avia.wikisort.org - Aircraft_carrier

Search / Calendar

The Moskva class, Soviet designation Project 1123 Kondor (condor) and S-703 Project 1123M Kiev, was the first class of operational aircraft carriers (helicopter cruisers in the Soviet classification) built by the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy.[3]

Leningrad underway in 1990.
Class overview
NameMoskva class
Operators
  •  Soviet Navy
  •  Russian Navy
Succeeded byMerkuryy Delfin Khalzan class Project 11780 Kiev class
Built1962–1969
In service1967–1996
Planned3-12[1]
Completed2
Cancelled1
Retired2
General characteristics [2]
TypeHelicopter cruiser
Displacement
  • 11,920 tons standard
  • 15,280 tons full load
Length189 m (620 ft)
Beam34 m (112 ft)
Draught7.7 m (25 ft)
Propulsion2 × 45000 hp TV-12 steam turbines, 2 × fixed pitch propellers, 2 × 1500 kW TD-1500 turbine-type generators, 2 × 1500 kW diesel-generators
Speed28.5 knots (53 km/h)
Range9,000 nautical miles (16,668 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h)
Endurance15 days
Complement850
Sensors and
processing systems
  • MR-600 'Voskhod'/MR-310 'Angara-A' air/surface radar
  • 'Don' navigation radar
  • 'Gurzuf'/'Gurzuf-1' ESM radar system
  • MRP-11-16 'Zaliv' ESM radar system
  • 'Kremniy-2M' IFF
  • ARP-50 radio direction finder
  • MG-342 'Orion' or MG-325 'Vega' sonar
  • MG-26 'Khosta' underwater communication system
  • MVU-201 'Koren-1123' combat information control system
Armament
  • 2 × twin SA-N-3 'Goblet' surface-to-air missile launchers
  • 2 × twin 57 mm (2.2 in)/80 guns
  • 1 × SUW-N-1 launcher for FRAS-1 anti-submarine missiles
  • 2 × RBU-6000 ASW rockets
  • 10 × 553 mm (22 in) torpedo tubes (2 × 5)
  • 2 × ZIF-121 rocket launchers (PK-2 decoy)
Aircraft carried18× Kamov Ka-25 'Hormone' or Mi-8 helicopters
Aviation facilitiesHangar deck

These ships were laid down at Nikolayev South (Shipyard No.444). The lead vessel was launched in 1965 and named Moskva (Russian: Москва, lit.'Moscow'); she entered service two years later. Moskva was followed by Leningrad (Russian: Ленинград, lit.'Leningrad', which was commissioned in late 1968; there were no further vessels built, reportedly due to the poor handling of the ships in rough seas. Both were conventionally powered.

The Moskvas were not true "aircraft carriers" in that they did not carry any fixed-wing aircraft; the air wing was composed entirely of helicopters. They were designed primarily as anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessels, and her weapons and sensor suite was optimized against the nuclear submarine threat. Their strategic role was to defend the Soviet ballistic missile submarine bastions against incursions by Western attack submarines, forming the flagships of an ASW task force.[citation needed]


Design


The operational requirement was issued by Admiral Sergey Gorshkov in 1959. The aim of the ships was to counter NATO Polaris submarines and act as a flagship for anti-submarine warfare. Initially it was hoped to operate ten helicopters from an 8000-ton ship. The design evolved into a larger vessel capable of operating up to 14 helicopters with self defence armament.


Armament


Shipboard ASW armament included a twin SUW-N-1 launcher capable of delivering a FRAS-1 projectile carrying a 450-millimetre (18 in) torpedo (or a 5 kiloton nuclear warhead); a pair of RBU-6000 ASW mortars; and a set of torpedo tubes. For self-defence, the Moskvas had two twin SA-N-3 surface-to-air missile (SAM) launchers with reloads for a total of 48 surface-to-air missiles, along with two twin 57 mm (2.2 in) /80 guns.


