langs: 6 ноября [ru] / november 6 [en] / 6. november [de] / 6 novembre [fr] / 6 novembre [it] / 6 de noviembre [es]
days: november 3 / november 4 / november 5 / november 6 / november 7 / november 8 / november 9
Pamplona Airport is an airport in Pamplona , Navarra , Spain ( IATA : PNA , ICAO : LEPP ) . It is 3.7 miles from the city of Pamplona, Navarra's capital. It is between Noáin and Esquiroz. It is a public airport managed by AENA. Airport Pamplona Airport IATA : PNA ICAO : LEPP Summary Airport type Pub
Mitchel Air Force Base also known as Mitchel Field , was a United States Air Force base located on the Hempstead Plains of Long Island , New York , United States . Established in 1918 as Hazelhurst Aviation Field #2 , the facility was renamed later that year as Mitchel Field in honor of former New Y
Pokhara Airport ( IATA : PKR , ICAO : VNPK ) is a domestic airport serving Pokhara in Nepal . Following a new agreement on air travel between India and Nepal , [4] Pokhara Airport will be replaced by Nepal's third international airport, Pokhara International Airport in 2022. [5] Airport Pokhara Airp
Grosseto Airport ( Italian : Aeroporto di Grosseto ) ( IATA : GRS , ICAO : LIRS ) [2] is an airport in central Italy , located 3 km (1.6 NM ) west of Grosseto in the Italian region of Tuscany . Airport Grosseto Airport Aeroporto di Grosseto IATA : GRS ICAO : LIRS Summary Airport type Military /
Sywell Aerodrome ( IATA : ORM , ICAO : EGBK ) is the local aerodrome serving the towns of Northampton , Wellingborough , Kettering and Rushden , as well as wider Northamptonshire. The aerodrome is located 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northeast of Northampton and was originally opened in 192
Royal Air Force station Skipton-on-Swale or more simply RAF Skipton-on-Swale is a former Royal Air Force station operated by RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War . The station was located at Skipton-on-Swale 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Thirsk (near the present-day junction of the A61 and A1
#7 Port Moresby Airfield Complex
The Port Moresby Airfield Complex was a World War II military airfield complex, built near Port Moresby in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea . It was used during the Battle of New Guinea as a base of Allied air operations primarily in 1942 and early 1943. It later became a support base as the ba
Liping Airport ( IATA : HZH , ICAO : ZUNP ) is an airport serving Liping County , part of the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province , China. The airport cost ¥240 million to build and was opened on November 6, 2005. [2] Airport Liping Airport 黎平机场 IATA : HZH ICAO : ZUNP
Hollywood Burbank Airport , legally and formerly marketed as Bob Hope Airport after entertainer Bob Hope [5] [6] ( IATA : BUR , ICAO : KBUR , FAA LID : BUR ) , is a public airport 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of downtown Burbank , in Los Angeles County, California , United States. [7] The airport se
#10 Alexai Point Army Airfield
Alexai Point Army Airfield is an abandoned World War II airfield with two runways laid across Alexai Point on Attu Island , Alaska. The remains of the Seabee built airbase are located about 4 miles east of the closed Casco Cove Coast Guard Station , directly across Massacre Bay. Alexai Point Army Ai
#11 Portland International Airport
Portland International Airport ( IATA : PDX , ICAO : KPDX , FAA LID : PDX ) is a joint civil–military airport and the largest airport in the U.S. state of Oregon , accounting for 90% of the state's passenger air travel and more than 95% of its air cargo. [3] It is within Portland 's city limits just
#12 Lympne Airport
Lympne Airport / ˈ l ɪ m / , was a military and later civil airfield ( IATA : LYM , ICAO : EGMK ) , at Lympne , Kent , United Kingdom , which operated from 1916 to 1984. During the First World War RFC Lympne was originally an acceptance point for aircraft being delivered to, and returning from, Fran
#13 Edward F. Knapp State Airport
Edward F. Knapp State Airport ( IATA : MPV , ICAO : KMPV , FAA LID : MPV ) is a general aviation airport located in Berlin , Vermont , United States ; it is located three miles (5 km) west of the central business district of Barre . [1] [2] It serves both Barre and the Montpelier region. It curren
#14 U.S. Naval Air Station Lough Foyle Ireland
