avia.wikisort.org - Engine

The Gnome 7 Omega (commonly called the Gnome 50 hp) is a French seven-cylinder, air-cooled aero engine produced by Gnome et Rhône.[2] It was shown at the Paris Aero Salon held in December 1908 and was first flown in 1909. It was the world's first[1] aviation rotary engine produced in quantity. Its introduction revolutionized the aviation industry[3] and it was used by many early aircraft. It produced 37 kW (50 hp) from its 8 L (490 cu in) engine capacity.[4] A Gnome Omega engine powers the 1912 Blackburn Monoplane, owned and operated by the Shuttleworth Collection, the oldest known airworthy British-designed aeroplane worldwide.[5] A two-row version of the same engine was also produced, known as the Gnome 14 Omega-Omega or Gnome 100 hp. The prototype Omega engine still exists, and is on display at the United States' National Air and Space Museum.[2]

Omega
Gnome 7 Omega on display at the Royal Air Force Museum London
Type	Rotary aero engine
Manufacturer	Société des Moteurs Gnome
First run	1908
Major applications	Blériot XI Bristol Boxkite
Number built	4,000 until 1914[1]

Like all early Gnome et Rhône engines the Omega featured a single pushrod driven exhaust valve on the cylinder head; the intake valve was located in the piston crown, opening by inertia on the downstroke and feeding the intake charge from the crankcase into the upper part of the cylinder. No throttle was provided, the pilot controlling his speed by switching off the ignition when necessary.

Variants

Gnome 7 Omega

Single-row 7-cyl. original version; 50 hp (37 kW).

Gnome 14 Omega-Omega

Two-row, 14-cylinder version using Omega cylinders; 100 hp (75 kW).

Applications

Gnome 7 Omega

Gnome 14 Omega-Omega

• Avro 501
• Blériot XIII
• Bleriot XXIII
• Bristol-Gordon England G.E.2
• Coventry Ordnance Works Biplane 10
• Deperdussin 1912 Racing Monoplane
• Nieuport IV.H floatplane
• Short S.41 Tractor Biplane
• Short S.57 Seaplane
• Short S.64 Folder Seaplane
• Short Admiralty Type 74

Engines on display

• The very first Gnome rotary engine ever built, Gnôme Omega No. 1, is on display at the National Air and Space Museum, Washington, D.C.[2]
• A preserved production Gnome 7 Omega engine is on public display at the Royal Air Force Museum London.
• A restored Omega is on display at the New England Air Museum, Windsor Locks, CT.[7]

Specifications (7 Omega)

Data from Lumsden.[4]

General characteristics

• Type: 7-cylinder, single-row, rotary engine
• Bore: 110 mm (4.3 in)
• Stroke: 120 mm (4.7 in)
• Displacement: 8 L (488.5 cu in)
• Length: 79 cm (31 in)
• Diameter: 84 cm (33 in)
• Dry weight: 75 kg (165 lb)

Components

• Valvetrain: pressure-driven inlet valves were located on the pistons[1]
• Oil system: Total loss, castor oil
• Cooling system: Air-cooled
• Reduction gear: Direct drive, right-hand tractor, left-hand pusher

Performance

• Power output: 37 kW (50 hp) at 1,200 rpm

See also

Comparable engines

• Clerget 7Z
• Le Rhône Type 7A
• Le Rhône Type 7B
• Le Rhône Type 7B2

Related lists

• List of aircraft engines

Footnotes

References

• Hurley, Nick (2018). "Gnome 7 Omega". New England Air Museum. Archived from the original on August 18, 2018. Retrieved Aug 17, 2018.
• Lumsden, Alec (2003). British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1853102946.
• Murphy, Justin D. (2005). Military aircraft, origins to 1918 : an illustrated history of their impact. Santa Barbara, Calif. [u.a.]: ABC-CLIO. pp. 32–33. ISBN 1-85109-488-1.
• Nahum, Andrew (1999). The rotary aero engine. London, UK: Science Museum. pp. 12–14. ISBN 1-900747-12-X.
• Schiere, J (1969) [1913]. "Aeroplanes & Dirigibles: Argentine". In Jane, Fred T. (ed.). Jane's All the World's Aircraft. Vol. 1913. New York, NY: Arco Publishing Company Inc. LCCN 69-14964. Retrieved Aug 17, 2018.
• Smithsonian Institution (2018). "Gnome Omega No. 1 Rotary Engine". National Air and Space Museum. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on July 10, 2018. Retrieved Aug 17, 2018.
• Shuttleworth (2018). "Blackburn Monoplane". Shuttleworth Collection. Archived from the original on August 19, 2018. Retrieved Aug 17, 2018.

Further reading

• Moteurs d'Aviation Gnome (PDF) (in French). 49, Rue Lafitte, Paris: Société Des Moteurs Gnome. 1910. Retrieved 19 June 2018.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

External links

• NASM's page on Gnome Omega No.1
• Video of April 2009 ground runup of a restored Gnome Omega in the USA

На других языках

---

[de] Gnome Omega

Der Gnome Omega 7 Zyl Sternmotor gehört zu den Pionieren der Flugtechnik.

---

- [en] Gnome Omega

---

[fr] Gnome Omega

Le Gnome 7 Omega (communément appelé le Gnome 50 HP) est un moteur d'avion français doté de sept cylindres refroidi par air et produit par Gnome et Rhône[1]. Il a été exposé au Salon de l'Aérospatiale de Paris en décembre 1908 et utilisé pour la première fois en 1909. Il s'agit du tout premier[2] moteur rotatif d'aviation produit en quantité. Son avènement a révolutionné l’industrie aéronautique[3] et il a été utilisé sur de nombreux aéronefs. Il développe 50 ch (37 kW) à partir d'une cylindrée de 8 l[4]. Un moteur Gnome Omega équipait le Blackburn Type D (en) de 1912, propriété de la Shuttleworth Collection (en), le plus ancien avion en état de navigabilité connu[5], de conception britannique. Une version à deux rangées du même moteur a également été produite, connue sous le nom de Gnome 14 Omega-Omega ou Gnome 100 HP. Le prototype du moteur Omega existe toujours et est exposé au National Air and Space Museum, aux États-Unis[1].

---

[it] Gnome Omega

Lo Gnome Omega era un motore aeronautico radiale rotativo a sette cilindri raffreddati ad aria, sviluppato dall'azienda francese Société Des Moteurs Gnome e prodotto dalla stessa e, dopo la sua fusione, dalla Gnome et Rhône negli anni dieci del XX secolo.

---

[ru] Гном Omega

Гном 7 Omega (также известен как Гном 50 л. с.) - французский 7-цилиндровый авиационный поршневой ротативный двигатель воздушного охлаждения. Первый в мире серийный авиационный ротативный двигатель. Разработан в 1907-1908 годах компанией Гном, серийный выпуск был начат в июле 1909 года.

---

---