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The Kawanishi E11K was a Japanese flying boat of the 1930s. It was designed as a night reconnaissance aircraft for the Imperial Japanese Navy, but was not accepted, the two aircraft built being used as transports as the Type 96 Transport Flying Boat during the Second World War.

E11K
Role Night reconnaissance/transport flying boat
National origin Japan
Manufacturer Kawanishi Aircraft Company
First flight 11 June 1937
Primary user Imperial Japanese Navy
Number built 2

Development and design


In 1936 the Imperial Japanese Navy drew up a requirement for an aircraft to replace the Aichi Type 96 Reconnaissance Seaplane as a specialised night reconnaissance aircraft, intended to spot naval gunfire in night actions and to shadow enemy forces at night, allowing submarines to be directed to targets.[1] The requirement was passed to Aichi and Kawanishi, with both companies producing aircraft to meet the navy's needs. While Aichi produced a biplane similar to the aircraft that was to be replaced, Kawanishi designed a gull winged cantilever monoplane. It was powered by a single pusher Hiro Type 91 w engine strut mounted above the wing driving a four-bladed propeller, with its radiator mounted in a fairing above the rear fuselage so that it was located in the propeller's slipstream. It was fitted with retractable wingtip floats, while its wings folded to aid storage aboard the cruisers of the Japanese Navy.[2][3]

The first of two prototypes of Kawanishi's design, the Experimental 11-Shi Special Reconnaissance Seaplane,[a] with the short designation E11K, made its maiden flight on 11 June 1937. It proved to have poor stability and water handling, while the engine installation overheated. It was unsuitable for the night reconnaissance role, with the Aichi design proving generally superior and being ordered into production as the Aichi E11A.[1]


Operational history


The two prototypes were fitted with retractable beaching gear, in order to serve as a utility transport aircraft, and was accepted into service by the Japanese Navy as the Type 96 Transport.[b] These aircraft were used as liaison aircraft for reconnaissance seaplane squadrons and remained in use well into the Second World War.[1][4]


Specifications


Data from Japanese Aircraft 1910–1941[5]

General characteristics

Performance


See also


Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists


Footnotes



References



Notes


  1. Mikesh & Abe 1990, p. 139.
  2. Mikesh & Abe 1990, pp. 139–140.
  3. Green 1968, p. 129.
  4. Green 1968, p. 130.
  5. Mikesh & Abe 1990, p. 140.
  6. Mikesh & Abe 1990, pp. 2, 286

Bibliography



На других языках


- [en] Kawanishi E11K

[it] Kawanishi E11K

Il Kawanishi E11K (?) fu un idrovolante a scafo centrale, monomotore, monoplano ad ala di gabbiano sviluppato dall'azienda aeronautica giapponese Kawanishi Kōkūki KK negli anni trenta.



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