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The Mitsubishi F-1 is a Japanese swept-wing, single-seat, twin-engine supersonic strike aircraft that was in service with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) from 1978 to 2006. It was Japan's first domestically designed and built supersonic combat aircraft, jointly developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. It is essentially a T-2 trainer airframe modified for a dedicated anti-ship and ground attack role.

F-1
F-1 at Misawa Base (1994)
Role Attack aircraft
Manufacturer Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
First flight 3 June 1975
Introduction April 1978
Retired March 2006
Primary user Japan Air Self Defense Force
Produced 1975–1987
Number built 77
Developed from Mitsubishi T-2

Design and development


F-1 at Tsuiki AB, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan (2004)
F-1 at Tsuiki AB, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan (2004)

In the mid 1960s, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) commenced studies into an advanced jet trainer which could also be modified to serve in the ground attack and anti-shipping roles. After considering license production of the T-38 Talon and SEPECAT Jaguar, Japan decided to develop its own trainer, the supersonic Mitsubishi T-2, this first flying on 20 July 1971. Cost over-runs in the T-2 program led to the proposed single seat attack version almost being abandoned, but the cancellation of the Kawasaki P-XL, the planned replacement for Japan's Kawasaki P-2J maritime patrol aircraft freed-up funds, while making it important to keep Japan's aviation industry employed, and contracts were awarded for the development of the attack version as the FS-T2kai in 1973.[1][2]

The new aircraft was a minimum change derivative of the T-2, with the rear cockpit being converted to an avionics bay by removing the rear seat, and replacing the canopy with a simple unglazed access hatch.[3] Two additional hardpoints were fitted under the wing to allow carriage of a heavier weapon load, and the avionics were improved,[4] with a new J/AWG-12 radar set, similar to the AN/AWG-12 fitted in British Royal Air Force F-4M Phantom fighter jets.[5] This set provides ranging information. Aside from the avionics changes, deletion of the rear seat, and new one-piece canopy, the only other major change from the T-2 was the strengthening of the airframe to enable it to carry a larger weapons load than the T-2. The F-1 is fitted with an internally mounted 20 mm JM61A1 Vulcan cannon with 750 rounds of ammunition. The aircraft also has seven external hardpoints for the carriage of a wide variety of stores (missiles, gun pods, etc.). The fuselage hardpoint and inboard pair of underwing hardpoints are plumbed for external fuel tanks to increase the aircraft's range. The primary weapon of the F-1 is the ASM-1 and the newer ASM-2 long-range anti-ship missile. This weapon is roughly in the class of the American AGM-84 Harpoon or French AM.39 Exocet. Other weapons carried include the all-aspect short-range heat-seeking AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile for air-to-air combat. This weapon is carried on the wingtip rails usually, but it can also be carried on the outboard underwing hardpoints for the F-1's secondary air defense role. Other air-to-ground weapons carried include rocket pods (JLAU-3/A) of 70 mm (2.75 in) size as well as bombs of 227 kg (500 lb) and 340 kg (750 lb) in size (Mk82 and M117 respectively). In addition, the Mk-82 and M117 bombs can be fitted with infrared guidance kits, turning them into precision-guided weapons that home in on heat radiation emitted from seaborne targets such as ships or other ground-based targets. When fitted with this kit, the bomb becomes known as GCS-1.

The F-1 was replaced by the F-2 (Japan/U.S. developed, based on the F-16C/D), as well as upgraded F-4EJ Kai Phantom IIs. The last six active F-1s, based at Tsuiki in Fukuoka Prefecture, were retired on 9 March 2006, having reached the 4,000 hour limit of their airframes.


Variants



Operators



Survivors / Aircraft on display


Mitsubishi F-1 on display at Fuchū Air Base, Tokyo
Mitsubishi F-1 on display at Fuchū Air Base, Tokyo

Specifications (F-1)


Data from Mitsubishi's Sabre Successor[7]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament


See also


Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era


References



Notes


  1. Lake 1995, pp. 52–53.
  2. Sekigawa 1980, pp. 117–120.
  3. Lake 1995, p.53.
  4. Sekigawa 1980, pp. 120–121.
  5. Lake 1995, p.68.
  6. Thompson, Paul J-HangarSpace - Where Are They Now? Retrieved September 16, 2016
  7. Sekigawa 1980, p.130.
  8. Michell 1994, p.128.

Bibliography





На других языках


[de] Mitsubishi F-1

Die Mitsubishi F-1 war ein japanischer Erdkampfbomber, der Mitte der 1970er-Jahre aus dem Trainingsflugzeug Mitsubishi T-2 entstand. Die Indienststellung erfolgte im April 1978. Die F-1 wurde mit dem J/AWG-12-Radar ausgestattet, mit dem auch britische F-4M-Phantom-Maschinen bestückt waren. Der zweite Sitz entfiel für den Einbau von Waffenrechnern und Radarelektronik. Insgesamt wurden 77 Maschinen gebaut. Hauptaufgabe sollte die Bekämpfung von gegnerischen Schiffen sein.
- [en] Mitsubishi F-1

[fr] Mitsubishi F-1

Le Mitsubishi F-1 est le premier avion de combat développé et fabriqué par le Japon après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dérivé de l'avion d'entraînement Mitsubishi T-2, il est principalement destiné à l'attaque anti-navires, avec pour mission secondaire l'attaque au sol et des capacités limités d'avion de chasse. Le F-1 a été construit à 77 exemplaires, mis en service à la fin des années 1970 et retiré en 2006, remplacé par le Mitsubishi F-2.

[it] Mitsubishi F-1

Il Mitsubishi F-1 è un caccia multiruolo bigetto monoplano ad ala alta a freccia prodotto dalla divisione aeronautica dell'azienda giapponese Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.

[ru] Mitsubishi F-1

Мицубиси F-1 (яп. F-1支援戦闘機 Эфу-ван сиэн сэнто:ки, «Вспомогательный истребитель F-1», англ. Mitsubishi F-1) — японский истребитель-бомбардировщик, разработанный компанией Мицубиси Хэви Индастриз (англ. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)) на базе учебно-тренировочного самолёта Мицубиси T-2 для Воздушных сил самообороны Японии. Первый разработанный в Японии после Второй мировой войны боевой самолёт.



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