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Continental Micronesia, Inc. (CMI[4]) was a company which was a wholly owned subsidiary of Continental Airlines. It operated daily flights to Honolulu, Hawaii, as well as international services to Asia, Micronesia and Australia from its base of operations at Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport on Guam,[5] a U.S. territory in the western Pacific Ocean. During its final years, the airline, a Delaware corporation,[6] was headquartered in the old terminal building at Won Pat International Airport and in Tamuning, Guam.[3][7]

Continental Micronesia

IATA ICAO Callsign CS CMI AIR MIKE
Founded	May 16, 1968; 54 years ago (1968-05-16)[1] (as Air Micronesia)[1]
Ceased operations	December 22, 2010; 11 years ago (2010-12-22) (merged into Continental Airlines) April 1, 2017; 5 years ago (2017-04-01) (merged into United Airlines)
Hubs	Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport
Frequent-flyer program	OnePass
Alliance	SkyTeam (affiliate; 2004—2009) Star Alliance (affiliate; 2009—2010)[2]
Fleet size	16
Destinations	25
Parent company	United Continental Holdings
Headquarters	Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport Tamuning, Guam (U.S.)[3]
Website	continental.com (now united.com)

On December 22, 2010, as a result of the Continental-United Airlines merger, the FAA approved the combination of Continental Micronesia's air carrier operations with Continental's under the single Part 121 operating certificate of Continental; although Continental Micronesia remained as a corporation, all flights were then operated directly by Continental Airlines. This step was intended to simplify future integration steps between Continental and United. The callsign, ICAO and IATA codes were changed to reflect the new operating certificate.^{[citation needed]}

As of 2012, the Continental Micronesia employee group, now a subset of United Continental Holdings, had 1,222 employees.[8] The subsidiary was merged into United effective April 1, 2017. On Thursday June 27, 2019 the subsidiary's parent company name was changed from United Continental Holdings to United Airlines Holdings.[9]

Code data

Continental Micronesia flights used the regular Continental "CO" code on ticketing systems and for frequent-flyer benefit accounting, but used its ICAO code "CMI" and callsign "Air Mike" with air traffic control authorities. In airport terminals, Continental Micronesia flights were listed separately (from Continental) with its IATA code "CS". During the final decade, three airports had both "Air Mike" and mainline Continental present: Hong Kong, Tokyo and Honolulu.

History

This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2009)

The airline was established by Continental and other regional shareholders in the former U.S. Trust Territory and started operations on May 16, 1968, as Air Micronesia,[10] hence the nickname and callsign "Air Mike". Service was started with a Boeing 727-100, number 475, which was nicknamed "Ju-Ju," and a Douglas DC-6. It also operated two Grumman SA-16/ HU-16 Albatross amphibians to fly from Chuuk (Truk) to Pohnpei (Ponape), until an airfield could be built that could accommodate the 727. The 727's underside was coated with teflon, due to it having to operate on coral runways. Additionally, the plane had to carry spare parts and a mechanic, as well as open-water survival gear and (beginning in 1975) onboard doppler radar, then a rarity.^{[citation needed]} The airline also operated Boeing 727-100 Combi aircraft models which were capable of transporting freight pallets on the main deck of the jetliner just aft of the cockpit in addition to passengers seated in the rear coach compartment.[11] By 1983, Continental Micronesia was operating all-passenger Boeing 727-100 and 727-200 aircraft in addition to mixed passenger/freight 727-100 Combi aircraft from its Guam hub.[12]

William H. Stewart of the Saipan Tribune stated that the airline's foundation "in particular" "was probably the single most important factor in the future development of what were once remote and isolated islands in the Pacific." Stewart added that the jets "distorted the traveler's impression of time and distance and brought the islands closer to major market areas in Asia."[13] The airline had a virtual monopoly in the Micronesia region.[14] In the 1970s, each district that the airline flew to had an entirely Micronesian employee base, with the exception of Saipan, which housed the airline's headquarters.[15] William H. Stewart of the Saipan Tribune said the airline "was the only travel link many had with the world beyond the horizon."[16]

In the early 1980s, the airline started service from Guam to Japan. As Continental's share and roles in Air Mike changed, the airline's name became "Continental Air Micronesia."^{[citation needed]} Eventually, Continental owned 100% of Air Mike, which at one point provided the only scheduled service directly between Guam and any point in the 50 United States (namely, to/from Honolulu, Hawaii) although other airlines, notably Pan Am, Braniff International and South Pacific Island Airways, had attempted to provide nonstop service between Guam and Honolulu.[17][18]

