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Typhon was a missile system developed by the United States Navy in the late 1950s, intended to serve as an integrated air-defense system for Navy fleets. Consisting of the SAM-N-8 Typhon LR, later designated RIM-50A, and the SAM-N-9 Typhon MR, later RIM-55A, paired with the AN/SPG-59 radar system, the cost and expense of the Typhon system led to it being cancelled in favor of the Standard Missile program.

RIM-50 Typhon LR
RIM-55 Typhon MR
Typhon LR on launcher
TypeLong range surface-to-air missile
Place of originUnited States
Service history
Used byUnited States Navy
Production history
ManufacturerBendix Corporation
Specifications (Typhon LR)
Mass1,700 lb (770 kg) without booster
3,620 lb (1,640 kg) with booster
Length15 ft 6 in (4.72 m) without booster
27 ft 7 in (8.41 m) with booster
Diameter16 in (410 mm) missile
18.5 in (470 mm) booster
Warhead150 lb (68 kg) high explosive
or W60 nuclear
Detonation
mechanism
proximity fuse

EngineBooster, solid-propellant rocket
Sustainer, Bendix ramjet
Wingspan3 ft 4 in (1.02 m) missile
5 ft 2 in (1.57 m) booster
Operational
range
200 nmi (230 mi; 370 km)
Flight ceiling95,000 ft (29,000 m)
Maximum speed Mach 4.0
Guidance
system
Inertial cruise; SARH terminal
ReferencesParsch 2001a[1]

Design and development


Development of Typhon was initiated in the late 1950s, as the existing Talos, Terrier, and Tartar ("3T") long-, medium-, and short-ranged missiles were considered to be approaching obsolescence;[2] in the event of a mass attack by Soviet bomber forces, the requirement for each missile to have its own dedicated target illuminator would lead to rapid saturation of the defensive system. The Typhon system, developed under a contract awarded to the Bendix Corporation, would overcome this through the use of the AN/SPG-59 electronically scanned array radar system, capable of tracking and engaging multiple targets simultaneously.[3]

The missile system to complement the radar was originally named Super Talos (long-range) and Super Tartar (short-range), but to avoid confusion with upgrades for the existing missiles was soon renamed Typhon.[1] Typhon LR, the only version of the Typhon missile system to be test-flown, was ramjet-powered and was capable of intercepting high-speed aircraft and missiles, engaging targets in the Mach 3–4 range at between 50 feet (15 m) to 95,000 feet (29,000 m) altitude and 6,000 yards (5,500 m) to 110 nautical miles (130 mi; 200 km) range; a secondary capability in the surface-to-surface role, capable of targeting enemy ships, was also included in the specification.[1] While primarily intended to be armed with a conventional high explosive warhead, Typhon LR was designed to be capable of carrying the W60 nuclear warhead.[4]

Typhon MR was designed to be capable of intercepting aircraft at between 50 feet (15 m) to 50,000 feet (15,000 m) in altitude and 3,000 yards (2,700 m) to 25 nautical miles (29 mi; 46 km) range, but had yet to enter testing before the Typhon project was cancelled.[5]


Operational history


In March 1961 the first test launches of the SAM-N-8 Typhon LR took place;[1] beginning in 1962, the test ship USS Norton Sound entered refit to install the Typhon Weapon Control System to allow at-sea tests to be undertaken.[6] However the expense of the Typhon system, combined with the technical issues encountered during development, meant that the program was cancelled in November 1963. The conversion of Norton Sound was allowed to be completed to provide test data,[7] the ship recommissioning in June 1964; following the tests the Typhon equipment was removed in July 1966.[6]

In lieu of Typhon, the U.S. Navy developed the Standard Missile family to provide air defense for the fleet, with the RIM-66 Standard and RIM-67 Standard ER missiles replacing Tartar and Terrier respectively.[1]


See also



References



Citations


  1. Parsch 2001a
  2. Senate Committee on Appropriations 1964, p. 521.
  3. Boslaugh 1999, p. 379.
  4. Polmar and Norris 2009, p. 224.
  5. Parsch 2001b
  6. DANFS 1970
  7. Boslaugh 1999, p.180.

Bibliography





На других языках


[de] RIM-50 Typhon LR

Die RIM-50 Typhon LR war eine Flugabwehrrakete der US-Navy, die nie über den Prototypstatus hinauskam. Sie wurde zunächst unter der Bezeichnung SAM-N-8 entwickelt und sollte die RIM-8 Talos ersetzen (weshalb die RIM-50 auch teilweise als „Super Talos“ bezeichnet wurde).
- [en] RIM-50 Typhon

[it] RIM-50 Typhon LR

Il RIM-50 Typhon LR era un missile terra-aria a lungo raggio, sviluppato per conto dell'US Navy a partire dalla fine degli anni cinquanta nell'ambito del sistema da combattimento Typhon. Nelle intenzioni dei vertici della marina, avrebbe dovuto sostituire il RIM-8 Talos: questo, tuttavia, non si verificò mai, a causa della cancellazione del sistema d'arma (e quindi del missile), nella prima metà degli anni sessanta.

[ru] RIM-50 Typhon LR

Бендикс RIM-50 Тифон LR (англ. Bendix RIM-50 Typhon Long Range, первоначально обозначалась SAM-N-8) — американский зенитно-ракетный комплекс, класса «корабль — воздух» большой дальности. Разрабатывался с 1958 года американской компанией «Бендикс» по заказу ВМС США как часть боевой системы «Тифон». Целью работ было создание многоканального зенитного комплекса, в состав которого входили РЛС AN/SPG-59 с фазированной антенной решёткой, мейнфреймы, а также пусковые установки для зенитных ракет большой и средней дальности. RIM-50 Typhon LR должен был заменить ЗРК большой дальности RIM-8 Talos. Испытания системы начались в 1961 году на борту судна «Нортон Саунд». В процессе испытаний выявилось большое количество технических проблем, что в сочетании в очень высокой стоимостью системы привело к закрытию программы в 1963 году. Вместо этого американский флот предпочёл развивать ЗУР семейства «Стандарт».



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