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The General Aircraft Monospar ST-25 was a British 1930s light twin-engined utility aircraft.

Monospar ST-25
Monospar ST-25 Jubilee of Eloy Fernández Navamuel during the Spanish Civil War[1]
Role	Type of aircraft
National origin	United Kingdom
Manufacturer	General Aircraft Ltd, Hanworth
First flight	19 June 1935
Produced	1935–1939
Number built	60
Developed from	General Aircraft Monospar ST-10

Design and development

The Monospar ST-25 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a fabric-covered metal structure. The monospar name came from the use of a single spar in the wing structure, that had been developed by H J Stieger. The cabin was enclosed with five seats. It was based on the GAL Monospar ST-10, with the addition of a folding seat for a fifth passenger, extra side windows, and the addition of a radio receiver. On 19 June 1935, the prototype (G-ADIV) made its first flight at Hanworth Air Park. It was designated Monospar ST-25 Jubilee, to honour the 25th anniversary of the reign of King George V.[2]

Operational history

• The last flying Monospar ST-25 (ZK-AFF), of Piet Van Asch, the owner of New Zealand Aerial Mapping Ltd, was lost in 1986 in a hangar fire.[3]
• The last surviving Monospar ST-25 (OY-DAZ), an ST-25 Ambulance, was fully restored during 1989–1999, and is now displayed in Egeskov Veteranmuseum at Egeskov Castle, Denmark.[4]

Variants

Monospar ST-25 Jubilee

(1935-1936) Single fin and rudder. 30 built.[2]

Monospar ST-25 De Luxe

One Monospar ST-25 Jubilee with a large single fin and two Niagara II engines, later converted to the prototype Monospar ST-25 Universal, with twin fins.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Ambulance

Variants of both Monospar ST-25 Jubilee and ST-25 Universal, with a large door on the starboard side to allow a stretcher to be loaded.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Universal

(1936-1939) Twin fin and twin rudder. 29 built, including the conversion of the De Luxe.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Freighter

A variant of the Monospar ST-25 Universal, with a large freight door but without the passenger seating.[2]

GAL.26

One modified Monospar ST-25 Jubilee, fitted with two Cirrus Minor I engines in 1936.[2]

GAL.41

One experimental aircraft based on the Monospar ST-25 Universal. A new fuselage was built containing a pressurized section with two seats. Its purpose was to test possible pressurization systems for a proposed airliner, the GAL.40. The GAL.41 flew for the first time 11 May 1939, and was grounded in 1941.[5]

Operators

 Australia

• Adelaide Airways

 Canada

• Eastern Canada Air Lines (five ST-25 Freighters, delivered in 1936)

 Denmark

 Estonia

• ES-AXY "Vahur", in the service of the Ministry of Transport and Communications[6]

 France

• Armée de l'Air (2 ST-25 in Indochine (Vietnam) in November 1945)[7]

 Netherlands

• Van Melle's Confectionery Works, Breskens (one Jubilee, PH-IPM "Dubbele Arend", delivered in 1935)[8]

 New Zealand

• New Zealand Aerial Mapping
• Royal New Zealand Air Force

 Romania

• Royal Romanian Air Force

 Spain

• Spanish Republican Air Force

 Spain

• Spanish Air Force

 Turkey

• General Command of Mapping (Turkey)
• Turkish Government (two ST-25 Freighters for parachute training delivered in 1937)

 United Kingdom

• Crilly Airways
• Royal Aircraft Establishment (two Jubilees used for radio development)
• Royal Air Force (impressed civil aircraft used during the second world war)

Specifications (Monospar ST-25 Jubilee)

Data from Jackson, 1973

General characteristics

• Crew: one
• Length: 26 ft 4 in (8.03 m)
• Wingspan: 40 ft 2 in (12.24 m)
• Height: 7 ft 10 in (2.39 m)
• Wing area: 217 sq ft (20.2 m²)
• Empty weight: 1,680 lb (762 kg)
• Gross weight: 2,875 lb (1,304 kg)
• Powerplant: 2 × Pobjoy Niagara II 7-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine, 90 hp (67 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 142 mph (229 km/h, 123 kn)
• Range: 585 mi (941 km, 508 nmi)
• Service ceiling: 16,000 ft (4,900 m)
• Rate of climb: 800 ft/min (4.1 m/s)

See also

• General Aircraft ST-18 Croydon

References

Citations

Bibliography

• Howson, Gerald. 1990. Aircraft of the Spanish Civil War 1936–39. Putnam ISBN 978-0-85177-842-6
• Jackson, A.J. (1973). British Civil Aircraft since 1919, Volume 2. Putnam. pp. 215–220, 519–521 ISBN 0-370-10010-7
• Lumsden, Alec; Heffernan, Terry. Probe Probare, Aeroplane Monthly, February 1984
• Ogden, Bob (2009). Aviation Museums and Collections of Mainland Europe. Air-Britain. ISBN 978-0-85130-418-2
• Stroud, John. Wings of Peace, Aeroplane Monthly, April 1988
• Wright, Matthew (1991). "Mapping by Monospar". Air Enthusiast. No. 44. pp. 6–9. ISSN 0143-5450.

На других языках

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- [en] General Aircraft Monospar ST-25

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[fr] General Aircraft Monospar ST-25

Le General Aircraft Monospar ST-25 était un avion de transport construit au Royaume-Uni par General Aircraft durant l'entre-deux-guerres.

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