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The Unryū-class aircraft carriers (雲龍型航空母艦, Unryū-gata Kōkūbokan) were World War II Japanese aircraft carriers. Sixteen ships of the class were planned under the Maru Kyū Programme (Ship #302 in 1941) and the Kai-Maru 5 Programme (#5001–5015 in 1942). However, only three of the Unryū-class carriers were completed.[10][Note 1]

Unryū, 16 July 1944
Class overview
NameUnryū class
Builders
Operators Imperial Japanese Navy
Preceded byTaihō
Succeeded byProject Number G18 [jp] (only a project)
Subclasses
  • Unryū (Ship #302 and 5001–5006)
  • Ikoma (Ship #5007–5015)
Cost
  • 87,039,000 JPY in 1941[1]
  • 93,442,000 JPY in 1942[2]
Built1942–45
In commission1944–45
Planned1 (1941) + 15 (1942)
Completed3
Cancelled13
Lost2 + 1 (Aso)
Retired1
General characteristics
TypeAircraft carrier
Displacement
  • Unryū and Amagi
  • 17,480 long tons (17,760 t) standard
  • all others
  • 17,150 long tons (17,425 t) standard
Length227.35 m (745.9 ft) o/a
Beam22 m (72 ft)
Draught7.86 m (25.8 ft)
Installed power
  • 8 × Ro-Gō Kampon water-tube boilers
  • Katsuragi and Aso[3][4]
  • 104,000 shp (78,000 kW)
Propulsion
  • 4 shafts
  • 4 × Kampon geared turbines,
  • all others[3][4]
  • 152,000 shp (113,000 kW)
Speed
  • Katsuragi and Aso[3][4]
  • 32 knots (37 mph; 59 km/h)
  • all others[3][4]
  • 34 knots (39 mph; 63 km/h)
Range8,000 nmi (15,000 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h)[3]
EnduranceFuel: 3,750 tons oil[3][4]
Complement
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Radar:[5]
  • Unryū and Amagi as built
  • 2 × Type 21 radars (top of island and flight deck)
  • 1 × Type 13 radar (mast)
  • Katsuragi as built
  • 2 × Type 21 radars (top of island and flight deck)
  • 2 × Type 13 radars (mast and radio antenna)
  • Amagi and Katsuragi in 1945
  • 1 × Type 21 radar (flight deck)
  • 1 × Type 22 radar (top of island)
  • 1 × Type 13 radar (mast)
  • Sonar and hydrophone:[6][7]
  • Amagi
  • Type 93 hydrophone
  • Type 3 active sonar
  • all others
  • Type 0 hydrophone
  • Type 3 active sonar
Armament
  • 12 (6 × 2) 127 mm Type 89 AA guns
  • 93 (21 × 3 and 30 × 1)[7] Type 96 25 mm AA guns
  • 30 depth charges[7]
  • Unryū and Amagi
  • 168 (6 × 28[8]) 4.7 inch AA rockets
  • Kasagi
  • 120 (4[7] × 30[8]) 4.7 inch AA rockets
  • all others
  • 180 (6 × 30[8]) 4.7 inch AA rockets
Armor
  • [3]
  • Deck: 25 mm (0.98 in)
  • Belt:
  • Katsuragi and Aso
  • 50 mm (2.0 in)
  • all others
  • 46 mm (1.8 in)
Aircraft carried

Design


In the lead-up to the Pacific War the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) attempted to build a large number of fleet carriers. For them to be built quickly, the design for these ships was based on the aircraft carrier Hiryū rather than the newer and more sophisticated Taihō or the Shōkaku class.[11]

The Unryū-class aircraft carrier design was very similar to that of Hiryū. The ships were lightly built, and the main difference from Hiryū was that the carriers' island was placed on the starboard side of the ships. The carriers were capable of carrying 63 aircraft in two hangars, and were fitted with two elevators. The Unryū class carried a smaller quantity of aviation fuel than Hiryū with fuel tanks protected by concrete. The ships were fitted with the same propulsion system used in the aircraft carrier Sōryū to reach 34 knots (63 km/h), though Katsuragi was instead fitted with two turbines of the same type used in destroyers and had a maximum speed of 32 knots (59 km/h).[11] The carriers also had a similar armament as Hiryū[11] and were equipped with two Type 21 radars and two Type 13 radars.[12]


Construction


The first three Unryū-class aircraft carriers were laid down in 1942 and construction of a further three began the next year. Eventually, only three (Unryū, Amagi, and Katsuragi) were completed and construction of the other three carriers (Kasagi, Aso and Ikoma) was abandoned in 1945.[11]


Ships in classes



Unryū class


Project number was G16. General production model of the Unryū class. 3 carriers were completed. The IJN unofficial designation for Unryū and Amagi were Modified Hiryū class (改飛龍型, Kai Hiryū-gata),[13] Ship Number 5002–5006 were Modified Unryū class (改雲龍型, Kai Unryū-gata)[14] also.

Construction data
Ship # Ship Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate
302 Unryū (雲龍) Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 1 August 1942 25 September 1943 6 August 1944 Sunk by USS Redfish, 19 December 1944.
5001 Amagi (天城) Mitsubishi-Nagasaki Shipyard 1 October 1942 15 October 1943 10 August 1944 Sunk by air raid, 28 July 1945. Salvaged and scrapped between 5 December 1946 – 12 November 1947.
5002 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled, 1943; materials were used for Shinano.
5003 Katsuragi (葛城) Kure Naval Arsenal 8 December 1942 19 January 1944 15 October 1944 Scrapped between 22 December 1946 – 30 November 1947.
5004 Kasagi (笠置) Mitsubishi-Nagasaki Shipyard 14 April 1943 19 October 1944 (June 1945)[17] 84% complete. Construction stopped on 1 April 1945. Scrapped between 1 September 1946 – 31 December 1947.
5005 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled, 1943; materials were used for Shinano.
5006 Aso (阿蘇) Kure Naval Arsenal 8 June 1943 1 November 1944 (September 1945)[17] 60% complete. Construction stopped on 9 November 1944. Damaged by air raids in July 1945. Scuttled, July 1945. Salvaged and scrapped between 21 December 1946 – 26 April 1947.