U.S. Naval Air Station Lough Foyle was a seaplane station at Lough Foyle in Ireland, which was operated by the United States Navy (USN) and commissioned on July 1, 1918 with Commander Henry D. Cooke , USN as the commanding officer. [2] Located near Quigley's Point in County Donegal , [1] and approxi
#15 List of people who have lived in airports
This is a list of people notable for living for periods of more than a week in airports . The reasons are usually protesting, asylum seeking or having holiday difficulties, or having difficulty with visas and passports. Mehran Karimi Nasseri's residency site in Terminal 1 of Charles de Gaulle Airpor
#16 Piedmont Triad International Airport
Piedmont Triad International Airport ( IATA : GSO , ICAO : KGSO , FAA LID : GSO ) (commonly referred to as "PTI") is an airport located in unincorporated Guilford County, North Carolina , west of Greensboro , serving the Piedmont Triad region of Greensboro, High Point and Winston-Salem as well as th
#17 Dublin Airport
Dublin Airport ( Irish : Aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath ) ( IATA : DUB , ICAO : EIDW ) is an international airport serving Dublin , Ireland. It is operated by DAA (formerly Dublin Airport Authority). [5] The airport is located in Collinstown , 7 km (4.3 mi) north [2] of Dublin, and 3 km (1.9 mi)
#18 Sable Island
Sable Island ( French : île de Sable , literally "island of sand") is a small Canadian island situated 300 km (190 mi) southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia , and about 175 km (109 mi) southeast of the closest point of mainland Nova Scotia in the North Atlantic Ocean. The island is staffed year
#19 RAF Sullom Voe
Royal Air Force Sullom Voe or more simply RAF Sullom Voe is a former Royal Air Force station near the village of Brae , in the Shetland Isles of Scotland . It was a Flying boat base and was closely associated with the adjacent airfield of RAF Scatsta . [2] This article needs additional citations for
RAAF Station Sandgate was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) station located at Brighton, Queensland during World War II . RAAF Station Sandgate The Station was formed on 16 December 1940 under the command of Squadron Leader H.A. Rigby, MC . An advance party arrived at Sandgate prior to the Station
The Gloster Meteor was the first British jet fighter and the Allies ' only jet aircraft to engage in combat operations during the Second World War . The Meteor's development was heavily reliant on its ground-breaking turbojet engines, pioneered by Frank Whittle and his company, Power Jets Ltd . Deve
The Siemens-Schuckert R.III was a prototype bomber aircraft built in Germany during World War I. [3] [4] It was one of six aircraft based on the Siemens-Schuckert R.I that were originally intended to be identical, but which each developed in a different direction and were designated as different air
The Rockwell-Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm X-31 was an experimental jet fighter designed to test fighter thrust vectoring technology. X-31 The X-31 aircraft returns from a test flight for VECTOR. Role Experimental aircraft Type of aircraft National origin United States / Germany Manufacturer Rockwell /
The Solar Challenger was a solar-powered electric aircraft designed by Paul MacCready 's AeroVironment . The aircraft was designed as an improvement on the Gossamer Penguin , which in turn was a solar-powered variant of the human-powered Gossamer Albatross . [1] It was powered entirely by the photov
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 ( Russian : Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21 ; NATO reporting name : Fishbed ) is a supersonic jet fighter and interceptor aircraft , designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union . Its nicknames include: "balalaika", because its planform resembles the stringe
The KAI KT-1 Woongbi ( Hangul : KT-1 웅비) is a South Korean single-engined turboprop, basic training aircraft. It was jointly developed by Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) and the Agency for Defence Development (ADD). The KT-1 is the first completely indigenous Korean aircraft ever developed. [ citat
#7 List of Chengdu J-7 variants
The following is a list of variants and specifications for variants of the Chengdu J-7 , which differed considerably between models in its 48 years of its production run. Production of the J-7 ceased after delivering of 16 F-7BGIs to the Bangladesh Air Force in 2013.
