avia.wikisort.org - Event

Search / Calendar

Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 was a regularly scheduled Allegheny Airlines flight from Boston, Massachusetts, to St. Louis, Missouri, with stops in Baltimore, Maryland, Cincinnati, Ohio, and Indianapolis, Indiana. On September 9, 1969, the aircraft serving the flight, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9, collided in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 light aircraft near Fairland, Indiana. The DC-9 was carrying 78 passengers and 4 crew members, and the Piper was leased to a student pilot on a solo cross-country flight. All 83 occupants of both aircraft were killed in the accident and both aircraft were destroyed.[1]

Allegheny Airlines Flight 853
Accident
DateSeptember 9, 1969
SummaryMid-air collision
SiteMoral Township, Shelby County, Indiana, United States
39°37′02″N 85°55′14″W
Total fatalities83
Total survivors0
First aircraft

N988VJ, the aircraft involved in the collision, seen in December 1968.
TypeMcDonnell Douglas DC-9-31
OperatorAllegheny Airlines
IATA flight No.AL853
ICAO flight No.ALO853
Call signALLEGHENY 853
RegistrationN988VJ
Flight originBoston Logan Airport
1st stopoverFriendship International Airport
2nd stopoverGreater Cincinnati Airport
3rd stopoverIndianapolis International Airport
DestinationSt. Louis International Airport
Occupants82
Passengers78
Crew4
Fatalities82
Survivors0
Second aircraft

A Piper PA-28 similar to the accident aircraft
TypePiper PA-28-140
RegistrationN7374J
Flight originBrookside Airpark, Brookside
DestinationColumbus Municipal Airport Columbus
Occupants1
Crew1
Fatalities1
Survivors0

Flight history


Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 was a regularly scheduled flight departing Boston for Baltimore, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, and St. Louis. Captain James Elrod (47) and First Officer William Heckendorn (26) were at the controls. Elrod was a seasoned veteran with more than 23,800 flight hours.[1] The flight left Cincinnati at 3:15 pm en route to Indianapolis. They were flying under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) clearance to Indianapolis, and Approach Control instructed them to descend to 2,500 feet (760 m) after passing the Shelbyville VOR at 6,000 feet (1,800 m). The flight was then vectored to a 280 degree heading.[1]

Meanwhile, the private Piper PA-28 piloted by Robert Carey (34) was on a southeasterly heading. It was operating under a filed visual flight rules (VFR) flight plan which indicated a cruising altitude of 3,500 feet (1,100 m). It was not in communication with air traffic control and was not equipped with a transponder,[2] and there was no evidence that it appeared as a primary radar target on the radarscope.[1]

The two aircraft converged at a relative speed of 350 mph (300 kn; 560 km/h). The initial point of impact was at the top front right section of the DC-9's vertical stabilizer, just underneath the horizontal stabilizer. On the Piper, the impact point was just forward of the left wing root.[3] The impact severed the entire tail assembly of the DC-9, which inverted and plowed into a soybean field at an approximate speed of 400 mph (350 kn; 640 km/h) about 100 yards (300 ft; 91 m) north of the Shady Acres mobile home park.[3]


Probable cause


The National Transportation Safety Board released the following probable cause in a report adopted July 15, 1970:[1]

The Board determines the probable cause of this accident to be the deficiencies in the collision avoidance capability of the Air Traffic Control system of the FAA in a terminal area wherein there was mixed instrument flight rules (IFR) and visual flight rules (VFR) traffic. The deficiencies included the inadequacy of the see-and-avoid concept under the circumstances of this case; the technical limitations of radar in detecting all aircraft; and the absence of Federal Aviation Regulations which would provide a system of adequate separation of mixed VFR and IFR traffic in terminal areas.


Legacy


The NTSB and FAA realized the inherent limitations of the "see and be seen" principle of air traffic separation in visual meteorological conditions, especially involving aircraft of dissimilar speeds or cloud layers and other restrictions to visibility.[1] Over a period of years, following similar incidents and taking advantage of technological advances, the two agencies drove a number of corrective steps for the aviation industry, including:


See also



References


  1. Aircraft Accident Report, Allegheny Airlines, Inc., DC-9, N988VJ, and a Forth Corporation, Piper PA-28, N7374J, Near Fairland, Indiana, September 9, 1969 (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. July 15, 1970. NTSB-AAR-70-15. Retrieved March 25, 2016.
  2. "The Air: Death in TheSkies". September 19, 1969. Archived from the original on May 5, 2005 via content.time.com.
  3. "Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 memorial". www.allegheny853.net.
  4. "General Aviation and Air Taxi Activity and Avionics (GAATAA) Surveys CY2004". www.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
  5. "FAA Federal Aviation Regulations". airweb.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. June 23, 2001. Archived from the original on June 23, 2001. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  6. NTSB Conflict Alert Safety Recommendation, 2003


 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Transportation Safety Board.


На других языках


- [en] Allegheny Airlines Flight 853

[ru] Столкновение над Индианаполисом

Столкновение над Индианаполисом — крупная авиационная катастрофа, произошедшая во вторник 9 сентября 1969 года в небе над округом Шелби в районе Индианаполиса. McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 авиакомпании Allegheny Airlines с 82 людьми на борту выполнял пассажирский рейс из Цинциннати и снижался для захода на посадку в Индианаполисе, когда в его хвост врезался небольшой частный самолёт Piper PA-28-140 Cherokee, пилотируемый стажёром. От удара у меньшего самолёта разрушилась кабина, а большому снесло хвостовое оперение, после чего обе машины рухнули на землю. В данной авиационной катастрофе погибли 83 человека, что делает её крупнейшей в штате Индиана.



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии