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The Yakovlev Yak-6 was a Soviet twin-engined utility aircraft, developed and built during World War II. It was used as a short-range light night bomber and a light transport.

Yak-6
Role Utility
Manufacturer Yakovlev
First flight 1942
Introduction 1942
Retired 1950
Status Retired
Primary user Soviet Air Force
Number built 381

Development


In April 1942, the Yakovlev design bureau was instructed to design a twin-engined utility transport aircraft to supplement smaller single-engined aircraft such as the Polikarpov U-2. The design was required to be simple to build and operate.[1][2] Design and construction work proceeded extremely quickly, with the first prototype Yak-6 flying in June 1942. It passed its state acceptance tests in September that year and was quickly cleared for production.[1]

The Yak-6 was a cantilever low-wing monoplane of all-wood construction with fabric covering. It had a retractable tailwheel undercarriage, with the main wheels retracting rearwards into the engine nacelles. The horizontal tail was braced. It was powered by two 140 hp Shvetsov M-11F radial engines driving two-bladed wooden propellers,[nb 1] with the engine installation based on Yakovlev's UT-2 primary training aircraft. In order to minimise the use of scarce resources, the aircraft's fuel tanks were made of chemical-impregnated plywood rather than metal or rubber. Many Yak-6s were fitted with fixed landing gear.[3][4]

The aircraft appeared in two versions, one as a transport and utility aircraft for the supply of partisans, transport of the wounded, and for liaison and courier services. It could accommodate two crew side-by-side in an enclosed cockpit with capacity to carry four passengers or 500 kg (1,100 lb) or cargo.[4][5] The second version was a light night bomber (designated NBB - nochnoy blizhniy bombardirovshchik - Short Range Night Bomber), capable of carrying up to 500 kg of bombs on racks under the wing centre sections and with a defensive armament of a single ShKAS machine gun in a dorsal mounting.[6] A total of 381 examples were built with production ending in 1943.[7][8]

A few examples of an improved version of the Yak-6 with swept outer wings were flown, with the modified version sometimes known as the Yak-6M.[9][10] The Yak-6M led to the larger Yak-8 which flew in early 1944.[11]


Operational history


The Yak-6 was used with great effect at the front lines in the Great Patriotic War both as a transport and as a bomber, proving popular with its crews, although the potential for the aircraft to enter a spin if overloaded or carelessly handled resulting in production ending in 1943 in favour of the similarly powered Shcherbakov Shche-2. By 1944, most operational units of the VVS had a Yak-6 as a utility aircraft.[10] In the Battle for Berlin, the Yak-6 was fitted with rocket launchers under the wings for ten 82-mm RS-82 missiles for use against ground targets.[12] After the end of the Second World War, some Yak-6s were supplied to allies, while it remained in large scale service with Soviet forces until 1950.[11][12]


Variants



Operators


 France
 Soviet Union
 Mongolia

Specifications (Yak-6 (1943 production))


Data from Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft[11]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament


See also


Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists


References


  1. Yakovlev intended the Yak-6 to use 190 hp M-12 engines, but these were not available.[2]
  1. Gordon, Komissarov and Komissarov 2005, p. 235.
  2. Gunston 1995, p. 467.
  3. Gordon, Komissarov and Komissarov 2005, pp. 235–236.
  4. Gunston 1995, p. 467–468.
  5. Alexander 1975, p. 437.
  6. Gordon, Komissarov and Komissarov 2005, pp. 235, 237.
  7. Gordon, Komissarov and Komissarov 2005, p. 237.
  8. "History:Serial Production". A.S. Yakovlev Design Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
  9. Gordon, Komissarov and Komissarov 2005, p. 238.
  10. Donald 1997, p. 915.
  11. Gunston 1995, p. 468.
  12. Alexander 1975, p. 438.


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На других языках

[de] Jakowlew Jak-6

Die Jakowlew Jak-6 (russisch Яковлев Як-6) war ein sowjetisches, zweimotoriges Flugzeug aus der Zeit des Zweiten Weltkrieges.
- [en] Yakovlev Yak-6

[fr] Yakovlev Yak-6

Le Yakovlev Yak-6 était un avion bimoteur soviétique utilitaire, développé et construit pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il a été utilisé comme bombardier léger de nuit à courte distance et un transport léger.

[it] Yakovlev Yak-6

Lo Yakovlev Yak-6 (in caratteri cirillici Яковлев Як-6), indicato anche con il nome in codice NATO Crib, fu un aereo multiruolo bimotore, monoplano ad ala bassa, progettato dall'OKB 115 diretto da Aleksandr Sergeevič Jakovlev[N 1] e sviluppato in Unione Sovietica nei primi anni quaranta.

[ru] Як-6

Як-6 («Дугласёнок») — самолёт, разработанный ОКБ А. С. Яковлева в 1942 г., сразу проектировался в двух вариантах — транспортном и бомбардировочном. При этом конструкторы стремились сделать его максимально простым в управлении, дешевым в производстве, с минимальным применением дефицитного в годы войны металла. Большая часть самолётов Як-6 строилась в транспортном варианте. Отсек для 6 пассажиров или груза помешался за двухместной пилотской кабиной. С запасом топлива в 278 кг дальность полёта в этом варианте достигала 580 км.


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