Ikoma class


The Ikoma subclass was a simplified and sped-up construction model of the Unryū class. They were equipped with shift-arrangement machinery (four sets of parallel boilers and one turbine).[15][18] Therefore, their funnels were intended to be spaced out.[18] The IJN unofficial designation for this class was Modified Ship Number 302-class (改第302号艦型, Kai Dai 302-Gōkan-gata).[9][17]

Construction data
Ship # Ship Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate
5007 Ikoma (生駒) Kawasaki-Kobe Shipyard 5 July 1943 17 November 1944 (October 1945)[17] 60% complete. Construction stopped, 9 November 1944. Scrapped 4 July 1946 – 10 March 1947.
5008 Kurama (鞍馬)[19] or Kaimon (開聞)[20] Mitsubishi-Nagasaki Shipyard[17] (November 1943)[17] (December 1945)[17] Cancelled on 5 May 1944[21]
5009 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal[17] (July 1943)[17] (March 1946)[17] Cancelled on 11 August 1943[22]
5010 Mitsubishi-Nagasaki Shipyard[17] (April 1944)[17] (June 1946)[17]
5011 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal[17] (June 1944)[17] (September 1946)[17]
5012 Kure Naval Arsenal[17] (June 1944)[17] (September 1946)[17]
5013 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal[17] (June 1944)[17] (March 1947)[17]
5014 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal[17] (October 1944)[17] (September 1947)[17]
5015 Yokosuka Naval Arsenal[17] (January 1945)[17] (March 1948)[17]

Photos



Footnotes


  1. Senshi Sōsho Vol.31 (1969), p.815
  2. Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 (1975), p.37
  3. Ships of the World (1994), p.66
  4. Shizuo Fukui, p.442–445
  5. The Maru Special (1981), p.17–19, p.54–55 and p.84–87
  6. Ships of the World (1994), p.177
  7. Japan Center for Asian Historical Records, p.3
  8. Shizuo Fukui, p.276
  9. Rekishi Gunzo, p.105
  10. Lengerer 2010b, p. 106
  11. Stille (2005), p. 37
  12. Stille (2005), p. 38
  13. Shizuo Fukui, p.273
  14. Shizuo Fukui, p.274
  15. The Maru Special (1981), p.55
  16. Shizuo Fukui, p.331
  17. Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 (1975), p.18
  18. Shizuo Fukui, p.275
  19. The Maru Special (1979), p.38
  20. Daiji Katagiri, p.83–84
  21. Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 (1975), p.95
  22. Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 (1975), p.71–74

References



Notes


  1. Two of these ships were canceled to release a slipway and material to convert Shinano into an aircraft carrier.[10]



На других языках

[de] Unryū-Klasse

Die Unryū-Klasse (japanisch 雲龍型航空母艦 .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Unryū-gata Kōkūbokan) war eine Klasse von Flugzeugträgern der Kaiserlich Japanischen Marine, die im Zweiten Weltkrieg unter dem Programm für 'Schnelle Marineaufrüstung' (マル急計画 - Maru Kyū) gebaut wurden. Sechzehn Schiffe waren geplant, das Typschiff Unryū mit der Baunummer #302 im Jahre 1941 und weitere fünfzehn unter dem modifizierten 5. Marineaufrüstungsprogramm mit den Baunummern 5001–5015 im Jahre 1942. Allerdings wurden nur drei Schiffe der Unryū-Klasse Träger fertiggestellt und zwar die Baunummern #302, #5001 und #5003. Die Baunummern #5002 und #5005 wurden storniert, um die Slipanlage frei zu machen und Material für den Umbau der Shinano in einen Flugzeugträger zu bekommen.
- [en] Unryū-class aircraft carrier

[es] Clase Unryū

La Clase Unryū (雲龍 級, Clase Unryū?), dragón que sobrevuela las nubes) fue una clase de portaaviones japoneses de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Fueron diseñados basándose en la Clase Sōryū, siendo su cometido atacar convoyes de los Estados Unidos, pero ninguno de los tres que entraron en servicio si no que se limitaron a realizar cortas misiones de transporte y entrenamiento y ninguno de ellos llegó a ser operativo como portaaviones por no contar con un grupo aéreo propio.

[fr] Classe Unryū

La classe Unryū (雲龍型航空母艦, Unryū-gata Kōkūbokan?) est une classe de porte-avions construits pour la marine impériale japonaise durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Seize navires étaient prévus à l'origine, mais seulement trois seront finis : le Unryū, l'Amagi, et le Katsuragi.

[it] Classe Unryu

La classe Unryu (雲龍型航空母艦 Unryū-gata kōkū-bokan?) fu una classe navale di portaerei giapponesi sviluppate per la Marina imperiale giapponese durante le fasi finali della Guerra del Pacifico, il maggiore teatro bellico orientale della seconda guerra mondiale.[1]

[ru] Авианосцы типа «Унрю»

Авианосцы типа «Унрю» (яп. 雲龍型航空母艦 Унрю:гата ко:ку:бокан) — серия японских авианосцев.


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