avia.wikisort.org - Weapon

The AIM-152 AAAM[1] was a long-range air-to-air missile developed by the United States. The program went through a protracted development stage but was never adopted by the United States Navy, due to the ending of the Cold War and the reduction in threat of its perceived primary target, Soviet supersonic bombers. Development was cancelled in 1992.

Overview

The AIM-152 originated in a U.S. Navy requirement for an advanced air-to-air missile to replace the AIM-54 Phoenix. By the mid-1980s the Phoenix was seen to be no longer cutting edge, and the Navy wanted a long range missile to counter the Soviet Tu-22M Backfire and Tu-160 Blackjack long-range supersonic bombers. The goal was to produce a weapon which was smaller and lighter than the Phoenix, with equal or better range and a flight speed of Mach 3 or more.

Some of the systems considered for the missile had already been evaluated by the China Lake Naval Weapons Center in the early 1980s as part of the Advanced Common Intercept Missile Demonstration (ACIMD) program. ACIMD missiles had been built but none had flown by the time the project was cancelled. In 1987, Hughes/Raytheon and General Dynamics/Westinghouse were selected to produce competing designs for the AIM-152.

The Hughes/Raytheon design was largely based on the ACIMD missile, with a hybrid ramjet/solid rocket engine which offered high speeds. The missile would use an inertial guidance system with terminal guidance provided by active radar homing - a mode of flight that would later be employed in the AIM-120 AMRAAM. An infrared terminal homing seeker was also planned, which would allow the missile to engage without any emissions which would alert the target.

The GD/Westinghouse design was even smaller, with a multiple-pulse pure solid rocket motor. It also had an inertial guidance system, but midcourse updating was provided via a dual-band semi-active radar. Terminal guidance was via an electro-optical sensor, with a backup infrared seeker also included. One flaw of semi-active radar homing is that the launch aircraft must illuminate the target with its radar during flight, meaning that it must fly towards the enemy and so expose itself to greater danger. GD/Westinghouse planned to avoid this by equipping the launching aircraft with a radar pod which could illuminate the target from both forward and aft, allowing it to turn and escape whilst still providing a target for the missile.

With the fall of the Soviet Union the threat from Russian bombers effectively ended, and since no other nation could match the previous threat the AAAM was left without an enemy to defend against. The project was cancelled in 1992, shortly after the YAIM-152A designation had been given to the two prototypes.

With the phasing out of the Phoenix missile the US Navy lost its long range AAM capability, relying instead on the medium range AIM-120 AMRAAM. Longer range versions of the AMRAAM are in development to restore some of this capability.

Specifications

(Note that the YAIM-152A missiles were never built, and as a result any specifications are speculative.)

Hughes/Raytheon :

• Length: 3.66 m (12 ft)
• Diameter: 231 mm (9 in)
• Weight: < 300 kg (660 lb)
• Speed: > Mach 3
• Range: > 185 km (115 miles) (100 nm)
• Propulsion: Rocket/ramjet engine
• Warhead: 14 to 23 kg (30 to 50 lb) blast-fragmentation

GD/Westinghouse :

• Length: 3.66 m (12 ft)
• Diameter: 140 mm (5.5 in)
• Weight: 172 kg (380 lb)
• Speed: > Mach 3
• Range: > 185 km (100 nm) (115 miles)
• Propulsion: Multiple-pulse solid-propellant rocket
• Warhead: 14 to 23 kg (30 to 50 lb) blast-fragmentation

See also

• FMRAAM
• Meteor (missile)
• R-37 (missile)
• K-100 (missile)
• PL-21

References

This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2017)

External links

• AIM-152 AAAM - Designation Systems

На других языках

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[de] AIM-152 AAAM

Die AIM-152 AAAM (kurz für Advanced Air-Air-Missile, „fortschrittliche Luft-Luft-Rakete“) war eine nur auf dem Papier existierende Luft-Luft-Rakete der Streitkräfte der Vereinigten Staaten. Sie war als Nachfolger der seit 1974 genutzten AIM-54 Phoenix konzipiert. Die von 1982 bis 1992 dauernde Entwicklung wurde nach Beendigung des Kalten Krieges vorzeitig eingestellt und die AIM-54 letztlich durch die AIM-120 abgelöst.

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- [en] AIM-152 AAAM

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[it] AIM-152 AAAM

L'AIM-152 AAAM (Advanced Air-to-Air Missile) era un missile aria-aria a lungo raggio richiesto dalla US Navy per rimpiazzare l'AIM-54 Phoenix agli inizi degli anni ottanta. La fine della guerra fredda fece sì che non venne prodotto nemmeno un prototipo di questo missile, la cui designazione non ufficiale AIM-152 deriva dal nome assegnato ai prototipi che avrebbero dovuto essere costruiti, cioè YAIM-152.[2]

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[ru] AIM-152 AAAM

AAAM ([eɪ em] чит. «Эй-эм», акр. Advanced Air-to-Air Missile, также именуемая «А» в кубе-«Эм»,[К 1] войсковой индекс — AIM-152) — американская управляемая ракета класса «воздух—воздух» сверхбольшой дальности. Предназначалась для борьбы с советскими сверхзвуковыми стратегическими ракетоносцами-бомбардировщиками Ту-22М и Ту-160. Разрабатывалась на конкурсной основе двумя группами компаний по заказу ВМС США для оснащения ею самолётов палубной авиации флота[3]. Основными тактико-техническими требованиями к разрабатываемой ракете были увеличенные в полтора-два раза по сравнению с уже имеющимися на вооружении ракетами большой дальности AIM-54 Phoenix досягаемость по высоте и дальности до цели, при вдвое меньшей массе, чтобы палубный истребитель-перехватчик F-14 Tomcat мог брать с собой на дежурство восемь ракет AIM-152, вместо четырёх AIM-54[4]. На момент начала стадии опытно-конструкторских работ в октябре 1988 года, перевооружение планировалось провести к середине 1990-х гг.[5] Потенциальный заказ флота предусматривал закупку в перспективе серийной партии до 4 тыс. ракет[4]. Закупочная стоимость одной ракеты составляла $950 тыс. в ценах на момент (что почти вдвое превышало стоимость AIM-54 Phoenix, составлявшую $480 тыс.)[1]. Приоритетность разрабатываемой ракеты для флота подчёркивалась тем, что ради продолжения ОКР было прекращено финансирование флотом параллельно идущих проектов разработки усовершенствованных моделей УРВВ AIM-54C Phoenix[6] и AIM-9R Sidewinder с отказом от закупок 6 тыс. ИК ГСН указанной модели для переоборудования уже имеющихся ракет[7]. Тем не менее, в связи с распадом СССР проект был свёрнут за ненадобностью[3] (официально «в связи с изменившейся обстановкой в мире»).[8]

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