#8 Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II is an American family of single-seat, single-engine, all-weather stealth multirole combat aircraft that is intended to perform both air superiority and strike missions. It is also able to provide electronic warfare and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissa
#9 Sukhoi Su-17
The Sukhoi Su-17 ( izdeliye S-32) is a variable-sweep wing fighter-bomber developed for the Soviet military. Its NATO reporting name is " Fitter ". Developed from the Sukhoi Su-7 , the Su-17 was the first variable-sweep wing aircraft to enter Soviet service. Two subsequent Sukhoi aircraft, the Su-20
#10 Enola Gay
The Enola Gay ( / ə ˈ n oʊ l ə / ) is a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber , named after Enola Gay Tibbets, the mother of the pilot, Colonel Paul Tibbets . On 6 August 1945, piloted by Tibbets and Robert A. Lewis during the final stages of World War II , it became the first aircraft to drop an atomic
The Siemens-Schuckert R.II was a prototype bomber aircraft built in Germany during World War I. [4] [5] It was one of six aircraft based on the Siemens-Schuckert R.I that were originally intended to be identical, but which each developed in a different direction and were designated as different airc
#12 SM-64 Navaho
The North American SM-64 Navaho was a supersonic intercontinental cruise missile project built by North American Aviation (NAA). The final design was capable of delivering a nuclear weapon to the USSR from bases within the US, while cruising at Mach 3 (3,700 km/h; 2,300 mph) at 60,000 feet (18
The Siemens-Schuckert R.VII was a bomber aircraft built in Germany during World War I. [3] [4] It was one of six aircraft based on the Siemens-Schuckert R.I that were originally intended to be identical, but which each developed in a different direction and were designated as different aircraft type
#14 Airbus A330
The Airbus A330 is a wide-body aircraft developed and produced by Airbus . Airbus conceived several derivatives of the A300 , its first airliner in the mid-1970s. Then the company began development on the A330 twinjet in parallel with the A340 quadjet and launched both designs with their first order
#15 Heinkel He 219
The Heinkel He 219 Uhu (" Eagle-Owl ") is a night fighter that served with the German Luftwaffe in the later stages of World War II . A relatively sophisticated design, the He 219 possessed a variety of innovations, including Lichtenstein SN-2 advanced VHF-band intercept radar, also used on the Ju 8
The Bristol Type 175 Britannia is a retired British medium-to-long-range airliner built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in 1952 to fly across the Commonwealth . During development two prototypes were lost and the turboprop engines proved susceptible to inlet icing , which delayed entry into service
#17 Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet
The Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet is a German interceptor aircraft designed for point-defence . It is the only operational rocket-powered fighter aircraft in history and the first piloted aircraft of any type to exceed 1,000 kilometres per hour (620 mph) in level flight. Designed by Alexander Lippi
#18 Boeing KB-29 Superfortress
The Boeing KB-29 was a modified Boeing B-29 Superfortress for air refueling needs by the USAF . Two primary versions were developed and produced: KB-29M and KB-29P. US heavy tanker aircraft with 4 piston engines, 1948 This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues o
The Blohm & Voss BV 222 Wiking (Pronounced "Veeking") was a large, six-engined German flying boat of World War II . Originally designed as a commercial transport, it was the largest seaplane to attain production status during the war. [1] 1940 flying boat family by Blohm & Voss BV 222 Wiking The BV
The Martin P5M Marlin ( P-5 Marlin after 1962), built by the Glenn L. Martin Company of Middle River, Maryland , was a twin piston-engined flying boat that entered service in 1951, and served into the late 1960s with the United States Navy performing naval patrols. It also served with the United Sta
#1 Japanese aircraft carrier Chitose
Chitose ( 千歳 ) was a warship of the Imperial Japanese Navy that served from 1938 to 1944, seeing service as a seaplane carrier and later as a light aircraft carrier during World War II . In her initial guise as a seaplane carrier, she first saw service during the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1938, an
USS Bunker Hill (CV/CVA/CVS-17, AVT-9) was one of 24 Essex -class aircraft carriers built during World War II for the United States Navy . The ship was named for the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War. Commissioned in May 1943 and sent to the Pacific Theater of Operations, the s
USS Midway (CVB/CVA/CV-41) is an aircraft carrier , formerly of the United States Navy , the lead ship of her class . Commissioned 8 days after the end of World War II, Midway was the largest ship in the world until 1955, as well as the first U.S. aircraft carrier too big to transit the Panama Canal
HMS Unicorn was an aircraft repair ship and light aircraft carrier built for the Royal Navy in the late 1930s. She was completed during World War II and provided air cover over the amphibious landing at Salerno, Italy , in September 1943. The ship was transferred to the Eastern Fleet in the Indian O
A seaplane tender is a boat or ship that supports the operation of seaplanes . Some of these vessels, known as seaplane carriers , could not only carry seaplanes but also provided all the facilities needed for their operation; these ships are regarded by some as the first aircraft carriers and appea
