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Piedmont Airlines Flight 22 was a Piedmont Airlines Boeing 727-22 that collided with a twin-engine Cessna 310 on July 19, 1967, over Hendersonville, North Carolina, United States.[2] Both aircraft were destroyed and all passengers and crew were killed,[2] including John T. McNaughton, an advisor to U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. The aircraft were both operating under instrument flight rules and were in radio contact with the Asheville control tower, though on different frequencies. The accident investigation was the first of a major scale conducted by the newly created National Transportation Safety Board. A review of the investigation conducted 39 years after the crash upheld the original findings that had placed primary responsibility on the Cessna pilot.[2]

Piedmont Airlines Flight 22
The crash site of Piedmont Airlines Flight 22
Accident
DateJuly 19, 1967 (1967-07-19)
SummaryMid-air collision[1]
SiteHendersonville, North Carolina
Total fatalities82
Total survivors0
First aircraft
TypeBoeing 727-22
NameManhattan Pacemaker
OperatorPiedmont Airlines
ICAO flight No.PAI22
Call signPIEDMONT 22
RegistrationN68650
Flight originAsheville Regional Airport
Asheville, North Carolina
DestinationRoanoke Regional Airport
Roanoke, Virginia
Occupants79
Passengers74
Crew5
Fatalities79
Survivors0
Second aircraft

A Cessna 310 similar to the accident aircraft
TypeCessna 310
OperatorLanseair Inc.
Call sign21 SIERRA
RegistrationN3121S
Occupants3
Passengers2
Crew1
Fatalities3
Survivors0

Flight and crash


Piedmont Flight 22 took off from Asheville Regional Airport's Runway 16 at 11:58 a.m. for a 35-minute IFR flight to Roanoke, Virginia under the command of captain Raymond F. Schulte (49), first officer Thomas C. Conrad (30), and flight engineer Lawrence C. Wilson (37). While the Boeing 727 was still on its takeoff roll, John D. Addison (48), the pilot of the Cessna 310 N3121S, reported: "Two one Sierra just passed over the VOR, we're headed for the ... for .. ah .. Asheville now." The approach controller then cleared the Cessna to descend and maintain 6,000 feet (1,800 m). At 11:59:44, the controller cleared Flight 22 to "... climb unrestricted to the VOR, report passing the VOR" and then cleared the Cessna for an approach to Runway 16. At 12:01, the 727 was still climbing when it collided with the Cessna just aft of the 727's cockpit at an altitude of 6,132 feet (1,869 m), causing its disintegration.[2] Many witnesses reported that the sound of the collision resembled that of a jet breaking the sound barrier.[3] The 727 rolled onto its back and crashed vertically into an area known as Camp Pinewood, exploding on impact.[3]


Original investigation


The accident became the first involving a major airline to be investigated by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), newly formed to replace the Civil Aeronautics Board. The NTSB's report placed the primary responsibility for the accident on the Cessna pilot, while citing air traffic control procedures as a contributing factor, and recommended a review of minimum pilot skill levels required for IFR flight.[2]


Controversy and new investigation


In 2006, 39 years after the accident, the NTSB reopened the investigation to review possible irregularities identified by Paul Houle, a former military traffic-accident investigator and historian who spent several years studying the accident. Houle alleged the following problems with the NTSB's original investigation:

Houle also mentioned that at the time, the newly formed NTSB was not fully independent of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), as both reported to the Department of Transportation. Houle claimed that these conflicts of interest led the NTSB to avoid citing either Piedmont or FAA controllers as the primary causes of the accident.

In February 2007, the NTSB reported that it had upheld its original findings, reconfirming the probable cause that it had assessed in 1968. In a letter to Houle, NTSB chairman Mark Rosenker wrote that the board had voted 3–1 that Houle's arguments were unsubstantiated.


Notable passenger


John T. McNaughton, a passenger on Flight 22 who was killed along with his wife and son, had just resigned as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs and had been confirmed by the U.S. Senate to become the next Secretary of the Navy. He was Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara's closest advisor.[4]


Dramatization


It is featured in season 1, episode 5, of the TV show Why Planes Crash, in an episode called "Collision Course".


Similar incidents



References


  1. Aircraft Accident Report (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. September 5, 1968. AAR-68-AJ.
  2. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-22 N68650 Hendersonville, NC". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
  3. Writer, Scott Parrott Times-News Staff. "Flight 22 - Views from Hendersonville". Retrieved January 26, 2018.
  4. Lacey, Derek (July 19, 2018). "51 years later: A look back at the Flight 22 disaster over Hendersonville". Times-News. Retrieved July 21, 2021.



На других языках


[de] Piedmont-Airlines-Flug 22

Am 19. Juli 1967 startete eine Boeing 727 vom Asheville Municipal Airport in North Carolina auf dem Piedmont-Airlines-Flug 22 zum Roanoke Municipal Airport in Virginia. Kurze Zeit später kollidierte sie mit einer im Anflug befindlichen Cessna 310. Beide Flugzeuge stürzten ab, wobei alle 82 Insassen ums Leben kamen. Hauptgrund des Unfalls war eine Abweichung der Cessna von ihrem freigegebenen Kurs, begünstigt durch Versäumnisse der Flugsicherung.[1]
- [en] Piedmont Airlines Flight 22

[ru] Столкновение над Хендерсонвиллом

Столкновение над Хендерсонвиллом — крупная авиационная катастрофа, произошедшая в среду 19 июля 1967 года в небе над городком Хендерсонвиллruen. Boeing 727-22 авиакомпании Piedmont Airlinesruen с 79 пассажирами на борту выполнял пассажирский рейс из Эшвилла в Роанок, но всего через несколько минут после взлёта в него врезался прибывающий небольшой самолёт Cessna 310. От удара обе машины потеряли управление и рухнули на землю. В данной авиационной катастрофе погибли 82 человека, что делает её крупнейшей в штате Северная Каролина. Первая крупная авиакатастрофа, расследованием которой занимался Национальный совет по безопасности на транспорте (NTSB, был организован в том же, 1967 году)[1].



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