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Indian Airlines was a division of Air India Limited. It was based in Delhi and focused primarily on domestic routes, along with several international services to neighbouring countries in Asia. It was a division of Air India Limited after merger of eight pre-Independence domestic airlines.

Indian Airlines
Logo used after 2005 to 2011.
Logo used since 1951 to 2005.
IATA ICAO Callsign
IC IAC INDAIR[1]
Founded1953 (1953)
Commenced operations1 August 1953 (1953-08-01)
Ceased operations27 February 2011
Hubs
Secondary hubs
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer programFlying Returns
Fleet size55 excl.subsidiaries
Destinations63 excl.subsidiaries
Parent companyAir India Limited
HeadquartersNew Delhi
Key peopleRajiv Bansal (Chief Managing Director)
Websiteairindia.in

On 10 December 2005, the airline was rebranded as Indian for advertising purposes as a part of a program to revamp its image in preparation for an initial public offering (IPO).[2] The airline operated closely with Air India, India's national overseas carrier. Alliance Air was a fully owned subsidiary of Indian.[3]

In 2007, the Government of India announced that Indian Airlines would be merged into Air India Limited as its wholly owned subsidiary . As part of the merger process, a new company called the National Aviation Company of India Limited (now called Air India Limited) was established, into which both Air India (along with Air India Express) and Indian (along with Alliance Air) would be merged. Once the merger was completed, the airline – called Air India – would continue to be headquartered in Mumbai and would have a fleet of over 130 aircraft. The merger was completed on 26 February 2011.[4]


History



Merger of regional airlines


Old Deep Orange logo of Indian Airlines until the mid-2000s
Old Deep Orange logo of Indian Airlines until the mid-2000s

The airline was set up under the Air Corporations Act, 1953 with an initial capital of 32 million and started operations on 1 August 1953. It was established after legislation came into force to nationalise the entire airline industry in India. Two new national airlines were to be formed along the same lines as happened in the United Kingdom with British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) and British European Airways (BEA). Air India took over international routes and Indian Airlines Corporation (IAC) took over the domestic and regional routes.

Eight pre-Independence domestic airlines, Deccan Airways, Airways India, Bharat Airways, Himalayan Aviation, Kalinga Airlines, Indian National Airways and Air Services of India and the Domestic wing of Air India, were merged to form the new domestic national carrier Indian Airlines Corporation. International operations of Air India Ltd. was taken over by the newly formed Air India International. Indian Airlines Corporation inherited a fleet of 99 aircraft including 74 Douglas DC-3 Dakotas, 12 Vickers Vikings, 3 Douglas DC-4s and various smaller types from the seven airlines that made it up.


Early fleet


Indian Airlines' Sud Aviation Caravelle III parked at Mumbai Airport.
Indian Airlines' Sud Aviation Caravelle III parked at Mumbai Airport.
HS 748 built in India, operated by Indian Airlines, at Bombay Airport in 1974
HS 748 built in India, operated by Indian Airlines, at Bombay Airport in 1974
Indian Airlines Boeing 737 in 1998
Indian Airlines Boeing 737 in 1998

Vickers Viscounts were introduced in 1957 with Fokker F27 Friendships being delivered from 1961. The 1960s also saw Hawker Siddeley HS 748s, manufactured in India by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, join the fleet. The jet age began for IAC with the introduction of the pure-jet Sud Aviation Caravelle airliner in 1964, followed by Boeing 737-200s in the early 1970s. April 1976 saw the first three Airbus A300 wide-body jets being introduced. The regional airline, Vayudoot, which had been established in 1981, was later reintegrated. By 1988, Airbus A320-200s were introduced. The economic liberalisation process initiated by the Government of India in the early 1990s ended Indian Airlines' dominance of India's domestic air transport industry.


Post liberalisation


The Indian Government liberalised the private sector in mid 80s and with the emergence of new competitors, Indian Airlines faced tough competition from Jet Airways, Air Sahara, East-West Airlines, Skyline NEPC, and ModiLuft. Yet till 2005, Indian Airlines was the second-largest airline in India after Jet Airways while Air Sahara controlled 17% of the Indian aviation industry. During that time few other domestic carriers like East-West Airlines, Skyline NEPC and ModiLuft discontinued their flight operations.

Also during 1993 another government-established regional feeder airline called Vayudoot was merged with Indian Airlines but still operated as a standalone division until 1997 after which its entire flight operations were transferred to Indian Airlines and its employees absorbed into Indian Airlines and Air India.[citation needed]


Low-Cost Carrier era


Since 2003, the rise of low-cost domestic competitors Air Deccan, SpiceJet, IndiGo, GoAir and Kingfisher Airlines along with its low-cost arm Kingfisher Red led Indian to reduce air-fares. However, as of 2006, Indian Airlines was still a profit-making airline; in fact during 2004–2005 it made a record profit of ₹656.1 million.[5] Indian Airlines Limited was partly owned by the Government of India (51% of share capital) through a holding company and had 19,300 employees as of March 2007.[6] Its annual turn-over, together with that of its subsidiary Alliance Air, was well over ₹40 billions (around US$1 billion). Together with its subsidiary, Alliance Air, Indian Airlines carried a total of over 7.5 million passengers annually.[7]


Air India merger


On 26 February 2011, Indian Airlines ceased operating under its own brand and codes and completed its merger with Air India.[8]


Destinations



Codeshare agreements


Indian had codeshare agreements with the following airlines:[9]


Fleet


Airbus A320-200 in its old livery
Airbus A320-200 in its old livery
Airbus A320-231 in its old livery in night.
Airbus A320-231 in its old livery in night.
Indian Airlines 50th Anniversary livery in 2003.
Indian Airlines 50th Anniversary livery in 2003.
Airbus A320-200 in the airline's final livery
Airbus A320-200 in the airline's final livery

As of 2007, Indian operated an all-Airbus fleet consisting of the Airbus A320 family.

Indian Airlines fleet[10]
Aircraft In Service Passengers Notes
J Y Total
Airbus A319-100 6 14 106 120 Operated by NACIL
8 114 122
144 144
Airbus A320-200 47 20 126 146
Airbus A321-200 2 20 152 172 In Air India livery
Total 55

Former fleet


Indian Airlines former fleet[11]
Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Notes
Airbus A300B2-100 10 1976 2007
Airbus A300B4-200 4 1982
Beechcraft 17 1 1953 1968
Beechcraft 18 1 1953 1957
Boeing 737-200 31 1970 1999
Boeing 737-200F 5 1980 2008
de Havilland Heron 8 1955 1968
Dornier 228 4 1997 2007
Douglas C-47 Skytrain 53 1953 1978
Douglas C-54 Skymaster 6 1974
Fokker F-27 Friendship 17 1961 1994
Hawker Siddeley HS 748 19 1967 1991
Sud Aviation Caravelle 12 1963 1976
Tupolev Tu-154B 1 1989 1990 Leased from Aeroflot
1 1992 1993 Leased from Uzbekistan Airways. Written off[12]
Vickers VC.1 Viking 12 1953 1959
Vickers Viscount 700 16 1957 1974

Livery


IA logo designed by National Institute of Design
IA logo designed by National Institute of Design

The aircraft livery used while the company was called Indian Airlines was one of the longest in continuous use in the airline industry. The logo (IA) and the livery were designed by National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad. Its aircraft were mainly white, with the belly painted in light metallic grey. Above the windows, "Indian Airlines" was written in English on the starboard side and in Hindi on port side. The tail was bright orange, with its logo in white. In most of the aircraft, the logo was also painted on the engines over its bare metal colour. Also, when the company was under the title of Indian Airlines, to celebrate its 50th year of service the airline put the slogan "50 years of flying" in gold on many of their aircraft.

After the name change to Indian, the company's aircraft sported a new look inspired by the Sun Temple at Konark in Odisha. The tail of their aircraft had a partial blue wheel since practically 3/4 of the remainder is cut off. The wheel is over an orange background with the carrier's name "Indian" written in English on one side of the fuselage, and in Hindi on the other. On 15 May 2007, the Government of India released the new merger livery, which was sent to Boeing in Seattle to repaint all the new fleet coming into the new Air India. Most of the old fleets of Air India and Indian Airlines have also been painted in the new livery.[13]


Service


In-flight meal
In-flight meal

Indian operated short-haul Airbus A320 family aircraft. It offered 2 classes on most sectors – Economy Class and Executive class. Economy class had a typical 3-3 seating on the Airbus aircraft. Passengers were offered complimentary meals. The Executive class seat configuration was 2–2 with a generous recline. Meals served were more lavish.[citation needed]


Incidents and accidents



1960s



1970s



1980s



1990s



Financials


Given below is a chart of trend of profitability of Indian Airlines as published in the 2004 annual report by Ministry of Civil Aviation with figures in millions of Indian Rupees.[33]

YearOperating RevenuesOperating Profit(Loss)
2002Rs. 41,015 millionRs. 1,347 million
2003Rs. 46,498 millionRs. 1,251 million

References


  1. "Indian Airlines Fleet Details and History". www.planespotters.net. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  2. "Indian Airlines to be called 'Indian' now". Rediff.com. 7 December 2005.
  3. "Why one large airline makes economic sense". The Hindu Businessline. 30 June 2005. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
  4. AI/IC complete merger Archived 1 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Indian Airlines profit up 48 p.c., The Hindu, 28 December 2005
  6. "Directory: World Airlines". Flight International. 3 April 2007. pp. 92–93.
  7. Nargundkar, Rajendra (2006). Services Marketing 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-07-061631-8. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  8. AI/IC complete merger Archived 1 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  9. "Welcome to Flying Returns". www.flyingreturns.co.in. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  10. "Indian Airlines Fleet Details and History". Planespoetters.net. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  11. "Indian Airlines fleet". aerobernie.bplaced.net. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  12. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  13. "Air India like you've never seen before". Architectural Digest India. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  14. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  15. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
  16. "VT-CJH Accident Description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  17. Aviation-Safety.net
  18. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  19. Music. Manorama Online (4 April 2014).
  20. The Liberation Times : Commemorating 30 Years since India's Greatest Victory Archived 15 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Bharat-rakshak.com. Retrieved on 21 May 2014.
  21. HWH 22 aircrash Archived 29 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Hwh22.it. Retrieved on 21 May 2014.
  22. Accident description for VT=EAL at the Aviation Safety Network
  23. "Moily's close shave in Mangalore 30 years ago". The Hindu. 22 May 2010. Retrieved 24 June 2010.
  24. "Longest hijack in Indian aviation history by Khalistan activists meets anti-climactic end". India Today. 15 September 1984.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. Wadhwaney, Kishin R. (2004). Indian Airports (Shocking Ground Realities).
  26. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 Advanced VT-EFK Dubai Airport (DXB)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  27. "ASN Accident Description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  28. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 VT-EAH Ahmedabad Airport (AMD)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  29. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Airbus A320-231 VT-EPN Bangalore-Hindustan Airport (BLR)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  30. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 Advanced VT-EFL Imphal Municipal Airport (IMF)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  31. Chiranjeevi 'Weeping With Fear'. greatandhra.com (8 May 2011).
  32. Brandi, Costa (2 April 2020). "How to Deal with Travel Anxiety". Meramaal. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  33. "2004 Annual Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 30 August 2010.



На других языках


[de] Indian Airlines

Indian Airlines war eine indische Fluggesellschaft mit Sitz in Neu-Delhi. Nach einer im Jahr 2007 eingeleiteten Fusion ging sie 2011 vollständig in Air India auf.
- [en] Indian Airlines

[es] Indian Airlines

Indian (Hindi: इंडियन) (anteriormente Indian Airlines Hindi: इंडियन एयरलाइन्स) fue una compañía aérea estatal de la India, principalmente de carácter regional y controlada por el Ministerio Federal de Aviación Civil del Gobierno de la India. Sus principales bases son los aeropuertos internacionales de Madrás, Chatrapati Shivaji en Bombay, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose en Calcuta e Indira Gandhi en Nueva Delhi.

[fr] Indian Airlines

Indian Airlines Limited, (en hindi इंडियन एयरलाइन्स) (code AITA : IC ; code OACI : IAC) était la compagnie aérienne nationale intérieure de l'Inde. Elle a fusionné avec Air India le 27 février 2011.

[it] Indian Airlines

Indian Airlines, in seguito Indian, era una delle principali compagnie aeree dell'India con sede a Delhi e si concentrava principalmente su rotte nazionali, insieme a diversi servizi internazionali verso i paesi vicini in Asia. Nata dopo la fusione di otto compagnie, era di proprietà statale ed era amministrata dal Ministero dell'aviazione civile. Indian era una delle due compagnie di bandiera dell'India, l'altra era Air India.

[ru] Indian Airlines

Indian Airlines (хинди इंडियन एयरलाइंस) — бывшая дочерняя авиакомпанией Air India Limited. Она базировалась в Нью-Дели и ориентировался в основном на внутренние маршруты, а также на несколько международных рейсов в соседние страны Азии. Компания образовалась во времена Британской Индии, в результате слияния восьми авиакомпаний, принадлежавших Air India Limited.



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