USS Badoeng Strait (CVE-116) was a Commencement Bay -class escort carrier of the United States Navy during the Korean War . Commencement Bay-class escort carrier of the US Navy USS Badoeng Strait off the coast of Korea in 1952 History United States Name Badoeng Strait Namesake Battle of Badung Strai
USS Yorktown (CV/CVA/CVS-10) is one of 24 Essex -class aircraft carriers built during World War II for the United States Navy . Initially to have been named Bonhomme Richard , she was renamed Yorktown while still under construction, after the Yorktown -class aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CV-5)
USS Intrepid (CV/CVA/CVS-11) , also known as The Fighting "I" , is one of 24 Essex -class aircraft carriers built during World War II for the United States Navy . She is the fourth US Navy ship to bear the name. Commissioned in August 1943, Intrepid participated in several campaigns in the Pacific T
HMCS Magnificent (CVL 21) was a Majestic -class light aircraft carrier that served the Royal Canadian Navy from 1948–1957. Initially ordered by the Royal Navy during World War II , the Royal Canadian Navy acquired the Magnificent while waiting for another aircraft carrier to be completed to their ne
#10 USS Forrestal
USS Forrestal (CV-59) (later CVA-59 , then AVT-59 ), was a supercarrier named after the first United States Secretary of Defense James Forrestal . Commissioned in 1955, she was the United States' first completed supercarrier, and was the lead ship of her class . The other carriers of her class were
#11 USS William B. Preston (DD-344)
USS William B. Preston (DD-344/AVP-20/AVD-7) was a Clemson -class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I . She was named for United States Secretary of the Navy and United States Senator William B. Preston . Clemson-class destroyer USS William B. Preston at Vancouver in June 1
HMS Formidable was an Illustrious -class aircraft carrier ordered for the Royal Navy before the Second World War. After being completed in late 1940, she was briefly assigned to the Home Fleet before being transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet as a replacement for her crippled sister ship Illustrio
Zmaj was built in Germany as a seaplane tender for the Royal Yugoslav Navy between 1928 and 1930. She does not appear to have been much used in that role and was converted to a minelayer in 1937. Shortly before the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, she laid minefields along the Dalmatian co
#14 Japanese seaplane carrier Wakamiya
Wakamiya ( Japanese : 若宮丸, later 若宮艦 ) was a seaplane carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy and the first Japanese aircraft carrier . She was converted from a transport ship into a seaplane carrier and commissioned in August 1914. She was equipped with four Japanese-built French Maurice Farman seapl
#15 USS Tulagi
USS Tulagi (CVE-72) was a Casablanca -class escort carrier of the United States Navy . Casablanca-class escort carrier of the US Navy History Name Tulagi Namesake The Battle of Tulagi , 7–8 August 1942 Ordered as Fortazela Bay Builder Kaiser Company Laid down 7 June 1943 Launched 15 November 1943 Co
USS America (CVA/CV-66) was one of three Kitty Hawk -class supercarriers built for the United States Navy in the 1960s. Commissioned in 1965, she spent most of her career in the Atlantic and Mediterranean, but did make three Pacific deployments serving in the Vietnam War . She also served in the Per
#17 HMS Archer (D78)
HMS Archer was a Long Island -class escort carrier built by the United States in 1939–1940 and operated by the Royal Navy during World War II . She was built as the cargo ship Mormacland , but was converted to an escort carrier and renamed HMS Archer . Her transmission was a constant cause of proble
#18 USS Wake Island
USS Wake Island (CVE-65) was a Casablanca -class escort carrier of the United States Navy . Casablanca-class escort carrier of the US Navy History United States Name USS Wake Island Namesake Battle of Wake Island Builder Kaiser Shipyards Laid down 6 February 1943 Launched 15 September 1943 Commissio
USS Coral Sea (CV/CVB/CVA-43) , a Midway -class aircraft carrier , was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Battle of the Coral Sea . She earned the affectionate nickname " Ageless Warrior " through her long career. Initially classified as an aircraft carrier with hull classi
#20 USS Salamaua
USS Salamaua (CVE-96) was a Casablanca -class escort carrier of the United States Navy . She was named after the invasion of Salamaua , a strategically important village in the New Guinea Theater during World War II , and one of the main targets of the Salamaua–Lae campaign . She served with distinc
Mesa Airlines, Inc. , is an American regional airline based in Phoenix , Arizona . It is an FAA Part 121 –certificated air carrier operating under air carrier certificate number MASA036A issued on June 29, 1979. It is a subsidiary of Mesa Air Group and operates flights as American Eagle and United E
Stiftelsen Norsk Luftambulanse ("Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation", NLA ) is a Norwegian humanitarian organisation , organised as a non-profit foundation . It primarily promotes and operates helicopter air ambulance services. As of 2014 [update] , they operate seven Eurocopter EC135 and one EC145
#3 Batik Air
Batik Air is an Indonesian scheduled airline which was founded in 2012 and made its maiden flight on 3 May 2013 from Jakarta to Manado and Yogyakarta . [1] [2] Full-service airline of Indonesia For the Malaysian subsidiary, see Batik Air Malaysia . Batik Air IATA ICAO Callsign ID BTK BATIK Founded 1
