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The Sangamon class were a group of four escort aircraft carriers of the United States Navy that served during World War II.

USS Santee (ACV-29) at anchor, 1942
Class overview
NameSangamon-class escort carrier
Builders
  • Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company: Sangamon & Suwannee
  • Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co.: Chenango & Santee
Operators United States Navy
Preceded byBogue-class escort carrier
Succeeded byCasablanca-class escort carrier
Built1942
In commission1942–1947
Completed4
Retired4
Scrapped4
General characteristics
TypeEscort carrier
Displacement
  • 11,400 long tons (11,600 t) (standard load)
  • 24,275 long tons (24,665 t) (full load)
Length
  • 525 ft (160 m) wl
  • 553 ft (169 m) oa
  • 502 ft (153 m) fd
Beam
  • 75 ft (23 m)
  • 114 ft (35 m) extreme width
Draft32 ft (9.8 m)
Installed power13,500 shp (10,067 kW)
Propulsion
  • 4 × Boilers (450 psi (3,100 kPa)
  • 2 × Steam turbines
  • 2 × screws
Speed18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Complement860-1080 officers and men
Armament
  • 2 × Single 127 mm (5.0 in)/51 caliber guns
  • 4 × Twin 40 mm (1.57 in)/56 caliber Bofors 40 guns
  • 12 × Single 20 mm (0.79 in) Oerlikon cannons
  • Additional 20 & 40 mm guns later added
Aircraft carried25-32 Grumman F4F Wildcat & Grumman TBF Avenger or Douglas SBD Dauntless
Aviation facilities
  • 1 × Catapult (One additional catapult added later)
  • 2 × Elevators

Overview


These ships were originally Cimarron-class oilers, launched in 1939 for civilian use. They were acquired and commissioned by the U.S. Navy in 1940–1941. Due to the shortage of MARAD type C3 ships for conversion to desperately needed escort carriers, it was decided in early 1942 to convert four oilers to escort carriers. The conversion took around six months.[1]

These ships were the largest escort carrier conversions built for the U.S. Navy. The late-war Commencement Bay-class escort carriers were about as large, but were built as carriers from keel up. Being built as T3 tanker oilers, the machinery space was located aft, resulting in the placing of the smokestacks on both sides aft of the flight deck. They were excellent examples of the type, roomy and tough with a large flight deck and good stability on even high seas. The Sangamons could operate about 30 aircraft, and were the only escort carriers to operate dive bombers.[2]

The Sangamon class were all renamed for rivers following the contemporary U.S. Navy practice for oilers when taken into naval service and retained those names following their conversions to carriers.


Service history


From late 1942 until the end of the war the ships saw active duty in the Mediterranean, Atlantic and Pacific Campaigns. Three of the class were damaged by Japanese kamikaze attacks at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, but all survived the war. In the Pacific, the carriers often operated together as Carrier Division 22.[3]

The ships were withdrawn from active service shortly after the end of the war. Some of them were kept in reserve and reclassified as helicopter escort carriers (CVHE). All had been sold or scrapped by the early 1960s.[4]


Ships


List of Sangamon-class escort carriers
Ship name Hull no. Builder Laid down Launched Recommissioned as escort carrier Decommissioned Fate
Sangamon CVE-26 Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company,
Kearny, New Jersey		 13 March 1939 4 November 1939 25 August 1942 24 October 1945 Struck 1 November 1945; Scrapped in Osaka, Japan, August 1960
Suwannee CVE-27 3 June 1938 4 March 1939 24 September 1942 8 January 1947 Struck 1 March 1959; Sold for scrap 30 November 1959
Chenango CVE-28 Sun Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company,
Chester, Pennsylvania		 10 July 1938 1 April 1939 19 September 1942 14 August 1946 Struck 1 March 1959; Sold for scrap 12 February 1960
Santee CVE-29 31 May 1938 4 March 1939 24 August 1942 21 October 1946 Struck 1 March 1959; Sold for scrap 5 December 1959

See also



Notes


  1. Terzibaschitsch 1979 p. 31
  2. Terzibaschitsch 1979 p. 67
  3. Paul H. Silverstone: US Warships of World War II. Ian Allan, London 1965 (reprint 1982), p. 55. ISBN 0-7110-0157-X
  4. Paul H. Silverstone: US Warships since 1945. Ian Allan, London 1986, p. 23. ISBN 0-7110-1598-8

References


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sangamon class escort carrier.

На других языках

[de] Sangamon-Klasse

Die Sangamon-Klasse war eine Klasse von vier Geleitflugzeugträgern der amerikanischen Marine, die während des Zweiten Weltkriegs und danach zum Einsatz kamen.
- [en] Sangamon-class escort carrier

[fr] Classe Sangamon

La classe Sangamon est une classe de quatre porte-avions d'escorte construits pour l'United States Navy durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Entrés en service en tant que pétroliers T3 en 1939 et 1940, les quatre navires sont convertis en porte-avions en 1942.

[it] Classe Sangamon

La classe Sangamon fu una classe di portaerei di scorta della United States Navy, composta da quattro unità entrate in servizio nel 1942 e utilizzate durante le operazioni belliche della seconda guerra mondiale.

[ru] Эскортные авианосцы типа «Сэнгамон»

Авианосцы типа «Сэнгамон» — серия из четырёх эскортных авианосцев ВМС США. Представляли собой переоборудованные танкеры. Участвовали во Второй мировой войне. После ввода в состав флота служили в Атлантике, затем были переведены на тихоокеанский ТВД.


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