avia.wikisort.org - AerodromeEschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin.
Eschwege Airfield (R-11) Fliegerhorst Eschwege
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Coordinates | 51°11′55″N 010°01′27″E |
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Type | Military airfield |
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Built | 1937 |
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Built by | Luftwaffe |
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In use | 1937-1945 (Luftwaffe) 1945-1946 (United States Army Air Forces) |
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Fliegerhorst Eschwege was used during World War II by the German Luftwaffe as a transport and support airfield. It was seized in early April 1945 by the United States Army and used as a Ninth Air Force combat airfield until the end of the war in Europe. It was closed in January 1946 and was used as a displaced persons camp until 1949.
The airfield/camp was subsequently dismantled and the facility redeveloped into an industrial area.
History
Eschwege was opened as a Luftwaffe airfield in 1937 as a Junkers Ju 52 transport airfield, with Kampfgeschwader 25 (KG 25) being formed at the airfield in April 1937. The airfield was used as a transport and support airfield throughout World War II, with numerous Luftwaffe ground units being formed there and then moved to combat assignments elsewhere.[1]
The airfield was captured by United States Army forces in early April 1945. The IX Engineering Command 825th Engineering Aviation Brigade moved in about 6 April and cleared mines and other wreckage from the field, declaring it operationally ready for Allied combat aircraft on 7 April. It was designated as Advanced Landing Ground "R-11 Eschwege".[2] The Ninth Air Force 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group moved in on 10 April and remained until July, flying photo-reconnaissance missions from the airfield using a variety of aircraft.[3][4]
After the end of the war, the airfield was turned over to Air Technical Service Command, and became a facility for the scrapping of captured Luftwaffe aircraft and other German military equipment. It was closed at the end of 1945.[5]
It became a displaced persons (DP) camp in January 1946, housing approximately 1,770 Jews at the time of its opening. At its peak, on October 19, 1946, Eschwege housed roughly 3,355 Jews. The camp closed on April 26, 1949.[6]
Today the site is an industrial area, with some of the original structures still remaining.[7]
See also
World War II portal
References
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website https://www.afhra.af.mil/.
- The Luftwaffe, 1933-45
- "IX Engineer Command ETO Airfields, Airfield Layout". Archived from the original on 2019-06-09. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
- Johnson, David C. (1988), U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO), D-Day to V-E Day; Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.
- USAFHRA Document Search - Eschwege
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum - Eschwege
- Fliegerhorste.de - Eschwege (German), site retrieved August 19, 2012.
External links
 USAAF Ninth Air Force in World War II |
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Stations | Palestine (Mand) | |
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Egypt | |
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Libya | |
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Tunisia | |
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United Kingdom | |
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Europe | |
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Units | Commands |
- 9th Air Division (was IX Bomber Command)
- IX Air Defense
- IX Fighter
- IX Tactical Air
- IX Troop Carrier
- XIX Tactical Air
- XXIX Tactical Air
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Wings | Bombardment |
- 97th Bombardment
- 98th Bombardment
- 99th Bombardment
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Fighter |
- 8th Fighter
- 9th Fighter
- 70th Fighter
- 71st Fighter
- 84th Fighter
- 100th Fighter
- 303d Fighter
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Troop carrier | |
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Groups | Bombardment |
- 12th Bombardment
- 98th Bombardment
- 322d Bombardment
- 323d Bombardment Group
- 340th Bombardment Group
- 344th Bombardment Group
- 376th Bombardment
- 386th Bombardment
- 387th Bombardment
- 391st Bombardment
- 394th Bombardment
- 397th Bombardment
- 409th Bombardment
- 410th Bombardment
- 416th Bombardment
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Fighter | |
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Troop carrier |
- 61st Troop Carrier
- 64th Troop Carrier
- 313th Troop Carrier
- 314th Troop Carrier
- 315th Troop Carrier
- 316th Troop Carrier
- 349th Troop Carrier
- 434th Troop Carrier
- 435th Troop Carrier
- 436th Troop Carrier
- 437th Troop Carrier
- 438th Troop Carrier
- 439th Troop Carrier
- 440th Troop Carrier
- 441st Troop Carrier
- 442d Troop Carrier
- IX Troop Carrier Pathfinder (Provisional)
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Reconnaissance |
- 10th Reconnaissance
- 67th Reconnaissance
- 69th Reconnaissance
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Squadrons | Liaison |
- 14th Liaison
- 47th Liaison
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Night fighter | |
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- United States Army Air Forces
- First
- Second
- Third
- Fourth
- Fifth
- Sixth
- Seventh
- Eighth
- Ninth
- Tenth
- Eleventh
- Twelfth
- Thirteenth
- Fourteenth
- Fifteenth
- Twentieth
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На других языках
[de] Fliegerhorst Eschwege
Der Fliegerhorst Eschwege war eine im Zuge der Aufrüstung im Dritten Reich 1935/36 gebaute militärische Einrichtung der Luftwaffe der Wehrmacht bei der nordhessischen Stadt Eschwege. Das Areal wird heute als Gewerbegebiet genutzt, wird von Einheimischen aber noch immer „Flugplatz“ genannt. Die Anlage ist nicht zu verwechseln mit dem Flugplatz Stauffenbühl, der nach dem Krieg südlich von Eschwege für Segelflieger eingerichtet wurde.
- [en] Eschwege Airfield
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