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The ADC Cirrus is a series of British aero engines manufactured using surplus Renault parts by the Aircraft Disposal Company (ADC) in the 1920s.

Cirrus
ADC Cirrus II at the Science Museum, London
Type	Air-cooled 4-cylinder inline piston engine
National origin	United Kingdom
Manufacturer	Aircraft Disposal Company (ADC)
First run	1925
Major applications	de Havilland DH.60 Moth Avro Avian

The engines were air-cooled, four-cylinder inline types. They were widely used for private and light aircraft.

Design and development

The Cirrus engine originated in Geoffrey de Havilland's 1924 quest for a powerplant suited to a light two-seat sports biplane which would become the de Havilland Moth. No suitable engine existed at the time, with both an appropriate level of power and light weight. The Aircraft Disposal Company, also known as Airdisco and ADC, were producing the low-cost Airdisco V8 which had been developed by Frank Halford from their large stocks of war surplus Renault V8 aero engines. De Havilland realised that half of this engine would make an air-cooled four-cylinder inline engine of just the right size and at low cost. He persuaded Halford to undertake its design and development.

The cylinders, pistons, con-rods and gearing were taken from the Renault, with the valve gear based on the Airdisco, and a new five-bearing crankshaft and cast crankcase were designed.[1] It became the first Cirrus engine, and the first air-cooled four-cylinder inline aero engine to go into quantity production.

The original ADC Cirrus engines were all designed by Halford and built by ADC. The 65 horsepower (48 kW) Cirrus I, passed its 50-hour type rating in 1925. De Havilland launched his product as the Cirrus Moth and it proved a winning formula. The engine was soon adopted for other aircraft. Later versions named the Cirrus II, and Cirrus III were produced, each with slightly greater displacement and power (Cirrus II - 85 hp, Cirrus III - 90 hp).[2][3]

ADC ceased manufacture when it ran out of surplus Renault engines around 1928.

Subsequent manufacture

When ADC ran out of parts, manufacture of the Cirrus III was taken up by Cirrus Aero Engines, also based at Croydon.

The Cirrus III was also adapted and improved by American Cirrus Engines, who manufactured it under license.[4][5]

Variants

Cirrus I

(1925)

Cirrus II

(1926)

Cirrus III

(1929)

Applications

List from Lumsden[6] except where noted. The list includes trial installations where a different engine was principally adopted.

Cirrus

Cirrus I

Cirrus II

Cirrus III

Engines on display

• A preserved ADC Cirrus II is on display at the Science Museum (London).

Specifications (Cirrus I)

Data from Lumsden.[8]

General characteristics

• Type: Inline, air-cooled, upright 4-cylinder piston engine
• Bore: 4.13 in (105 mm)
• Stroke: 5.12 in (130 mm)
• Displacement: 274.36 cu in (4.5 L)
• Length: 45.8 in (116.3 cm)
• Width: 18.26 in (46.4 cm)
• Height: 34.3 in (87.1 cm)
• Dry weight: lb ( kg)

Components

• Valvetrain: 1 inlet and 1 exhaust valve per cylinder
• Fuel system: 1 Claudel carburettor
• Fuel type: 70 octane
• Cooling system: air

Performance

• Power output: 60 hp (45 kW)
• Compression ratio: 4.7:1

See also

Comparable engines

• de Havilland Gipsy
• Hirth HM 60
• Walter Minor

Related lists

• List of aircraft engines

References

Notes

Bibliography

На других языках

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- [en] ADC Cirrus

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[it] ADC Cirrus

Gli ADC Cirrus e Cirrus-Hermes sono motori aeronautici a 4 cilindri in linea raffreddati ad aria sviluppati nel Regno Unito negli anni venti. Citato anche come Blackburn Cirrus, ma la designazione si applica solamente alla nuova gamma di modelli Cirrus prodotti dopo il 1934 dalla Blackburn, come ad esempio il Blackburn Cirrus Major, risulta ancora come dotazione in numerosi velivoli d'epoca che grazie alla sua longevità riesce a conservarli in condizioni di volo.

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[ru] ADC Cirrus

ADC Cirrus или Cirrus-Hermes — британский поршневой авиационный двигатель воздушного охлаждения, разработанный и производившийся с середины 1920-х годов компанией ADC Aircraft. Также упоминаются как Blackburn Cirrus,[1]

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