Zeppelin LZ 76 - Airship - avia.wikisort.org

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The Imperial German Army Zeppelin LZ 76 (L-m33) was a R-class World War I zeppelin.

LZ 76 (L 33)

Imperial German Army Zeppelin LZ 76 brought down near a cottage in Essex
Role	R-class reconnaissance-bomber rigid airship Type of aircraft
National origin	German Empire
Manufacturer	Luftschiffbau Zeppelin
Designer	Ludwig Dürr
First flight	30 August 1916
Primary user	Imperial German Navy
Number built	1

Operational history

On 23 September 1916 a bombing raid was planned for London. That night, a Zeppelin group (LZ 72 [L 31], L 32, L 33 and L 34) set out to complete the mission. They succeeded in dropping 3,200 kilograms (7,100 lb) of bombs on London and surrounding counties. On its first mission, anti-aircraft damaged LZ 76 its commander Kapitan-Leutnant Alois Bocker changed its course over Essex. It was here that the airship was attacked by 39 Home Defence Squadron night fighters from Hainault Farm. Alfred Brandon was flying a B.E.2e fighter when he attacked Zeppelin LZ 76, helping to bring the airship down in a field.[1] Even after dropping guns and equipment, Bocker calculated that the ship would not make it safely across the North Sea, and he landed in Little Wigborough, Essex, the morning of 24 September 1916 with no fatalities. Right away, the crew set out to destroy the airship but were only partly successful in burning the hull.[2] British engineers examined the skeleton and later used the plans as a basis for the construction of airships R33 and R34.

Specifications (LZ 76 / Type R zeppelin)

Data from Zeppelin: rigid airships, 1893–1940[3]

General characteristics

Crew: 17-19
Capacity: 32,400 kg (71,430 lb) typical disposable load
Length: 198 m (649 ft 7 in)
Diameter: 23.9 m (78 ft 5 in) maximum
Fineness ratio: 8.24
Volume: 55,200 m³ (1,950,000 cu ft) in 19 gas cells
Empty weight: 31,400 kg (69,225 lb)
Gross weight: 32,908 kg (72,550 lb)
Fuel capacity: 6,250 kg (13,779 lb)
Useful lift: 63,800 kg (140,700 lb)
Powerplant: 5 × Maybach HS Lu 6-cylinder water-cooled in-line piston engines, 180 kW (240 hp) each
Propellers: 4-bladed Lorenzen fixed-pitch propellers

Performance

Maximum speed: 103 km/h (64 mph, 56 kn)
Cruise speed: 81 km/h (50 mph, 44 kn)
Range: 7,400 km (4,600 mi, 4,000 nmi) at 81 km/h (50 mph; 44 kn)
Service ceiling: 3,900 m (12,800 ft) static
Rate of climb: 10 m/s (2,000 ft/min) maximum permitted (r-class)

Armament

Guns: machine-guns in hull-top positions and gondolas
Bombs: up to 60 bombs to a total of 5,000 kg (11,023 lb)

Dirigibles shot down over the UK

Airships made about 51 bombing raids on Britain during the war. These killed 557 and injured another 1,358 people. More than 5,000 bombs were dropped (largely on towns and cities) across Britain, causing £1.5 million (equivalent to £108,200,000 in 2021) in damage. 84 airships took part, of which 30 were shot down or lost in accidents.[4]

Zeppelins shot down over the UK

Shot down	Tactical No	Production No	Shot down by	Aircraft	Squadron	Serial Number	Crash location
1 April 1916	L 15	LZ 48			Dartford AA battery		Kentish Knock, Thames estuary
3 September 1916	SL 11		Lt Leefe Robinson	B.E.2c	No. 39 Home Defence Squadron	2693	Cuffley, Hertfordshire
24 September 1916	L 32	LZ 74	2nd Lt Frederick Sowrey	B.E.2c	No. 39 Home Defence Squadron	4112	Great Burstead, Essex
24 September 1916	L 33	LZ 76	Alfred Brandon	B.E.2e fighter	No. 39 Home Defence Squadron	4112	Essex
2 October 1916	L 31	LZ 72	2nd Lt Wulfstan J. Tempest	B.E.2c	No. 39 Home Defence Squadron	4557	Potter's Bar, Hertfordshire
27 November 1916	L 34	LZ 78	2nd Lt Ian Pyot	B.E.2c	No. 36 Home Defence Squadron	2738	Hartlepool, County Durham
28 November 1916	L 21	LZ 61	Flt Lt Egbert 'Bertie' Cadbury	B.E.2c	RNAS Great Yarmouth	8265	Sea
17 June 1917	L 48	LZ 95	2nd Lt Loudon Pierce Watkins	B.E.12	No. 37 Home Defence Squadron	6110	Leiston, East Suffolk

References

Footnotes

Classen 2017, pp. 220–222.
Guttman 2018, p. 70.
Brooks 1992, pp. 95–99.
Liddell Hart 1934, p. 76.