Propulsion


Gas turbines were considered but were as yet untried in such a large vessel. Instead a high pressure steam plant similar to that used by the Kynda-class cruisers was used. The machinery of Moskva had severe problems and had to be rebuilt in 1973 following a fire. Operational performance was disappointing with a practical maximum speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) and 24-knot (44 km/h; 28 mph) maximum sustainable speed. Sea keeping was also disappointing.


Ships


Moskva off the Moroccan coast in January 1970.
Moskva off the Moroccan coast in January 1970.
A port-quarter fantail view of Leningrad.
A port-quarter fantail view of Leningrad.

Both vessels were part of the Black Sea Fleet. Leningrad was retired in 1991 and Moskva in 1996. Leningrad was scrapped in 1995 and Moskva in 1997. A third ship to be named Kiev was cancelled in 1969, which was to have been an anti-surface warfare vessel. The Moskva class was succeeded by the larger Kiev class.

Name Namesake Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Fate
Moskva City of Moscow Soviet Shipyard No. 444, Mykolaiv 15 December 1962 14 January 1965 25 December 1967 Broken up at Alang, 1997
Leningrad City of Leningrad 15 January 1965 31 July 1968 2 June 1969 Broken up, Greece, 1995
Kiev City of Kiev December 1967 Cancelled 1969

See also



References



Citations


  1. "StackPath".
  2. "Project 1123 Kondor". russianships.info. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  3. Jordan,John, 'Soviet Warships 1945 to Present', Revised & Expanded Edition, ISBN 1-85409-117-4, Published by Arms & Armour Press (London, UK), 1992

Sources





На других языках


[de] Moskwa-Klasse

Projekt 1123 (russisch „Кондор“ „Kondor“), von der NATO als Moskwa-Klasse bezeichnet, war die erste Klasse von Flugdeckkreuzern der sowjetischen Marine, von der eine größere Anzahl Luftfahrzeuge (in diesem Fall Hubschrauber) starten konnte. Gelegentlich werden diese Schiffe daher auch als Hubschrauberträger bezeichnet. Die beiden einzigen Schiffe der Klasse wurden in den 1970er-Jahren in Dienst gestellt und waren bis Anfang/Mitte der 1990er-Jahre im Dienst.
- [en] Moskva-class helicopter carrier

[fr] Classe Moskva

La Classe Moskva ou Projet 1123/Kondor (en russe : Кондор), est un type de croiseur porte-hélicoptères de la marine soviétique. Elle est composée de 2 unités, le Moskva et le Leningrad. Ils sont construits par les chantiers navals de Nikolaïev de 1962 à 1965. À l'instar des autres croiseurs porte-hélicoptères de l'époque (les Andrea Doria et Vittorio Veneto italiens, la Jeanne d'Arc française), l'armement des Moskva était regroupé sur la plage avant, de massives superstructures et un vaste pont d'envol à l'arrière surmontant les deux hangars.

[it] Classe Moskva

Gli incrociatori portaelicotteri classe Moskva erano navi di grandi dimensioni, realizzate dai sovietici per tentare di contrastare la nuova minaccia dei sottomarini lanciamissili statunitensi, armati con i missili Polaris e Poseidon.

[ru] Крейсера проекта 1123

Противолодочные крейсера проекта 1123 «Кондор» — по кодификации НАТО: англ. Moskva class — серия советских многоцелевых противолодочных крейсеров (ПКР) с ракетным вооружением дальней морской и океанской зоны (до 1965 года классифицировались как корабли противолодочной обороны дальней зоны) в Военно-Морском Флоте СССР. Изначально планировалось и было построено два корабля — противолодочные крейсера «Москва» и «Ленинград». Позже, в 1967 году, было принято решение построить ещё один корабль — противолодочный крейсер «Киев», но уже по изменённому проекту 1123.3. Однако его закладка на стапеле так и не состоялась, несмотря на готовность нескольких днищевых секций корпуса. Корабли проекта в течение почти 30 лет находились в составе флота, неоднократно выходя на боевые службы в Средиземное море и Атлантический океан. Последующим концептуальным развитием данного подкласса крейсеров явились авианесущие крейсера проекта 1143, позже переклассифицированные в тяжёлые авианесущие крейсера (ТАКР).[1]



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии