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The Antonov An-26 (NATO reporting name: Curl) is a twin-engined turboprop civilian and military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the Soviet Union from 1969 to 1986.[2]

An-26
An-26 of the Serbian Air Force
Role Transport aircraft
National origin Soviet Union
Design group Antonov
First flight 21 May 1969[1]
Introduction 1970
Status Operational
Primary users Soviet Air Forces
Russian Air Force
Pakistan Air Force
Vietnam People's Air Force
Produced 1969–1986
Number built 1,403
Developed from Antonov An-24
Variants Antonov An-32

Development


While the An-24T tactical transport had proved successful in supporting Soviet troops in austere locations, its ventral loading hatch restricted the handling of cargo, and in particular vehicles, and made it less effective than hoped in parachuting men and supplies.[3] As a result, interest in a version with a retractable cargo ramp increased, and the Antonov design bureau decided in 1966 to begin development on the new An-26 derivative, in advance of an official order. The cargo ramp was based on that design and allowed the cargo deck to be sealed and pressurised in flight. When loading cargo, it could either be lowered to allow vehicles to be driven in, or slid beneath the aircraft's fuselage, so that cargo could be loaded straight in off a truck bed. In March 1968, the OKB received official permission to begin development.[4] Particular attention was given to the military mission, and the majority of early An-26 production was delivered to the VTA (voyenno-transportnaya aviatsiya).[2]

Using the majority of the An-24 airframe, it has high-set cantilevered wings, wing-mounted twin turboprops with a turbojet engine in the starboard nacelle for use as an auxiliary power unit and also for extra take-off thrust, plus long main undercarriage legs. The An-26 includes military equipment, such as tip-up paratroop canvas seats, an overhead traveling hoist, bulged observation windows and parachute static line attachment cables. It can be configured in 20-30 minutes from the troop transport or freight mission to the medical evacuation role with up to 24 stretchers fitted.[5]

The An-26 made its public debut at the 27th Paris Air Show at Le Bourget where the second prototype, CCCP-26184 (c/n00202), was shown in the static aircraft park.[citation needed]

The An-26 is also manufactured without a license agreement[6] in China by the Xian Aircraft factory as the Y-14, later changed to be included in the Xian Y7 series.[6]


Total production


Total Production[7]198619851984198319821981198019791978197719761975197419731972197119701969
115915333547786125149130103997762353621144

Operational history


The An-26 has a secondary bomber role with underwing bomb racks. The racks are attached to the fuselage in front of and behind the rear landing gear. In the bombing role it was extensively used by the Vietnam People's Air Force during the Cambodian–Vietnamese War and Sudanese Air Force during the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur.[8] Russian Forces have also trained with the An-26 as a bomber.[9]

One An-26 was involved in the Purulia Incident in 1995 in which arms were dropped in the Purulia district of West Bengal, India. The reason behind the drop is not disclosed to the public due to national security.[3]


Variants


An-26 cargo cabin
An-26 cargo cabin
CAAC Antonov An-26 at China Aviation Museum, Beijing
CAAC Antonov An-26 at China Aviation Museum, Beijing
An-26
"Curl-A" : Twin-engine tactical transport aircraft.[10]
An-26-100
Convertible passenger/cargo aircraft modified from An-26 aircraft at the Kyiv plant from 1999.[11]
An-26 Nel'mo
An arctic surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft retrofitted with Nel'mo equipment.[12]
An-26 Pogoda
(Weather) Another aircraft for weather control duties, similar to the An-26 Tsiklon, with a simplified equipment test lab.[13]
An-26 Polyot
(Flight) A single aircraft retrofitted for the purpose of research of unified air traffic control and monitoring system throughout the USSR, with a comprehensive navigation test lab including precision compasses and Doppler speed/shift sensors.[14]
An-26 Sfera
(Sphere) A single production aircraft built as a laboratory for atmospheric research.[13]
An-26 Shtabnoy
(Shtab: or Headquarters) some An-26s delivered to the Soviet and DDR air forces for use as staff transports/mobile command posts.[15]
An-26 Vita
An-26 Vita
An-26 Vitauk
(Life) A single mobile operating room, surgery and intensive care unit ('25 Blue', c/n5406), for the Ukrainian Air Force.[13]
An-26A
A one-off assault transport prototype with higher performance due to removal of some military equipment.[16]
An-26ASLK
(Avtomatizirovannaya sistema lyotnogo kontrolya – automated flight control and monitoring system) : A modern flight control and monitoring system equipped with automatic calibration and navigation systems. Recognizable by the distinctive pod low on the forward fuselage side.[12]
An-26B
A civil cargo version equipped with roller gangsways which can be swung up against the cabin walls when not in use. It was also equipped with two ZMDB Progress (Ivchyenko) Al-24VT turboprop powerplants to deliver higher thrust.[17]
An-26B
The prototype An-26B retrofitted as a mobile civilian emergency hospital.[17]
An-26B Tsiklon
(Cyclone) A weather research/control and cloud-seeding aircraft for the Central Aerologic Laboratory. This aircraft was used for rain induction and protection using cloud-seeding chemicals dropped from slab-sided pods hung from pylons.[13]
An-26B-100
Convertible passenger/cargo aircraft modified from An-26B aircraft at the Kyiv plant from 1999.[11]
An-26BL
Alternative designation for the An-26L.[12]
An-26BRL
Alternative designation of the An-26RL Arctic surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft.[12]
An-26D
(Dal'niy – long-range) An extended range version with extra fuel in wing tanks and additional external tanks attached to the airframe of the fuselage. One aircraft ('21 Yellow', c/n 13806) was retrofitted and delivered, but no further orders were forthcoming.[18]
An-26K Kaira
(Great Auk) A single An-26 aircraft converted to a Kaira test airframe for the development of airborne Laser guided systems.[14]
An-26K Kaplya
(Drop [of liquid]) After completion of the laser designator trials the An-26K Kaira was retrofitted to search or optically guided weapons as the navigation systems. During a night test flight at low level, in March 1989, the An-26K Kaplya suffered a massive bird strike, which consequently destroyed the windshield and injured the pilot, who involuntarily downed the aircraft into the Azov Sea.[14]
An-26KPA
(Kontrol'no-Poverochnaya Apparatura – Testing and calibration equipment) : A navigation aids inspecting aircraft with comprehensive navigation equipment and calibration equipment.[19]
An-26L
A single An-26, (14 Orange, c/n 00607), used at Sperenberg Airfield near Berlin, for airfield and NAVAID calibration.[12]
An-26LL-PLO
(Letayuschaya Laboratoriya – Protivolodochnoy Oborony – ASW (Anti-Submarine Warfare) testbed) : A single An-26A aircraft, (c/n 0901), retrofitted and modified to accommodate range of sophisticated laboratory for surveillance systems, detecting and tracking stealthy nuclear submarines.[13]
An-26LP
Firefighting version. At least 9 converted.[17]
An-26M Spasatel
(Rescue worker) Flying hospital with an emergency surgery facility. Two converted.[20]
An-26P
(Protivopozharnyy – firefighting) : Aircraft fire-bomber, retrofitted with water tanks in pods on either side of the lower fuselage, which could be substituted for dispensers for silver iodide flares for rainmaking. At least 5 converted.[21]
An-26P Prozhektor
(Projector or Searchlight) A single conversion of an An-26 as a guided missile system airframe.[22]
An-26REP
(Rahdioelektronnoye protivodeystviye – ECM (Electronic Counter-Measures) ) : Electronic countermeasures aircraft fitted with active jammers in cylindrical pods on either side of the lower fuselage sides, as well as chaff and I/R flares for self-defense. One built but did not enter service.[23]
An-26RL
(Razvedchik Ledovyy – An arctic surveillance, reconnaissance and monitoring) : An arctic surveillance, reconnaissance and monitoring aircraft used to monitor the icebergs and ice formations at arctic circle fitted with SLAR (Sideways Looking Airborne Radar) in long pods on either side of the lower fuselage, extra fuel in a cargo hold fuel tank, provision for surveyors and radar operators.[12]
An-26RR
Alternative unit designation of the An-26RT ELINT(ELectronic INTelligence) aircraft.[24]
An-26RT
"Curl-B": (First use of the designation) A basic designation for a series of ELINT aircraft fitted with a wide range of electromagnetic surveillance equipment. At least one aircraft, (tactical code '152'), retrofitted with the Tarahn (Ramming Attack) ELINT suite for use in Afghanistan.[24]
An-26RT
(Retranslyator – Interpreter -Translator): (Substitute of designation) Battlefield communications relay aircraft, fitted with powerful Inzheer (Fig) radio relay system, for connecting forward units to headquarters units. 42 built.[25]
An-26RTR
Alternative unit designation of the An-26RT ELINT aircraft.[24]
An-26S
(Salon – [VIP] Lounge) : A new VIP Lounge aircraft for the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense delivered about 1997.[11]
An-26Sh
(Shturmanskiy – Navigator) : Navigator trainer for the VVS, 36 built at Kyiv.[24]

Non-USSR /-Ukrainian versions


DDR An-26SM 369, later German Air Force 52+09, at the Museum Berlin-Gatow.
DDR An-26SM "369", later German Air Force "52+09", at the Museum Berlin-Gatow.
An-26SM
One aircraft modified as an ELINT aircraft for the East German Air Force.[26]
An-26M
One aircraft modified for NAVAID calibration and flight monitoring for the East German Air Force and transferred to the post-unification German Air Force.[27]
An-26ST
East German designation for An-26s used as staff transports.[15]
An-26T
Unofficial East German designation for An-26s operated by Transportfliegerstaffel 24 (transport squadron 24).[16]
An-26Z-1
Czechoslovakian ELINT conversion of one aircraft for ELINT duties.[28]
Xian Y-7H
Military transport version. Chinese production version.[6]
Xian Y-14
Initial designation of the An-26 copy, later changed to 'Y-7H' (Hao – cargo).[6]

Operators



Military operators


Map with military An-26 operators in blue, and former military An-26 operators in red
Map with military An-26 operators in blue, and former military An-26 operators in red
Russian An-26 intercepted by a British Typhoon over the Baltics in July 2015
Russian An-26 intercepted by a British Typhoon over the Baltics in July 2015
Ukrainian An-26B in Portugal
Ukrainian An-26B in Portugal
Slovak Air Force An-26 at Farnborough Airshow, 2008
Slovak Air Force An-26 at Farnborough Airshow, 2008
Russian Air Force Antonov An-26
Russian Air Force Antonov An-26
Vietnam People's Air Force Antonov An-26
Vietnam People's Air Force Antonov An-26
 Angola
 Belarus
 Cape Verde
 Chad
 China
 Cuba
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Ethiopia
 Ivory Coast
 Kazakhstan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
 Libya
 Madagascar
 Moldova
 Mozambique
 Namibia
 Nicaragua
 Puntland
 Romania
 Russia
 Serbia
 Sudan
 Syria
 Transnistria
 Ukraine
 Uzbekistan
 Yemen

Former military operators

 Afghanistan
 Bangladesh
 Benin
 Bulgaria
 Cambodia
An-26 of the Czech Air Force
An-26 of the Czech Air Force
 Republic of the Congo
 Czechoslovakia
 East Germany
 Germany
 Guinea-Bissau
 Hungary
Hungarian Air Force Antonov An-26 departs RIAT at RAF Fairford, England
Hungarian Air Force Antonov An-26 departs RIAT at RAF Fairford, England
 Iraq
An-26 of the Lithuanian Air Force (now retired)
An-26 of the Lithuanian Air Force (now retired)
 Lithuania
 Madagascar
 Mali
 Mongolia
 Niger
 North Yemen
 Pakistan
 Peru
An-26 of the Polish Air Force (Operated before 2009, now retired)
An-26 of the Polish Air Force (Operated before 2009, now retired)
 Poland
 Slovakia
 Somalia
 South Yemen
 Soviet Union
 Tanzania
 Turkmenistan
 United States

 Vietnam

 Yugoslavia
 Zambia

Civil operators


UTair Cargo An-26 at Pulkovo Airport
UTair Cargo An-26 at Pulkovo Airport
Polar Airlines An-26-100 at Yakutsk Airport
Polar Airlines An-26-100 at Yakutsk Airport
RAF-Avia An-26B at Birmingham Airport
RAF-Avia An-26B at Birmingham Airport
 Belarus
 Bulgaria
 Colombia
 Cuba
 Denmark
 Hungary
 Latvia
 Moldova
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Russia
 Sudan
 Tajikistan
 Ukraine
 Venezuela
AN-26 operators within Aeroflot and post break-up Commonwealth of Independent States (data from[78])
UGA – (Upravleniye Grazhdanskoy Aviatsii – Civil Aviation Directorate) OAO – (Otdel'nyy Aviaotryad – independent flight detachment) LO – (Lyvotnyy Otryad – flight squad) / Aviaeskadril'ya – squadrons) Home Base CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) Airline)
Azerbaijan Baku 360th / 1st & 3rd squadrons Baku-Bina AZAL (no An-26s)
Belarusian Gomel' 105th / 2nd squadron Gomel' Gomel'avia
1st Minsk 353rd / 2nd Squadron Minsk-Loshitsa (Minsk-1) Belavia;Minsk-Avia
Central Regions Bykovo 61st / 4th Squadron Moscow-Bykovo Bykovo Avia
Kursk Kursk Kurskavia
Tula 294th Tula Tula Air Enterprise
East Siberian Chita 136th / 1st Squadron Chita Chita Avia
Irkutsk 134th Irkutsk-1 Baikal Airlines
Far Eastern 1st Khabarovsk 289th Khabarovsk Dalavia Far East Airlines Khabarovsk
Kamchatka CAPA / Petropavlovsk Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Enterprise
Sakhalin CAPA / Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk UAD 147th Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk / Khomutvo Sakhalinskiye Aviatrassy
Komi Pechora Pechora Komiavia;Komiinteravia
Krasnoyarsk Igarka 251st Igarka
2nd Krasnoyarsk 126th Krasnoyarsk-Severnyy Kras Air
Khatanga 221st / 2nd Squadron Khatanga
Leningrad 2nd Leningrad 70th / 2nd Squadron Leningrad-Rzhevka Rzhevka Air Enterprise
Pskov 320th / 2nd Squadron Pskov Pskov Avia
Lithuanian Vilnius 277th Vilnius Lithuanian Airlines*
Magadan Anadyr' 150th / 2nd Squadron Anadyr'-Ugol'nyy Chukotavia
1st Magadan 185th Magadan-Sokol Kolyma-Avia
Seymchan Seymchan NW Aerial Forestry Protection Base
Moldavian Kishinyov 407th Kishinyov Air Moldova
North Caucasian Krasnodar 241st Krasnodar ALK Kuban Airlines
1st Krasnodar 406th Krasnodar
Tajik Leninabad 292nd / 2nd Squadron Leninabad
Training Establishments Directorate KVLUGA (Kirovograd Civil Aviation Higher Flying School) Kirovograd Ukraine State Flight Academy
Turkmen Krasnovodsk 360th Krasnovodsk Turkmenistan Airlines/Khazar
Tyumen' Salekhard 234th / 5th Squadron Salekhard
2ndTyumen' 357th Tyumen'-Roschchino Tyumen'AviaTrans (UTair)
Ukrainian Dnipropetrovsk 327th Dnipropetrovsk-Volos'kie Dniproavia
Kirovograd Kirovograd-Khmelyovoye Air URGA
Simferopol 84th Simferopol Aviakompaniya Krym / Crimea AL
Urals Izhevsk Izhevsk Izhavia
Magnitogorsk Magnitogorsk Magnitogorsk Air Enterprise
1st Perm' Perm'-Bolshoye Savino Perm Airlines
1st Sverdlovsk Sverdlovsk-Kol'tsovo Ural Airlines [Yekaterinburg]
Volga Penza 396th Penza Penza Air Enterprise
Saransk Saransk Saransk Air Enterprise
West Siberian Barnaul 341st Barnaul Barnaul Air Enterprise
Kemerovo 196th Kemerovo
Novokuznetsk 184th Novokuznetsk Aerokuznetsk
Omsk 365th Omsk Omsk-Avia
Tolmachevo 448th Novosibirsk-Tolmachevo Sibir'
Tomsk 119th Tomsk Tomsk Avia
Yakutian Kolyma-Indigirka Cherskiy?
Mirnyy 190th Mirnyy Almazy Rossii – Sakha (Alrosa)
Yakutsk 139th / 3rd Squadron Yakutsk
GosNII GVF (Gosudarstvenny Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut Grazdahnskovo Vozdushnovo Flota – state scientific test institute for civil air fleet) Moscow - Sheremet'yevo-1

*note: Lithuania was not a CIS country.


Accidents and incidents


Sudan Air Force Antonov An-26-100 crash-landed in 1997 at the airstrip of Gogrial. The plane was hit by SPLA-fire and had to make an emergency landing.
Sudan Air Force Antonov An-26-100 crash-landed in 1997 at the airstrip of Gogrial. The plane was hit by SPLA-fire and had to make an emergency landing.

1970s



1980s



1990s



2000s



2010s



2020s



Aircraft on display


An-26 52+09 at Berlin-Gatow
An-26 "52+09" at Berlin-Gatow
Former Lithuanian Air Force An-26B in early 1990's paintscheme, Kaunas Aleksotas (EYKS) airfield
Former Lithuanian Air Force An-26B in early 1990's paintscheme, Kaunas Aleksotas (EYKS) airfield

Specifications


Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89[184]

General characteristics

Performance


See also


Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists


References



Citations


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  4. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, pp. 41–42
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  12. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, p. 53
  13. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, p. 55
  14. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, p. 56
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  16. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, p. 48
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  21. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, pp. 51–52
  22. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, pp. 55–56
  23. Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2003, p. 50
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Bibliography




Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antonov An-26.

На других языках

[de] Antonow An-26

Die Antonow An-26 (NATO-Bezeichnung: Curl) ist ein vorrangig für den militärischen Einsatz entwickelter taktischer Kampfzonentransporter des ukrainischen (ehemals sowjetischen) Konstruktionsbüros O. K. Antonow aus den 1960er-Jahren. Sie basiert auf der primär für zivile Transportaufgaben entworfenen Antonow An-24.
- [en] Antonov An-26

[fr] Antonov An-26

L'Antonov An-26 (code OTAN Curl) est un avion moyen-courrier biturbopropulseur produit par le constructeur soviétique Antonov entre 1968 et 1985.

[it] Antonov An-26

L'Antonov An-26 (in cirillico Антонов Ан-26, nome in codice NATO Curl)[2] è un bimotore a turboelica da trasporto leggero ad ala dritta progettato dall'OKB 153 diretto da Oleg Konstantinovič Antonov e sviluppato in Unione Sovietica negli anni settanta.

[ru] Ан-26

Ан-26 (по кодификации НАТО: Curl  журавль) — военно-транспортный самолёт, разработанный в КБ Антонов, модификация исходной модели Ан-24. Ан-26 оснащён двумя турбовинтовыми двигателями АИ-24ВТ и одним дополнительным реактивным РУ-19А-300, установленным в правой гондоле основного двигателя. Благодаря большой ширине проёма грузового люка (2,4 м) и установке специальной трап-створки возможна удобная погрузка как с земли, так и из кузова автомобиля, что значительно ускоряет и облегчает погрузочно-разгрузочные работы. Самый многочисленный самолёт своего класса.[источник не указан 58 дней][где?]


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