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On 9 January 2011, Iran Air Flight 277, a Boeing 727 on a scheduled domestic service from Tehran to Urmia, Iran, crashed after aborting its approach into Urmia Airport in poor weather. 78 of the 105 people on board were killed. The official investigation concluded that icing conditions and incorrect engine management by the crew led to a double engine flame-out, loss of altitude and impact with the ground.[2]

Iran Air Flight 277
EP-IRP, the Boeing 727 involved, seen five days before the accident
Accident
Date9 January 2011 (2011-01-09)
SummaryCrashed following double engine flame-out in icing conditions
SiteNear Tarmani, Urmia County, Iran
37°33′10″N 45°09′56″E
Aircraft
Aircraft typeBoeing 727-286Adv
OperatorIran Air
IATA flight No.IR277
ICAO flight No.IRA277
Call signIRANAIR 277
RegistrationEP-IRP
Flight originMehrabad International Airport, Tehran, Iran
DestinationUrmia Airport, Urmia, Iran
Occupants105
Passengers96[1]
Crew9[1]
Fatalities78[1]
Injuries27
Survivors27

Accident


Flight 277 had taken off from Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran, at 18:15 local time (15:15 UTC), more than two hours later than scheduled because of poor weather at the destination.[3][4]

At around 19:00 local time (16:00 UTC), while on approach to Urmia Airport, the crew initiated a missed approach procedure and announced its intention to return to Tehran. At the time, the weather at Urmia was poor, with low clouds and 800 metres (2,600 ft) of visibility in snow.[2][5]

Contact with the Boeing was lost shortly after. The aircraft crashed near the village of Tarmani, around 15 kilometres (9.3 mi; 8.1 nmi) south-east of Urmia Airport, breaking into multiple sections.[2][6] Of the 96 passengers and 9 crew on board, only 27 survived.[7]


Aircraft and crew


The aircraft involved in the accident was a tri-jet Boeing 727-286Adv with Iranian registration EP-IRP. Manufactured in 1974, the aircraft had spent a long time out of service. It was impounded at Baghdad, Iraq from 1984 to 1990, and then placed in storage from 1991 to 2002. It was then overhauled and returned to service.[8]

The flight crew consisted of captain Fereydoun Dadras, first officer Mohammad Reza Qara Tappeh, and flight engineer Morteza Rastegar.[9][10]


Casualties


Of the 105 people on board, 78 were killed (including the flight crew) and 27 survived, all with injuries.[11][12][13] Most of the victims sustained injuries to the neck and spinal cord.[14] In the aftermath of the crash, 36 ambulances and 11 hospitals were utilized in the rescue operations.[6][15] Rescue efforts were complicated by heavy snow in the area, which was reportedly around 70 cm (28 in) deep at the crash site.[3]


Investigation


Iran's Civil Aviation Organization (CAO.IRI) opened an inquiry into the crash.[16] The day after the accident, both the flight's cockpit voice recorder and the flight data recorder were recovered and taken to Tehran for analysis.[7][17]

In 2017, CAO.IRI published its final accident report. From its analysis, it emerged that after starting its final approach to Urmia Airport's runway 21 from an altitude of 7,000 feet (2,100 m) – Urmia Airport being at an elevation of 4,300 feet (1,300 m) – a navigational error by the flight crew meant that the aircraft failed to establish itself on the instrument landing system. Descending through 5,900 ft (1,800 m) and having never made visual contact with the runway, the crew elected to go around. The missed approach procedure started normally, with the aircraft climbing to 8,800 feet (2,700 m).[2]

Investigators believe the Boeing encountered severe icing conditions, which caused disruption of the airflow and loss of engine thrust. The aircraft started to descend and entered a turn that momentarily reached 41° bank angle, causing the activation of the stick shaker. Despite application of full thrust, engines No. 1 and 3 began to run down. Descending through 7,000 feet (2,100 m), the flight engineer could be heard announcing that both engines have failed. Subsequent attempts to relight them were unsuccessful. During the last moments of the flight, flaps were retracted and the airspeed progressively decayed; at 4,400 feet (1,300 m), just 100 feet (30 m) above terrain, the aircraft was flying at 112 knots (207 km/h; 129 mph) with 21° right bank. The last recorded airspeed value was 69 knots (128 km/h; 79 mph). The aircraft impacted terrain at 4,307 feet (1,313 m) mean sea level (MSL).[2]

The report concluded that the main causes of the accident were severe icing conditions and inappropriate actions by the flight crew. Obsolete on-board systems, absence of suitable simulators for adverse weather conditions, failure to follow standard operating procedures, and inadequate crew resource management were cited as contributory factors.[2]


