avia.wikisort.org - Aeroplane

The Short 330 (also SD3-30) is a small turboprop transport aircraft produced by Short Brothers. It seats up to 30 people and was relatively inexpensive and had low maintenance costs at the time of its introduction in 1976. The 330 was based on the SC.7 Skyvan.

Short 330
A Short 330 of Mississippi Valley Airlines at Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport in 1985
Role	Transport aircraft Type of aircraft
National origin	United Kingdom
Manufacturer	Short Brothers
First flight	22 August 1974
Introduction	1976
Primary users	Air Cargo Carriers Corporate Air
Produced	1974–1992
Number built	330-100: 68[1] 330-200: 73[1][2][3]
Developed from	Short Skyvan
Variants	Short 360 C-23A Sherpa

Development

The Short 330 was developed by Short Brothers of Belfast from Short's earlier Short Skyvan STOL utility transport. The 330 had a longer wingspan and fuselage than the Skyvan, while retaining the Skyvan's square-shaped fuselage cross section, allowing it to carry up to 30 passengers while retaining good short field characteristics.[4] The first prototype of the 330 flew on 22 August 1974.[5]

The Short 330 is unusual in having all of its fuel contained in tanks located directly above the ceiling of the passenger cabin.[5] There are two separate cockpit doors for pilot and co-pilot for access from inside the cabin.[6]

While Short concentrated on producing airliners, the design also spawned two freight versions. The first of these, the Short 330-UTT (standing for Utility Tactical Transport), was a military transport version fitted with a strengthened cabin floor and paratroop doors,[7] which was sold in small numbers, primarily to Thailand, which purchased four. The Short Sherpa was a freighter fitted with a full-width rear cargo door/ramp. This version first flew on 23 December 1982,[7] with the first order, for 18 aircraft, being placed by the United States Air Force (USAF) in March 1983, for the European Distribution System Aircraft (EDSA) role, to fly spare parts between USAF bases within Europe.[7] Subsequently, a further 16 were ordered as C-23B Sherpas.[2][3]

Operational history

The basic Short 330 was a passenger aircraft intended as a short-range regional and commuter airliner, and had been designed to take advantage of US regulations which allowed commuter airlines to use aircraft carrying up to 30 passengers,[8] thereby replacing smaller types such as the Beechcraft Model 99 and the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter. The Short 330 entered service with Time Air (a Canadian airline) in 1976. Despite its somewhat portly looks (one regional airline affectionately dubbed it the "Shed" [9]), it soon proved to be an inexpensive and reliable 30-seat airliner.

The 330 was somewhat slower than most of its pressurised competition, but it built up a reputation as a comfortable, quiet and rugged airliner.[10] The quiet running of the Pratt & Whitney PT6A-45R was largely due to an efficient reduction gearbox.[10] The cabin was the result of a collaboration with Boeing engineers who modelled the interior space, fittings and decor after larger airliners. The use of a sturdy structure complete with the traditional Short braced-wing-and-boxy-fuselage configuration also led to an ease of maintenance and serviceability.[10]

Production ended in 1992 with a total of 141 being built (including freighter and military versions).[11] As of 1998, approximately 35 were still in service. The 330's design was refined and heavily modified, resulting in the Short 360.

Variants

• 330-100 was the original production model with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-45A and -45B turboprop engines.[12]
• 330-200 included minor improvements and more powerful PT6A-45R engine.[12]
• 330-UTT was the Utility Tactical Transport version of the 330-200, with a strengthened cabin floor and inward-opening paratroop doors.
• Sherpa was a freighter version of the 330-200 with a full width rear cargo ramp.
• C-23 Sherpa A, and B variants are military configured Short Sherpas. (NB The C-23B+ is a conversion of 28 Short 360 airframes.)

