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The Sukhoi Su-9 (NATO reporting name: Fishpot) was a single-engine, all-weather, missile-armed interceptor aircraft developed by the Soviet Union.

Su-9
Role Interceptor aircraft
National origin Soviet Union
Manufacturer Sukhoi
First flight 24 June 1956
Introduction 1959
Retired 1970s
Primary user Soviet Air Defense Forces
Number built 1,150
Variants Sukhoi Su-11

Development


Three Su-9 aircraft in 1982
Three Su-9 aircraft in 1982

The Su-9 emerged from aerodynamic studies by TsAGI, the Soviet aerodynamic center, during the Korean War, which devised several optimum aerodynamic configurations for jet fighters. The design first flew in 1956 as the T-405 prototype. The Su-9 was developed at the same time as the Su-7 "Fitter", and both were first seen by the West at the Tushino Aviation Day on 24 June 1956, where the Su-9 was dubbed Fitter-B. It entered service in 1959.

Total production of the Su-9 was about 1,100 aircraft. It is believed that at least some Su-9s were upgraded to Su-11 "Fishpot-C" form. None were exported to any of the USSR's client states nor to the Warsaw Pact nations. Remaining Su-9s and later Su-11s were retired during the 1970s. Some were retained as test vehicles or converted to remote-piloted vehicles for use as unmanned aerial vehicles. It was replaced by the upgraded Su-11 and the much-superior Su-15 "Flagon" and MiG-25 "Foxbat".

The combat record of the "Fishpot", if any, is unknown. It is possible that it was involved in the interception (or even shoot-down) of reconnaissance missions whose details remain classified, but nothing is publicly admitted.

It was reported that a Su-9 was involved in the interception of Francis Gary Powers' U-2 on Soviet territory on 1 May 1960. A newly manufactured Su-9 which was in transit flight happened to be near Powers' U-2. The Su-9 was unarmed and was directed to ram the U-2. One ramming attempt was made and the Su-9 missed the U-2, primarily due to large difference in the speed of the two planes. No further ramming attempt was made due to Su-9's lack of fuel. Its pilot, Captain Igor Mentyukov later claimed that his slipstream had caused the U-2 to break apart. He discounts the official version that the U-2 was shot down by an SA-2 missile, saying that Captain Powers could not have survived such a hit.

On September 4, 1959 a modified Su-9 (designated T-431 by the bureau) piloted by Vladimir Sergeievitch Ilyushin set a new world record for absolute height, at 28,852 m (94,658 ft). In November of the same year Ilyushin set several new sustained speed/altitude records in the same aircraft. This record was later broken on 6 December 1959 by Commander Lawrence E. Flint Jr., who performed a zoom climb to a world record of 98,557 ft (30,040 m) while piloting an F4H-1 Phantom.[1][unreliable source?]


Design


Sukhoi Su-9 in Monino museum
Sukhoi Su-9 in Monino museum

The Su-9's fuselage and tail surfaces resembled those of the Su-7, but unlike the swept wing of that aircraft, the "Fishpot" used a 53° delta wing with conventional slab tailplanes. It shared Sukhoi features like the rear-fuselage air brakes as well as the Su-7's Lyulka AL-7 turbojet engine and nose intake. The translating shock cone contains the radar set.

The Su-9 was developed from earlier work on a developmental aircraft designated T-3, to which the Su-9 was very nearly identical. Internally at Sukhoi, the Su-9 was known as the T-43.

The delta wing of the Su-9 was adopted because of its lower drag in the supersonic flight regime. Its greater volume also allowed a very modest increase in fuel capacity compared to the Su-7. The Su-9 was capable of Mach 1.8 at altitude, or about Mach 1.14 with missiles. Its fuel fraction remained minimal, however, and operational radius was limited. Furthermore, rotation speeds were even higher than the Su-7, which was already high at 360 km/h (225 mph). Unlike the Su-7, which had very heavy controls but docile handling characteristics, the "Fishpot" had light and responsive controls, but was very unforgiving of pilot error.

The Su-9 had primitive R1L (NATO reporting name "High Fix") radar in the shock cone and was armed with four K-5 (AA-1 "Alkali") beam-riding air-to-air missiles. Like all beam-riders, the K-5 was so limited as to be nearly useless for air-to-air combat [citation needed]. Unlike the Su-7 and later Su-15, no Su-9 carried cannon armament, although two fuselage pylons were reserved for the carriage of drop tanks.