See also



References


  1. Ranter, Harro. "Accident Description". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  2. Hradecky, Simon. "Accident: Iran Air B722 near Orumiyeh on Jan 9th 2011, impacted terrain during go-around". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  3. "Iran passenger plane crash 'kills 70'". BBC News. BBC. January 9, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  4. "Iran Air jet reportedly crashes at Urmia". Flight International. January 9, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  5. "Bad weather, pilot's lack of vision causes of Iran plane crash". Iranian Students News Association. Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
  6. "Many feared dead in Iran plane crash". The Guardian. UK. January 9, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  7. Kaminiski-Morrow, David (January 10, 2011). "Both recorders retrieved from Iran Air 727 crash site". Flight International. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  8. "Aircraft Database – EPIRP". airframes.org. Airframes.org. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  9. "تحلیل یک کاپیتان از سقوط هواپیمای ۷۲۷ بوئینگ+عکس" [A captain analyzes the crash of a Boeing 727 + photo]. www.tabnak.ir (in Persian). January 11, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
  10. "Final accident report" (PDF) (in Persian). Civil Aviation Organization. Retrieved November 28, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. Afshar, Ahmadreza; Hajyhosseinloo, Majid; Eftekhari, Ali; Safari, Mir Bahram; Yekta, Zahra (May 2012). "A Report of the Injuries Sustained in Iran Air Flight 277 that Crashed near Urmia, Iran" (PDF). Archives of Iranian Medicine. 15 (5): 317–19. PMID 22519383.
  12. "Crew members that died in the Accident". IranAir. Archived from the original on January 15, 2011.
  13. "خلبان کشته شد/ اسامی بیمارستانهایی که مجروحان به این مراکز منتقل شده‌اند" [Pilot killed/names of hospitals where injured were taken to these centers]. Mehr News Agency (in Persian). Islamic Ideology Dissemination Organization. January 9, 2011. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
  14. "کشته شدگان سقوط هواپیما 80 نفر شدند/ جان باختگان از نخاع و گردن ضربه دیدند" [The death toll from the plane crash was 80 / The victims were hit in the spinal cord and neck]. Mehr News Agency (in Persian). January 10, 2011. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
  15. "33 مجروح و 77 کشته حاصل سقوط هواپیما در ارومیه" [33 injured and 77 killed in plane crash in Urmia]. Mehr News Agency (in Persian). January 9, 2011. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
  16. "Iran orders air-crash inquiry – Middle East". Al Jazeera English. January 10, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  17. "Inquiry opens into fatal Iran Air 727 crash". Flight International. January 10, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011.


External image
Photo of aircraft involved

На других языках


[de] Iran-Air-Flug 277

Iran-Air-Flug 277 (kurz IR277) war ein Inland-Linienflug der iranischen Fluggesellschaft Iran Air, der am 9. Januar 2011 gegen 19:45 Uhr Ortszeit (16:15 UTC) während schlechter Wetterbedingungen nach einem Durchstarten in der Nähe des Flughafens Urmia in der Provinz West-Aserbaidschan im äußersten Nordwesten des Iran an Höhe verlor und daraufhin Bodenkontakt hatte. Danach zerbrach die Maschine in mehrere Teile. Bei dem Flugzeug, das sich auf dem Weg von Flughafen Teheran-Mehrabad nach Urmia befand, handelte es sich um eine Boeing 727-286 Adv(anced).[1]
- [en] Iran Air Flight 277

[fr] Vol Iran Air 277

Le vol Iran Air 277 assuré par un Boeing 727 s'écrase à Orumiyeh en Iran le 9 janvier 2011. Sur 105 personnes, on dénombrera 77 victimes ainsi que 26 blessés[1]. L'accident est dû au mauvais temps et au brouillard.

[it] Volo Iran Air 277

Il volo Iran Air 277 era un volo passeggeri di linea nazionale da Teheran a Urmia, in Iran. Il 9 gennaio 2011, un Boeing 727 in volo su tale tratta si schiantò dopo aver interrotto l'avvicinamento all'aeroporto di Urmia a causa del maltempo. 68 delle 105 persone a bordo rimasero uccise. L'indagine ufficiale ha concluso che le condizioni di ghiaccio e la gestione errata dei propulsori da parte dell'equipaggio portarono allo spegnimento di due motori, alla perdita di altitudine e all'impatto con il suolo.[1][2]

[ru] Катастрофа Boeing 727 под Урмией

Катастрофа Boeing 727 под Урмией — авиационное происшествие (катастрофа), произошедшее на северо-западе Ирана, недалеко от города Урмия в 19:45 по местному времени 9 января 2011 года с самолётом Boeing 727 авиакомпании Iran Air. На борту находилось 94 пассажира и 11 членов экипажа.



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