Since May 1987, the company had the contract to provide passenger and cargo service from Honolulu and Guam to the states of Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk and Yap.[19]

Before being headquartered in Guam, Continental Micronesia was headquartered in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands.[20] As time passed, the airline's Saipan traffic decreased due to the 1986 breakup of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, which was subdivided into smaller political units. Because of the breakup, fewer people needed to travel to Saipan, which was the capital of the trust territory.[14]

In 1995, Continental Airlines acquired the 9% of the company that it did not already own for $72 million from a group headed by the late Larry Hillblom.[21]

2000 to 2009

By 2003, the Guam International Airport Authority moved commuter airlines out of Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport's Commuter Terminal and leased the entire facility to Continental.[22] In 2003, it flew from Honolulu to Guam, and from Guam to numerous PacRim and Pacific island destinations.[23]

As of 2004, most of the airline's employees were Guam-based, due to the location of the corporate headquarters and the airline's main hub. By 2005 Continental Micronesia's business on the island of Saipan had decreased, prompting layoffs in Saipan.[24]

Continental Micronesia employed 1,500 people and was Guam's largest private-sector employer.[1] It operated 236 departures each week between 23 cities.[25]

Massachusetts-based Cape Air began services in the Mariana Islands under the Continental Connection banner on July 1, 2004. Soon afterward, Continental Micronesia eliminated most jet services to Saipan in favor of Cape Air's smaller-sized aircraft and increased frequency.^{[citation needed]}

In 2008, Continental Micronesia generated profits, operating a "niche" Guam-Honolulu route. In addition Japanese tourists, wanting to save money, decided to travel to locations closer to Japan for vacation, so Continental Micronesia gained Japanese passengers. As of that year the airline's annual payroll in Guam was $90 million ($113,272,025 when adjusted for inflation). Thirty percent of the airline's business came from its 4,300-mile island-hopper route, which began in Honolulu, made five stops and ended—14 hours and 10 minutes later—in Hagatna, Guam's capital city.[26]

In May 2008, expected subsequent military buildup and population growth could have led to an expansion of Continental Micronesia flights to and from Guam.[27] However, on June 12, 2008, Continental's announcement of cuts of services, routes and destinations due to high fuel prices[28][29] included termination of flights to Hong Kong (which has since resumed) and Bali. Also among the cuts is the termination of the Saipan-Manila flights on July 15 which is the last remaining Air Mike flight for Saipan, the airline's original hub 40 years ago.[30] According to an opinion columnist for of the Saipan Tribune, the “declared” reason for the cancellation of the Saipan-Manila route was the fact that NCLEX tests were now available in Manila, so Filipino nurses no longer had to travel to Saipan to take the test. Before the flight's cancellation, the flight also served medical referrals from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to Manila and non-USA visa alien contract workers who were unable to transit to their final destinations via Guam; the author opined that the alien workers “particularly were Air Micronesia’s captive audience.”[14] With only Continental Connection/Cape Air services left, Continental closed its Saipan city ticket office on the same day.[30]

In 2009, the company began operating nonstop service between Honolulu and Nadi, Fiji.[31]

2010 and beyond

The United-Continental merger resulted in the elimination of Continental Micronesia's operating certificate as the new entity worked towards a single air operator's certificate (SOC).[1] The combination of Continental Micronesia's operating certificate into Continental's was approved on December 22, 2010.[32]

United Airlines announced on March 22, 2017 that the "paper" merger would be completed on April 1, 2017 that would officially fold Continental Micronesia into United Airlines. It was previously a subsidiary of United Continental Holdings.[33]

Since then, flights to Micronesia are now directly operated by United Airlines.

Destinations

Beside providing transportation within Micronesia and between the region and the United States, Continental Micronesia flew to cities in Japan (the region's main source of tourists) and other Pacific Rim destinations.

