуковский.

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