Operators

Civilian operators

A total of 24 Short 330 aircraft (all variants) were in airline service as of August 2008, with Air Cargo Carriers (13), Corporate Air (3), Arctic Circle Air Service (2), Deraya Air Taxi (2), Mountain Air Cargo (2), Freedom Air (1), and McNeely Charter Service (1).[13] As of July 2011^[update] the number in commercial service had decreased to 15 with the same seven operators; Air Cargo Carriers operating seven and the remaining eight aircraft in service with the other six.[14]

Military operators

 United States

• United States Air Force (C-23)
• United States Army (C-23)
• United States Forest Service (C-23)

Former military operators

 Tanzania

• Tanzanian Air Force (former UAEAF 330-UTT)

 Thailand

• Royal Thai Army
  • Army Aviation Center (Short 330-UTT)
• Royal Thai Police
  • Police Air Division (Short 330-UTT)[15]

 United Arab Emirates

• United Arab Emirates Air Force (Short 330-UTT)[16]

 Venezuela

• Venezuelan Air Force (Short 330)

Accidents and incidents

As of May 2017^[update] the aircraft type has suffered three fatal accidents in civilian use:

• 3 August 1989: an Olympic Aviation Short 330, operating as Olympic Aviation Flight 545, crashed on a hillside in Samos island, Greece, while attempting a landing approach in thick fog. All 3 crew members and 31 passengers were killed.
• 25 May 2000: a Streamline Aviation Short 330 G-SSWN was hit by a departing aircraft (F-GHED, an MD-83 of Air Liberte) when it entered an active runway at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. The wingtip of the departing plane slashed through the Short's cockpit and killed one of its pilots.[17]
• 5 May 2017: a Short 330 cargo plane owned by Air Cargo Carriers and operated as Air Cargo Carriers Flight 1260 crashed after suffering a hard landing at Yeager Airport in Charleston, West Virginia. Early reports stated that the left wing made contact with the surface of the runway, and separated from the fuselage, causing the aircraft to cartwheel off the runway and down a heavily wooded hillside. Both pilots died in the crash.[18][19]

In addition to these three accidents there have been at least 16 hull-loss occurrences, i.e. non-fatal accidents where the plane has been damaged beyond repair.[20]

Aircraft on display

G-BDBS msn SH3001 (production prototype) is on display within the Ulster Aviation Society's Heritage Collection of aircraft at Maze Long Kesh in Lisburn, Northern Ireland.[21]

G-OGIL msn SH3068 is on display at the North East Land, Sea and Air Museum in Sunderland, United Kingdom.[22]

Specifications (330-200)

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft, 1988–1989[23]

General characteristics

• Crew: Three (two pilots plus one cabin crew)
• Length: 17.69 m (58 ft 0 in)
• Wingspan: 22.76 m (74 ft 8 in)
• Height: 4.95 m (16 ft 3 in)
• Wing area: 42.1 m² (453 sq ft)
• Airfoil: NACA 63A series (modified)
• Empty weight: 6,680 kg (14,727 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 10,387 kg (22,899 lb)
• Fuel capacity: 2,546 L (560 imp gal; 673 US gal)
• Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-45-R turboprop, 893 kW (1,198 shp) each
• Propellers: 5-bladed Hartzell constant-speed

Performance

• Maximum speed: 350 km/h (220 mph, 190 kn) (max cruise at 3,000 m (10,000 ft))
• Cruise speed: 300 km/h (180 mph, 160 kn) (econ cruise at 3,000 m (10,000 ft))
• Stall speed: 135 km/h (84 mph, 73 kn) (landing gear and flaps down)
• Range: 1,695 km (1,053 mi, 915 nmi) (no reserves, passenger version, 1,966 kg (4,334 lb) payload)
• Service ceiling: 6,100 m (20,000 ft) [24]
• Rate of climb: 6.0 m/s (1,180 ft/min)

See also

Related development

• Short 360
• Short C-23 Sherpa
• Short SC.7 Skyvan

Related lists

• List of civil aircraft

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

• Short 330 page on Airliners.net
• C-23 page on Global Security.org

На других языках

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[de] Short 330

Die Short 330 (auch Shorts 330) ist ein Kurzstrecken-Passagier- und Frachtflugzeug des ehemaligen britischen Flugzeugherstellers Short Brothers.

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- [en] Short 330

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[fr] Short 330

Le Short 330 est un avion de transport autant civil que militaire construit en Ulster par la société britannique Short Brothers. Il s'agit d'une version améliorée et agrandie[1] de l'avion désigné Skyvan.

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[it] Short 330

Lo Short SD3-30, in seguito ridesignato Short 330, era un bimotore turboelica da trasporto passeggeri ad ala alta sviluppato dall'azienda aeronautica britannica Short Brothers negli anni settanta.

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[ru] Short 330

Short 330 — британский ближнемагистральный турбовинтовой самолёт. Выпускался в пассажирской и грузовых модификациях.

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