Bibliography

Brooks, Peter W. (1992). Zeppelin: Rigid Airships, 1893–1940. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 978-1-56098-228-9.
Classen, Adam (2017). Fearless: The Extraordinary Untold Story of New Zealand's Great War Airmen. Massey University Press. ISBN 978-0-9941407-8-4.
Guttman, Jon (2018). Zeppelin vs British Home Defence 1915–18. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-2034-1.
Liddell Hart, Sir Basil Henry (1934). A History of the World War 1914–1918. Faber. ISBN 978-0-304-93653-3.

Zeppelin aircraft

Lighter-than-air
(airships)

Manufacturer
hull
numbers

A Class	LZ 1
B Class	LZ 2 LZ 3
C Class	LZ 4 LZ 5
D Class	LZ 6
E Class	LZ 7 LZ 8
F Class	LZ 9 LZ 10 LZ 12
G Class	LZ 11 LZ 13
H Class	LZ 14 LZ 15 LZ 16 LZ 17 LZ 19 LZ 20
I Class	LZ 18
J Class	skipped
K Class	LZ 21
L Class	LZ 22 LZ 23
M Class	LZ 24 LZ 25 LZ 27 LZ 28 LZ 29 LZ 30 LZ 31 LZ 32 LZ 33 LZ 34 LZ 35 LZ 37
N Class	LZ 26
O Class	LZ 36 LZ 39
P Class	LZ 38 LZ 40 LZ 41 LZ 42 LZ 43 LZ 44 LZ 45 LZ 46 LZ 47 LZ 48 LZ 49 LZ 50 LZ 51 LZ 52 LZ 53 LZ 54 LZ 55 LZ 56 LZ 57 LZ 58 LZ 60 LZ 63
Q Class	LZ 59 LZ 61 LZ 64 LZ 65 LZ 66 LZ 67 LZ 68 LZ 69 LZ 71 LZ 73 LZ 77 LZ 81
R Class	LZ 62 LZ 72 LZ 74 LZ 75 LZ 76 LZ 78 LZ 79 LZ 80 LZ 82 LZ 83 LZ 84 LZ 85 LZ 86 LZ 87 LZ 88 LZ 89 LZ 90
S Class	LZ 91 LZ 92
T Class	LZ 93 LZ 94
U Class	LZ 95 LZ 96 LZ 97 LZ 98 LZ 99
V Class	LZ 100 LZ 101 LZ 103 LZ 105 LZ 106 LZ 107 LZ 108 LZ 109 LZ 110 LZ 111
W Class	LZ 102 LZ 104
X Class	LZ 112 LZ 113 LZ 114
Post-war	LZ 120 LZ 121 LZ 126 LZ 127 LZ 129 LZ 130
Unbuilt	LZ 70 LZ 115–LZ 119 LZ 122–LZ 125 LZ 128 LZ 131–LZ 132

Operator's
identification

Names	Bodensee Deutschland Deutschland II Esperia Graf Zeppelin Graf Zeppelin II Hindenburg Hansa USS Los Angeles Méditerranée Nordstern Sachsen Schwaben Viktoria Luise
Army Z designations¹	Z I Ersatz Z I Ersatz Z I (2) Z II Ersatz Z II Z III Z IV Z V Z VI Z VII Z VIII Z IX Z X Z XI Z XII
Army LZ designations²	LZ 34 LZ 35 LZ 37 LZ 38 LZ 39 LZ 72 LZ 74 LZ 77 LZ 79 LZ 81 LZ 85 LZ 86 LZ 87 LZ 88 LZ 90 LZ 93 LZ 95 LZ 97 LZ 98 LZ 101 LZ 103 LZ 107 LZ 111 LZ 113 LZ 120
Navy L designations	L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 L 5 L 6 L 7 L 8 L 9 L 10 L 11 L 12 L 13 L 14 L 15 L 16 L 17 L 18 L 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 L 23 L 24 L 30 L 31 L 32 L 33 L 34 L 35 L 36 L 37 L 38 L 39 L 40 L 41 L 42 L 43 L 44 L 45 L 46 L 47 L 48 L 49 L 50 L 51 L 52 L 53 L 54 L 55 L 56 L 57 L 58 L 59 L 60 L 61 L 62 L 63 L 64 L 65 L 70 L 71 L 72

Heavier-than-air
(aeroplanes)

Zeppelin-Staaken	8301 VGO.I VGO.II VGO.III R.IV R.V R.VI R.VII R.XIV R.XV R.XVI E.4/20
Zeppelin-Lindau	CL.I CL.II CS.I D.I Rs.I Rs.II Rs.III Rs.IV V1
Zeppelin Flugzeugebau	C.I C.II C.IV
Other	L 1 Rammer Fliegende Panzerfaust ZSO 523 ZMe 323 ZMe 423

¹Early Army designations, used pre-war. ²Wartime Army LZ designations were not always matched to Zeppelin's LZ hull number.

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