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The Nanchang J-12 (Chinese: 歼-12) was a lightweight supersonic fighter built by the People's Republic of China, intended for use by the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). It was one of the first serious attempts by Chinese aircraft manufacturers to develop an indigenous, modern jet fighter. Weighing 3,172 kg (6,993 lb) empty, the J-12 is one of the lightest jet fighters ever built. However, neither the J-12 nor the related Shenyang J-13 project entered service.

J-12
Nanchang J-12 on display outside of the Chinese Aviation Museum
Role Single-seat light fighter / strike fighter
National origin People's Republic of China
Manufacturer Nanchang Aircraft Factory
First flight 26 December 1970
Number built 5–8 (plus one static test article)

Design and development


In 1969, the PLAAF issued an order to build a small, inexpensive, STOL (short takeoff and landing) lightweight fighter in order to replace the MiG-19.[1] Two designs were submitted, namely the Shenyang J-11 and the Nanchang J-12. Prototypes of the J-12 were designed by Lu Xiaopeng and built by the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company (NAMC). The J-12 was a small single-seat jet fighter with low-set, swept wings, swept control surfaces, tubular fuselage, and nose intake with small or absent shock cone and flight testing began on 26 December 1970. Due to less than satisfactory performance, three additional J-12I prototypes were built with improvements such as simplified control surfaces, a lighter area ruled fuselage, and revised intake. [2]

In 1977 the development of J-12 was abandoned, due to inadequate firepower and engine thrust and also likely due to the introduction of the Chengdu J-7, that offered superior performance and was based on the Soviet MiG-21F.[2]

The J-12 prototypes had accumulated 61 hours in 135 flights by 1977. In 1990s, Lu Xiaopeng proposed upgrading the J-12's fighter design with a reduced Radar cross-section to make the J-12 stealthy, and suggested a modified J-12 fighter to a carrier based fighter for PLA Navy, but none of the proposals were accepted.[3]


Variants


J-12
The initial version of the light fighter with pitot bi-furcated air intake and non-afterburning engine
J-12I
(aka J-12A) Improved J-12 powered by a 8,929 lbf (39.72 kN) Wopen WP-6Z afterburning turbojet

Specifications (J-12)


Data from Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951[4]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament


References


  1. China Today: Aviation Industry. China Aviation Industry Press. 1989.
  2. Newdick, Thomas (3 November 2020). "The Shenyang J-12 Is The Lightweight Chinese Fighter You've Probably Never Heard Of". www.thedrive.com. The Drive. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
  3. "J12 fighter stealth modification". AirForceWorld.com. Archived from the original on 17 June 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  4. Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitry (2008). Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951. Manchester: Hikoki Publications. pp. 93–94. ISBN 978-1-902109-04-6.



На других языках


[de] Nanchang J-12

Die NAMC-J-12 (chinesisch: 歼 -12;) war ein leichtes Überschall-Kampfflugzeug, das in der Volksrepublik China für die Luftstreitkräfte der Volksrepublik China (PLAAF) gebaut wurde.
- [en] Nanchang J-12

[it] Nanchang J-12

Il Nanchang J-12 era un caccia intercettore/leggero monomotore a getto, dotato di ala a freccia, prodotto dall'azienda cinese Nanchang negli anni settanta del XX secolo e costruito in una piccola quantità di preserie, utilizzata per scopi sperimentali. Il suo sviluppo fu abbandonato in favore dell'adozione da parte della PLAAF dello Chengdu J-7, cioè del Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21F-13 costruito su licenza.



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