The Straight Corporation Ltd was a significant operator of British airlines, airports and flying clubs from 1935 until the mid 1970s. Its major unit, Western Airways, expanded to become an important parts manufacturer, a maintenance, repair and upgrade organisation, and a builder of transport aircra
#5 Cebu Pacific
Cebu Pacific Air, Inc. , operating as Cebu Pacific ( PSE : CEB ), is a Philippine low-cost airline based on the grounds of Mactan–Cebu International Airport (Terminal 2), Lapu-Lapu City, Metro Cebu , Philippines. Founded in 1988, [2] it is Asia's oldest low-cost airline. [6] It offers scheduled fl
South African Airways ( SAA ) is the flag carrier airline of South Africa . [4] Founded in 1934, the airline is headquartered in Airways Park at O. R. Tambo International Airport in Johannesburg and operated a hub-and-spoke network, serving ten destinations in Africa. [1] The carrier joined Star All
BRA (Brasil Rodo Aéreo) Transportes Aéreos was a short-lived Brazilian low-fare airline based in São Paulo , Brazil , which used to operate both domestic and international scheduled services, as well as charter flights. Its main base was São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport . [1] BRA was the th
#8 History of Braathens (1994–2004)
Braathens SAFE 's domestic market was deregulated on 1 April 1994. Since then, any airline within the European Economic Area is free to operate any domestic or international route. Braathens rejected a proposal from the main competitor Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) for a merger; instead the hel
#9 EasyJet
easyJet plc [4] , styled as easyJet , is a British multinational low-cost airline group headquartered at London Luton Airport . [5] It operates domestic and international scheduled services on 927 routes in more than 34 countries via its affiliate airlines EasyJet UK , EasyJet Switzerland , and Easy
#10 Vueling
Vueling S.A. is a Spanish low-cost airline based at El Prat de Llobregat in Greater Barcelona with hubs at Barcelona–El Prat Airport (main), Paris-Orly Airport in Paris , France and Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport in Rome , Italy (secondary). It is the largest airline in Spain, measured by fleet
British United Airways ( BUA ) was a private, independent [nb 1] British airline formed as a result of the merger of Airwork Services and Hunting-Clan Air Transport in July 1960, making it the largest wholly private airline based in the United Kingdom at the time. British and Commonwealth Shipping (
#12 CitationAir
CitationAir by Cessna , founded in 2000 as CitationShares , was a subsidiary of Cessna Aircraft Company that provided private aviation services. It offered services in fractional jet ownership, jet card membership, corporate solutions and whole aircraft management. CitationAir was one of the four ma
Royal Brunei Airlines Sdn Bhd ( RB ) ( Malay : Penerbangan DiRaja Brunei , Jawi : ڤنربڠن دراج بروني ) is the national flag carrier airline of Brunei Darussalam , headquartered in the RB Campus in Bandar Seri Begawan . [4] [5] It is wholly owned by the Government of Brunei Darussalam . Its hub is B
#14 Air Bremen
Air Bremen was a small German airline based in Bremen operating between 1988 and 1990. [1] Former German airline Air Bremen IATA ICAO Callsign HR BRN AIR BREMEN Founded 6 November 1988 ( 1988-11-06 ) Ceased operations 22 August 1990 ( 1990-08-22 ) Hubs Bremen Fleet size 3 Saab 340 Headqu
#15 InterSky
InterSky , legally Intersky Luftfahrt GmbH , was an Austrian airline headquartered in Bregenz , which operated scheduled services from its base at Friedrichshafen Airport , Germany , to major cities in Germany, Austria and Switzerland , as well as seasonal holiday flights to the Mediterranean from o
#16 US Airways
US Airways (formerly USAir ) was a major American airline that operated from 1937 until its merger with American Airlines in 2015. It was originally founded in Pittsburgh as a mail delivery airline called All American Aviation , which soon became a commercial passenger airline. In 1953, it was renam
#17 1time
1time Airline (Pty) Ltd commonly called 1time was a South African low-cost airline that operated between 2004 and 2012. Based in the Isando Industrial Park in Kempton Park , Ekurhuleni , Gauteng , [1] 1time operated scheduled domestic and regional services. Its main base was OR Tambo International A
#18 FlyGTA Airlines
FLYGTA Inc. , operating as FLYGTA Airlines , established in 2014, is a Canadian air operator serving southern Ontario and Quebec. FLYGTA is a jet charter company with official bases in Toronto, Niagara, Oshawa, Muskoka, and Montreal, and provides air tourism services in Toronto and Niagara Falls, ai
#19 Air Midwest
Air Midwest, Inc. , was a Federal Aviation Administration Part 121 certificated air carrier that operated under air carrier certificate number AMWA510A issued on May 15, 1965. It was headquartered in Wichita , Kansas , [1] United States , and was a subsidiary of Mesa Air Group . Besides initially fl
#20 Adria Airways
Adria Airways d.o.o. [2] (formerly Inex-Adria Aviopromet and later Inex-Adria Airways ) was the flag carrier of Slovenia , operating scheduled and charter services to European destinations. The company's head office was at Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport in Zgornji Brnik , Cerklje na Gorenjskem , near
LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin ( Deutsches Luftschiff Zeppelin 127 ) was a German passenger-carrying, hydrogen -filled rigid airship that flew from 1928 to 1937. It offered the first commercial transatlantic passenger flight service. Named after the German airship pioneer Ferdinand von Zeppelin , a count ( Gr