The airline flew to nine Japanese cities, more than any other U.S. carrier.[34] The airline also operated a five stop "island-hopper" route between Honolulu and Guam. The 4,300-mile (6,900 km) route had an average duration of 14 hours and 10 minutes. Due to the special requirements of the route, each aircraft flying on this route houses an extra pilot, an extra flight attendant, a mechanic, and extra spare parts in case of a mechanical failure. Historically the airline received little competition on the "island-hopper" route. Continental Micronesia provided the only scheduled jet service in the Federated States of Micronesia and Majuro, Marshall Islands.[26] The airline's route network linked to the network of its parent company at Honolulu, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Houston, and Newark.[34]

Due to small island populations and the corresponding amount of passenger traffic, many of Continental Micronesia's routes were flown less than daily (some as infrequent as twice weekly). The only routes with daily flights were between Guam and Fukuoka, Honolulu, Manila, Nagoya, Palau, and Tokyo.

Fleet

As of early 2010, Continental Micronesia operated 12 Boeing 737 and 4 Boeing 767-400 aircraft (in Pacific Configuration) from Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport on Guam. The aircraft were all owned by Continental Airlines and were rotated to Continental Micronesia.[35]

Continental Micronesia Fleet, November 2011

Aircraft	In Service	Passengers			Notes
		F	Y	Total
Boeing 737-700	4	12	112	124	N13720 is painted in Star Alliance livery
Boeing 737-800	8	14	141	155
Boeing 767-400ER	4	20	236	256	All have rotated out to the U.S. mainland in favor of United's Boeing 777-200 (Domestic configuration) service.

Former fleet

• Boeing 747[36]
• Douglas DC-10[36]
• Boeing 727[36] - includes all-passenger Boeing 727-100 and 727-200 aircraft as well as Boeing 727-100 mixed passenger/freight Combi aircraft
• Boeing 757-200

Accidents and incidents

• On November 21, 1980, Air Micronesia Flight 614, operated by a Boeing 727-100C registered N18479, crashed while landing at Yap International Airport on the island of Yap in Micronesia. The aircraft landed heavily 13 feet (4 m) short of the airport's runway and the right landing gear was torn off. The Boeing 727 then slid along the runway, gradually veering off the side into the jungle. It stopped about 1,700 feet (520 m) from the touchdown point and a fire broke out which destroyed the aircraft. All of the 67 passengers and 6 crew members on board evacuated the burning aircraft and survived the accident.[37][38]^{[page needed]}

See also

• Continental Air Services, Inc
• List of defunct airlines of the United States

References

Bibliography

• Howard, Paul (November–December 1999). "Pioneering in the Trusts: Postwar Airline Pioneering in US Trust Territory". Air Enthusiast (84): 35–40. ISSN 0143-5450.

External links

• Continental Airlines (Archive) (1999-)
• Continental Micronesia (Archive, 1998-1999)
• Continental Micronesia (Archive, 1997-1998)
• Continental Airlines (Archive) (1997-1998)

На других языках

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[de] Continental Micronesia

Continental Micronesia (ursprünglich Air Micronesia) war eine US-amerikanische Fluggesellschaft mit Sitz auf Guam und Basis auf dem Flughafen Antonio B. Won Pat. Sie war eine Tochtergesellschaft der Continental Airlines, unter deren Lizenz zuletzt auch der Flugbetrieb durchgeführt wurde.

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- [en] Continental Micronesia

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[es] Continental Micronesia

Continental Micronesia, Inc. Fue una aerolínea filial de Continental Airlines. Efectúa vuelos diarios a Honolulú, así como vuelos internacionales a Asia, Micronesia y Australia desde su base de operaciones en el Aeropuerto Internacional Antonio B. Won Pat en Guam,[5] un territorio estadounidense en el oeste del Océano Pacífico. La aerolínea, una empresa de Delaware corporation,[6] tiene su base en Tamuning, Guam.[2]

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[fr] Continental Micronesia

Continental Micronesia était une compagnie aérienne américaine qui desservait la Micronésie. C'est au départ une filiale de Continental Airlines et elle partage désormais le Code AITA de sa maison-mère (auparavant CS). Elle fait partie d'United Airlines depuis mars 2012[1].

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[ru] Continental Micronesia

Continental Micronesia, Incorporated, действовавшая как Continental Micronesia — упразднённая дочерняя авиакомпания магистрального перевозчика США Continental Airlines, базировавшаяся в Международном аэропорту имени Антонио Вон Пата[5]. Штаб-квартира находилась в муниципалитете Тамунинг, островная территория США Гуам[3].

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