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Erbil International Airport (IATA: EBL, ICAO: ORER) (Kurdish: فڕۆکه‌خانه‌ی نێوده‌وڵه‌تیی هه‌ولێر), is the main airport of the city of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is administered by the Iraqi Government and the Kurdistan Regional Government under a committee consisting of the Prime Minister of Kurdistan Region, Masrour Barzani,^{[citation needed]} and is one of two international airports (the other being Sulaymaniyah Airport), with a third in Duhok being under construction. The new modern airport opened in 2010. The airport has one of the longest runways in the world.

Erbil International Airport Firokaxaney Nêwdewletî Hewlêr فڕۆکه‌خانه‌ی نێوده‌وڵه‌تیی هه‌ولێر
IATA: EBL ICAO: ORER
Summary
Airport type	Public
Operator	Iraqi Government and the Kurdistan Regional Government [1]
Serves	Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Location	Ankawa
Hub for	Fly Erbil Iraqi Airways
Elevation AMSL	1,363 ft / 415 m
Coordinates	36°14′15″N 043°57′47″E
Website	erbilairport.com
Map
ORER Location in Kurdistan Region Show map of Iraqi Kurdistan ORER ORER (Iraq) Show map of Iraq
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 18/36 4,800 15,748 Concrete
Statistics (2014)
Cargo 33,527 Total passengers 1,565,998

History

The airport was built at the beginning of the 1970s as an Iraqi military base. The airstrip was used as a military base until 1991 by the Ba'ath Party regime as a result of United Nations Security Council establishing a no-fly zone over northern Iraq. After the 2003 US invasion, the Kurdistan Regional Government took over administrative rule of the region. On 26 May 2005, the airport was given the ICAO airport code, ORER. Endowed with natural resources including oil, natural gas and other minerals, investment in Iraq has increased substantially since 2005. The city of Erbil has been a large recipient of foreign investments. Due to the growing need for safe access into the country, the Regional Government invested US$500 million in the construction of a modern airport.^{[citation needed]}

Old airport

The old Erbil airport covered 7,000 m² (75,000 sq ft), and was divided into departure and arrival halls. It had three gates and a 2,800 m (9,200 ft) long runway with an ILS system.[2] The Kurdistan International Bank, a Tourism Information office, the airline companies offices, duty-free shops, a cafeteria, and the Korek Telecom office were located inside the terminal.

The warehouse offered cargo space amounting to 4,320 m² (46,500 sq ft) and consisted of an import and an export section. The cargo was handled by Dnata, a Dubai-based company.[2]

New airport

A newly built$, US550 million airport was opened on 5 July 2005.[2][3] The new airport is next to the old airport (previously a military field) and has one of the world's longest runways, 4,800 m × 75 m (15,748 ft × 246 ft) and is equipped for ILS CAT II operations.[2] The airport's new terminal has duty-free shops and currency exchange offices.[4] The terminal also has CIP areas for business jets, and there is a VIP terminal for visiting dignitaries and diplomats[3] for the purpose of achieving international airport standards.[5]

In 2010 Erbil International Airport had the least expensive aviation fuel in Iraq (at 83 US cents per litre).[6]

From 29 September 2017, until 14 March 2018, following the 2017 Kurdistan Region independence referendum, all commercial international flights were suspended.[7] The airport remained open for domestic, humanitarian, military, and diplomatic flights.[8]

Drone attacks

The airport has been the target of numerous drone strikes by Iran-backed Shi'ite militias in 2021.[9] On 15 April, a drone carrying explosives targeted the military section of the airport. The section housed US-led forces, and no casualties were reported.[10] On 6 July, another drone targeted the same section of the airport and crashed near the airport.[11] On 11 September, two drones carrying explosives failed to reach the airport; one was shot down by C-RAM air defense and the other one crashed. There were no casualties.[12]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

These are the airlines and destinations served from Erbil Airport:[13]

Airlines	Destinations
Air Arabia	Sharjah
AnadoluJet	Adana,[14] Diyarbakir,[15] Gaziantep,[15] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[16]
Austrian Airlines	Vienna
Cham Wings Airlines	Damascus[17]
Egyptair	Cairo
Emirates	Dubai–International
Eurowings	Düsseldorf
Fly Baghdad	Aleppo, Ankara, Baghdad, Damascus, Istanbul, Medina
flydubai	Dubai–International[18]
FlyErbil	Baku, Cologne/Bonn, Copenhagen, Düsseldorf, Hanover,[19] Istanbul, Yerevan
Iraqi Airways	Amman–Queen Alia, Ankara, Baghdad, Baku, Berlin, Cairo, Copenhagen, Dubai–International, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Munich, Sulaymaniyah
Lufthansa	Frankfurt
Mahan Air	Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Middle East Airlines	Beirut[20]
Pegasus Airlines	Ankara, Gaziantep,[21] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Pouya Air	Urmia
Qatar Airways	Doha[22]
Royal Jordanian	Amman–Queen Alia
SunExpress	Seasonal: Antalya[23]
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Royal Jordanian Cargo[24]	Amman–Queen Alia
Turkish Cargo[25]	Istanbul–Atatürk

Statistics

Since its opening in 2006, the airport has seen increased traffic. Traffic was up 22% in 2010 and in 2011 demand was up 37% to just over 620,000 passengers. In the first four months of 2012 passenger numbers are up 52% with April setting a new record of 84,275 departing and arriving passengers.[26]

Annual Passenger & Cargo Traffic[27]

Year	Passengers	% Change	Aircraft movements	% Change	Cargo (MT)	% Change
2006	163,619		4,894		N/A	—
2007	275,183	68%	9,815	100.5%	10,000
2008	302,000	10%	7,745	21%	14,500	45%
2009	356,850	18%	7,557	2.4%	11,533	20%
2010	449,536	26%	7,235	4.2%	10,848	6%
2011	620,365	38%	7,366	1.8%	17,864	65%
2012	947,600	53%	9,021	22.4%	27,488	54%
2013	1,193,783	26%	12,229	35.5%	38,571	40%
2014	1,565,998	31%	16,218	32.6%	33,527	13%
2015	1,665,701	6.3%	18,864	16.3%	22,742	32.1%
2016	1,814,272	8.9%	19,080	1.1%	23,462	3.1%
2017	1,606,531	11.4%	15,294	19.8%	17,574	25%
2018	1,533,863	4.5%	15,562	1.7%	16,505	6%
2019	1,909,785	24.5%	19,560	25.7%	N/A	—

Incidents

• On July 6, 2021, a series of attacks against the airport were reported, including drone and rocket attacks.[28]

References

External links

• Official website

На других языках

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[de] Flughafen Erbil

Der Internationale Flughafen Erbil (IATA: EBL, ICAO: ORER) ist ein Flughafen in der Autonomen Region Kurdistan im Irak. Er liegt im Nordwesten der Stadt Erbil.

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- [en] Erbil International Airport

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[es] Aeropuerto Internacional de Erbil

El Aeropuerto Internacional de Erbil (IATA: EBL, OACI: ORER) es un aeropuerto que se encuentra ubicado a 9 km km al noroeste del centro de la gran ciudad de Erbil (de 1.2 millones de habitantes) y a 4 km al oeste de Ankawa, en la región septentrional de Kurdistán (en Irak).

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[fr] Aéroport international d'Erbil

L'aéroport international d'Erbil (code IATA : EBL • code OACI : ORER) est un aéroport situé au nord-ouest d'Erbil, une ville du Kurdistan irakien.

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