A two-seat trainer version, designated Su-9U, was also produced in limited numbers (about 50 aircraft). It received the NATO reporting name "Maiden". It had a full armament and radar system with displays in both cockpits, allowing trainees to practice all aspects of the interception mission, but because the second seat further reduced the already meager fuel fraction, it was not truly combat-capable.

The Su-9 has been frequently mistaken for the MiG-21 due to the many similarities in design. The primary distinguishing factors are size and the Su-9's bubble canopy.


Variants


T-405
Prototype of the Su-9.
Su-9
Main production version, about 1,100 built.
Su-9U
Training version, armed and equipped with all operational systems but not fully combat ready, about 50 built.
T-431
Su-9 modified for setting of the world record for absolute height in 1962.
Sukhoi Su-11
Development of the Su-9.

Operators


 Soviet Union
894th Fighter Aviation Regiment, Ozernoye, Ukraine, 1959-1979.[2]

Specifications (Su-9)


Sukhoi Su-9
Sukhoi Su-9

Data from OKB Sukhoi : a history of the design bureau and its aircraft[3]

General characteristics

Performance

2,230 km/h (1,390 mph; 1,200 kn) over 13,000 m (42,651 ft)
2 hours with external tanks

Armament


See also


Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era


References


  1. "F-4 A Phantom, 16 world records - The Greatest Military Aircraft? Forum - AirSpace". www.flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 2008-07-02.
  2. Michael Holm, http://www.ww2.dk/new/air%20force/regiment/iap/894iap.htm, accessed December 2012.
  3. Antonov, Vladimir; Gordon, Yefim; Gordyukov, Nikolai; Yakovlev, Vladimir; Zenkin, Vyacheslav; Carruth, Lenox; Miller, Jay (1996). OKB Sukhoi : a history of the design bureau and its aircraft (1st ed.). Earl Shilton: Midland Publishing. pp. 110–128. ISBN 9781857800128.
  4. www.3ebra.com, IT-Bureau Zebra -. "Sukhoi Company (JSC) - Airplanes - Museum - Su-9, 11, 13 - Specifications". www.sukhoi.org. Archived from the original on 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2017-09-25.



На других языках


[de] Suchoi Su-9

Die Suchoi Su-9 (russisch Сухой Су-9) war ein einsitziges sowjetisches Kampfflugzeug, das in den 1950er-Jahren als Abfangjäger entwickelt wurde. Die konstruktive Auslegung der Su-9 hat sehr große Ähnlichkeit mit der bei der MiG-21 gewählten Konzeption. Daher wurde ihr auch die NATO-Codebezeichnung „Fishpot“ in Anlehnung an die MiG-21 „Fishbed“ gegeben.
- [en] Sukhoi Su-9

[fr] Soukhoï Su-9

Le Soukhoï Su-9 (code OTAN Fishpot) est un avion de chasse à aile delta conçu par l'URSS pendant les années 1950. Il est très proche du Soukhoï Su-7 qui dispose lui d'une aile en flèche. Une version améliorée avec un radar plus puissant fut désignée Su-11. Les différentes versions des Su-9 et Su-11 ont été construites à plus de 1 200 exemplaires, dont aucun n'a été exporté.

[it] Sukhoi Su-9

Il Sukhoi Su-9 (in cirillico Сухой Су-9), noto anche con il nome in codice NATO Fishpot-B[1] fu un caccia intercettore monomotore a getto supersonico ognitempo ad ala a delta progettato dall'OKB 51 diretto da Pavel Osipovič Suchoj e sviluppato in Unione Sovietica nei tardi anni cinquanta. Impiegato negli anni sessanta nella Vojska protivovozdušnoj oborony (P-VO), la difesa aerea sovietica, nel 1955, rimase operativo fino agli anni settanta.

[ru] Су-9

Су-9 (по кодификации НАТО: Fishpot) — советский однодвигательный всепогодный истребитель-перехватчик. Один из первых советских самолётов с треугольным крылом; первый в мире истребитель-перехватчик, созданный как составная часть единого комплекса перехвата.



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