The R31 class of British rigid airships was constructed in the closing months of World War I, and comprised two aircraft, His Majesty's Airship R31 and R32 . They were designed by the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors – with assistance from a Herr Müller who had defected to Britain, and previously w
#3 LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin operational history
LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin was a German passenger-carrying, hydrogen-filled rigid airship which flew from 1928 to 1937. It was designed and built to show that intercontinental airship travel was practicable. Its operational history included several long flights, such as a polar exploration mission, a roun
#4 R101
R101 was one of a pair of British rigid airships completed in 1929 as part of a British government programme to develop civil airships capable of service on long-distance routes within the British Empire . It was designed and built by an Air Ministry –appointed team and was effectively in competitio
The Airship Development AD1 was a British non-rigid gas-filled advertising airship. [1] The airship had a 60,000 cubic feet (1,700 m 3 ) envelope made by the Reginald Foster Dagnall Company of Guildford . [1] The airship, registered G-FAAX , [2] was erected at the old Cramlington Airship Station n
Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52) [lower-alpha 1] was a German World War II fighter Geschwader ( wing ) that exclusively used the Messerschmitt Bf 109 throughout the war. The unit originally formed near Munich in November 1938, then moved to a base near Stuttgart . JG 52 became the most successful fighter-
No. 213 Squadron was a squadron of the Royal Air Force . The squadron was formed on 1 April 1918 from No. 13 (Naval) Squadron of the Royal Naval Air Service . [4] This RNAS squadron was itself formed on 15 January 1918 from the Seaplane Defence Flight which, since its creation in June 1917, had had
Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) Schlageter was a German fighter - wing of World War II . It was named after Albert Leo Schlageter , a World War I veteran, Freikorps member, and posthumous Nazi martyr, arrested and executed by the French for sabotage in 1923. The wing fought predominantly against the Wes
#4 VMF-215
Marine Fighting Squadron 215 (VMF-215) was a fighter squadron of the United States Marine Corps that was commissioned and fought during World War II . Known as "The Fighting Corsairs", the squadron fought in many areas of the Pacific War , including the Battle of Bougainville . During its four-and-a
The 304th Bombardment Group is an inactive United States Army Air Forces (AAF) unit. Its last assignment was with the Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command , based at Langley Field , Virginia. It was inactivated on 30 December 1942 304th Bombardment Group Emblem of the 304th Bombardment Group Active
#6 List of Royal Flying Corps squadrons
A list of Royal Flying Corps squadrons with date and location of foundation. This article needs additional citations for verification . ( February 2016 ) The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was the aviation arm of the British Army . Squadrons were the main form of flying unit from its foundation on 13 Apri
The 25th Fighter Squadron is part of the US Air Force 's 51st Operations Group , 51st Fighter Wing , at Osan Air Base , South Korea. It operates the Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft conducting close air support missions. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summa
The 94th Fighter Squadron is a unit of the United States Air Force 1st Operations Group located at Joint Base Langley–Eustis , Virginia. The 94th is equipped with the F-22 Raptor . [1] Unit of the US Air Force Air Combat Command 94th Fighter Squadron SPAD XIII at the United States Air Force Museum s
#9 List of wings of the Royal Air Force
Wings within the Royal Air Force have both administrative and tactical applications. Over the years, the structure and role of wings has changed to meet the demands placed on the RAF. Many of the RAF's numbered wings were originally Royal Flying Corps (RFC) or Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) units. W
The 354th Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I . Not to be confused with the United States Air Force 354th Fighter Squadron . 354th Aero Squadron A Dayton-Wright DH-4 of the 354th Aero Squadron flying over the front line trenches
The 20th Fighter Wing is a wing of the United States Air Force and the host unit at Shaw Air Force Base South Carolina . The wing is assigned to Air Combat Command 's Fifteenth Air Force . This article is about the 20 Fighter Wing organized in August 1947. For the 20th Fighter Wing of 1946-1947, see
#12 Blue Angels
The Blue Angels is a flight demonstration squadron of the United States Navy . [1] Formed in 1946, the unit is the second oldest formal aerobatic team in the world, after the French Patrouille de France formed in 1931. The team, composed of five Navy and one Marine Corps demonstration pilot, fly Boe
Number 19 Squadron (sometimes written as No. XIX Squadron ) of the Royal Air Force , is the squadron number plate of the UK's Control and Reporting Centre which has responsibility for NATO Air Policing Area 1. The unit was allocated the role in 2021. Defunct flying squadron of the Royal Air Force No
The 525th Fighter Squadron is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 3d Operations Group at Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson , Alaska. The squadron was first activated as the 309th Bombardment Squadron in February 1942. After training in the United States, it deployed to the Mediterran
