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Nyoma[lower-alpha 1] is a principal village of southern Ladakh in India, the headquarters of an eponymous subdivision, tehsil and community development block in the Leh district.[4][5] It is located on the bank of the Indus river, after its 90-degree bend near Dungti and before the valley narrows to a gorge near Mahe. A Buddhist monastery ("gompa") is located on the hill at the back of the village.

Nyoma Nyama, Neoma
Village
Nyoma's setting as seen from the gompa (Buddhist monastery)
Nyoma Location in Ladakh Show map of Ladakh Nyoma Nyoma (India) Show map of India
Coordinates: 33.2059163°N 78.6483843°E / 33.2059163; 78.6483843
Country	India
Union territory	Ladakh
District	Leh
Tehsil	Nyoma
Elevation	4,180 m (13,710 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	918
Languages
• Official	Hindi, English
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	194404
2011 census code	901

The Nyoma tehsil and subdivision cover the entire southern Ladakh, including the Rupshu plains, the Hanle valley and the Indus valley of Skakjung.

Military facilities

Nyoma Airbase

Indian Military has an operational airbase at Nyoma. In 2022, the airbase received Wildlife Board's forests clearance for expansion in 508 hectares land inside Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary.[6]

Field Firing Range

Nearby Mahe has Indian Military's "Mahe Field Firing Range" (MFFR) on 1259.25 hectares land inside the Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary. Firing range is 40 to 50 km from the disputed India-China Line of Actual Control. This is the one of its type firing range in the entire Indian-held Ladakh region where all types of weapons can be fired.[7]

Fiber optical cable for internet & telephony

In 2022, wildlife clearance was also granted for laying optical fiber cables in the Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary and Karakoram Wildlife Sanctuary for the internet and telephony connectivity.[7]

Location and geography

The Indus river after its entry into Ladakh flows in a southwesterly direction through a wide valley. Afterwards, it takes a 90-degree bend at Dungti blocked by the higher ground of the Chushul valley. The village of Nyoma lies 33 km west of the bend on the right bank (northern bank), where it is also coupled with another neighbouring village Mood (or Mud or Mad). The Indus river here is said to be wide and shallow. It could be easily forded.[1][8]

Nyoma is located 41 km southeast of Chumathang,[9] and 87 km south of Chushul. Nearby villages are Mahe and Loma. Hanle, the largest village in southern Ladakh, is 80  km to the southeast. Mount Sajum on the border with China is 43 km to the east.[lower-alpha 2]

Border infrastructure

The Nyoma tehsil borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China on the south and the east. The southern border runs along the Chumar village in Rupshu and the Imis Pass at the end of the Hanle valley. The eastern border, a Line of Actual Control resulting from the 1962 war with China, runs along the Kailash Range watershed of the Indus river till the village of Dumchele and narrows to the right bank of the Indus river up to Demchok. The border in the Demchok sector remains disputed.

Nyoma is home to an Advanced Landing Ground of Indian Airforce, which was first built in 1962. It was reactivated in 2009 when an An-32 landed in this airfield.[2]

The road from Leh runs till the village of Koyul, crossing the Indus river at Loma. From Koyul to Demchok, there is only a rough track. An alternative border road runs between the Koyul Lungpa valley and Demchok via the Umling La pass.[10][11] Roads infrastructure this area is being enhanced under the India-China Border Roads projects.

Tourism

Since 2010, foreign tourists with Inner Line Permits are permitted to visit Nyoma and its monastery.

Civil administration

Nyoma subdivision

The permanent civilian habitations under the administration of the Nyoma Community Development Block (district subdivision) include villages like Nayoma, Hanle, Koyul, Demchok, Tsaga, Mudh, Rongo, Nyedar, etc.[12]

Nyoma village

Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Nyoma has 202 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 49.94%.[13]

Demographics (2011 census)[13]

	Total	Male	Female
Population	918	427	491
Children aged below 6 years	125	63	62
Scheduled caste	2	0	2
Scheduled tribe	707	329	378
Literates	396	198	198
Workers (all)	345	212	133
Main workers (total)	160	100	60
Main workers: Cultivators	40	28	12
Main workers: Agricultural labourers	6	1	5
Main workers: Household industry workers	5	4	1
Main workers: Other	109	67	42
Marginal workers (total)	185	112	73
Marginal workers: Cultivators	13	9	4
Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers	119	68	51
Marginal workers: Household industry workers	4	0	4
Marginal workers: Others	49	35	14
Non-workers	573	215	358

See also

• India-China Border Roads
• Line of Actual Control
• List of disputed territories of India

Notes

References

Bibliography

• Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak, Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, 1890
• Drew, Frederic (1875), The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account, E. Stanford – via archive.org

External links

Media related to Nyoma at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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- [en] Nyoma

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[ru] Ньома

Ньома Рап или Няма (произносится Неома) — город в округе Лех, Ладакх в северной Индии[1].

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