#15 No. 38 Group RAF
No. 38 Group RAF was a group of the Royal Air Force which disbanded on 31 December 2020. It was formed on 6 November 1943 from the former 38 Wing with nine squadrons as part of Transport Command . It was disbanded on 31 January 1951, but re-formed on 1 January 1960, became part of RAF Air Support Co
#16 7th Fighter Training Squadron
The 7th Fighter Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit, assigned to the 1st Operations Group . [1] It is stationed at Langley Air Force Base , Virginia. [4] 7th Fighter Training Squadron 7th Fighter Squadron F-22A Raptor takes off from Holloman AFB [note 1] Active 1941–2006; 2008–2014; 2
The 480th Fighter Squadron (480th FS), nicknamed the Warhawks , is an active United States Air Force unit operating the General Dynamics F-16CJ Fighting Falcon . The 480 FS assigned to the 52nd Fighter Wing , Spangdahlem Air Base , Germany is the only United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces
#18 No. 318 Polish Fighter-Reconnaissance Squadron
No. 318 "City of Gdańsk" Polish Fighter-Reconnaissance Squadron ( Polish : 318 Dywizjon Myśliwsko-Rozpoznawczy Gdański" ) was a Polish tactical reconnaissance aircraft squadron formed in Great Britain as part of an agreement between the Polish Government in Exile and the United Kingdom in 1940. It w
VA-152 was an Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy , nicknamed the Fighting Aces from 1953-1956, the Friendly Squadron or Friendlies from 1957-1968, and the Mavericks thereafter. Attack Squadron 152 VA-152 squadron patch Active 1 February 1951-29 January 1971 Country United States Branch United States N
The 55th Fighter Squadron is part of the 20th Fighter Wing at Shaw Air Force Base , South Carolina. It operates the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft conducting air superiority missions. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points . ( December 201
#1 Qian Xuesen
Qian Xuesen , or Hsue-Shen Tsien ( Chinese : 钱学森 ; 11 December 1911 – 31 October 2009), was a Chinese mathematician , cyberneticist , aerospace engineer , and physicist who made significant contributions to the field of aerodynamics and established engineering cybernetics . Recruited from MIT , he j
#2 Helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors . This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically , to hover , and to fly forward, backward and laterally. These attributes allow helicopters to be used in congested or isolated area
#3 Tip jet
A tip jet is a jet nozzle at the tip of some helicopter rotor blades, used to spin the rotor, much like a Catherine wheel firework . Tip jets replace the normal shaft drive and have the advantage of placing no torque on the airframe, thus not requiring the presence of a tail rotor. Some simple monoc
Radar, Airborne Interception, Mark VIII , or AI Mk. VIII for short, was the first operational microwave -frequency air-to-air radar . It was used by Royal Air Force night fighters from late 1941 until the end of World War II . The basic concept, using a moving parabolic antenna to search for targets
Dimitri Pavlovitch Riabouchinsky ( Russian : Дми́трий Па́влович Рябуши́нский ,6 November 1882– 22 August 1962) was a Russian fluid dynamicist noted for his discovery of the Riabouchinsky solid technique. With the aid of Nikolay Zhukovsky he founded the Institute of Aerodynamics in 1904, the first in
#1 List of pilots awarded an Aviator's Certificate by the Royal Aero Club in 1911
The Royal Aero Club issued Aviators Certificates from 1910. These were internationally recognised under the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale .
#2 List of pilots awarded an Aviator's Certificate by the Royal Aero Club in 1913
The Royal Aero Club issued Aviators Certificates from 1910. These were internationally recognised under the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale .
Franz Josef Strauss ( German: Strauß [fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈʃtʁaʊs] ; 6 September 1915 – 3 October 1988) was a German politician . He was the long-time chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) from 1961 until 1988, member of the federal cabinet in different positions between 1953 and 1969 a
Aleš Strojnik (also known as Alex Strojnik , May 21, 1921 – November 6, 1995) [1] was a Slovenian American aerodynamicist and aircraft designer specializing in low-speed drag reduction. He was also a pioneer and professor in physics and high-energy electron microscopy, [2] and retired from teaching
Leonardo Torres y Quevedo ( Spanish: [le.oˈnaɾðo ˈtores i keˈβeðo] ; 28 December 1852 – 18 December 1936) was a Spanish civil engineer and mathematician of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Torres was a pioneer in the development of the radio control and automated calculation mach
Steven Ray Nagel (October 27, 1946 – August 21, 2014), ( Col , USAF ), was an American astronaut , aeronautical and mechanical engineer , test pilot , and a United States Air Force pilot . [1] In total, he logged 723 hours in space. [2] After NASA, he worked at the University of Missouri College of
Robert Hutchings Goddard (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945) [1] was an American engineer , professor , physicist , and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket . [2] Goddard successfully launched his rocket on March 16, 1926, which ushered in an
#8 List of pilots awarded an Aviator's Certificate by the Royal Aero Club in 1914
The Royal Aero Club issued Aviators Certificates from 1910. These were internationally recognised under the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale .
Alberto Santos-Dumont ( Palmira , 20 July 1873 — Guarujá , 23 July 1932) was a Brazilian aeronaut , sportsman, inventor, [1] [2] and one of the few people to have contributed significantly to the early development of both lighter-than-air and heavier-than-air aircraft. The heir of a wealthy family o
Cesáreo Leonardo Berisso Pascal (6 November 1887 - 28 July 1971) [1] was a Uruguayan aviation pioneer. [2] [3] Uruguayan aviation pioneer Aeropuerto Internacional de Carrasco - Monolito de Cesáreo L. Berisso
Mary Goodrich Jenson (November 6, 1907 – January 4, 2004) was an early woman aviator and journalist who became the first woman in Connecticut to earn a pilot's license and the first woman to fly solo to Cuba . She was inducted into the Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame in 2000. American aviator and j
#12 Roy Chaplin
Roland Henry Chaplin , OBE , FRAeS (16 May 1899 – 13 December 1988), known as Roy Chaplin , was an aeronautical engineer who worked with Sydney Camm at Hawker Aircraft Limited from 1927 to 1962. He helped design the Hawker Fury biplane, the Hurricane monoplane, and the Harrier jump-jet. He graduated
#13 Donald Beatty
Donald Croom Beatty (April 11, 1900 – July 12, 1980) was an American aviator, explorer, and inventor. American aviator, explorer, and inventor For the American judge, see Donald W. Beatty . Beatty was the son of Isaac Beatty, Jr and Hughie Duffee Beatty of Birmingham, Alabama (United States). He beg
#14 Henry C. Mustin (1874–1923)
Henry Croskey Mustin (6 February 1874 – 23 August 1923) was a pioneering naval aviator who undertook the task of establishing the first Naval Aeronautic Station (now Naval Air Station Pensacola ) on the site of the abandoned Navy Yard at Warrington , Florida in 1914. He was designated Navy Air Pilot
#15 T. J. O'Malley
Thomas Joseph O'Malley (October 15, 1915 – November 6, 2009) was an Irish-American aerospace engineer who, as chief test conductor for the Convair division of General Dynamics , was responsible for pushing the button on February 20, 1962 launching the Mercury-Atlas 6 space flight carrying astronaut
#16 Bob Walkup
Robert E. Walkup (November 14, 1936 – March 12, 2021) was an American politician who served as the 40th mayor of Tucson from 1999 to 2011. American politician (1936–2021) Bob Walkup 40th Mayor of Tucson In office December 6, 1999 [1] – December 5, 2011 Preceded by George Miller Succeeded by Jonath
#17 Cheridah de Beauvoir Stocks
Cheridah de Beauvoir Stocks (1887–1971) was the second British woman to gain a Royal Aero Club aviator's licence , in 1911. [1] She was partially paralysed following an aviation accident in 1913. Cheridah de Beauvoir Stocks aviator Born ( 1887-11-06 ) 6 November 1887 Westcombe , Somerset , England D
#18 Guion Bluford
Guion Stewart Bluford Jr. (born November 22, 1942) is an American aerospace engineer , retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot , and former NASA astronaut in which capacity he became the second person of African descent to go to space . [1] [2] [lower-alpha 1] Before becoming an astronaut,
Clinton DeWitt Burdick (July 26, 1924 – February 17, 2013) was an American flying ace in the 356th Fighter Group during World War II . He was the son of American World War I flying ace Howard Burdick , who was credited with eight aerial victories. [1] American flying ace (1924–2013) Clinton DeWitt B
Thomas W. Benoist (December 29, 1874 – June 14, 1917) was an American aviator and aircraft manufacturer. In an aviation career of only ten years, he formed the world's first aircraft parts distribution company, established one of the leading early American aircraft manufacturing companies and a succ
The Lycoming O-435 is an American six- cylinder , horizontally opposed fixed-wing aircraft and helicopter engine made by Lycoming Engines . The engine is a six-cylinder version of the four-cylinder Lycoming O-290 . American 1940s aircraft engine O-435 Type Piston tank and aircraft engine National or
The aircraft diesel engine or aero diesel is a diesel -powered aircraft engine . They were used in airships and tried in aircraft in the late 1920s and 1930s, but never widely adopted beyond this. Their main advantages are their excellent specific fuel consumption , the reduced flammability and some
This is a list of aviation-related events from 2002: Wikimedia list article Years in aviation : 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Centuries : 20th century · 21st century · 22nd century Decades : 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s Years : 1999 2000 2001 2
Luxair Flight 9642 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Berlin , Germany , to Luxembourg City , Luxembourg , operated by Luxembourg national airline Luxair . On 6 November 2002, the aircraft operating the flight, a Fokker 50 registered as LX-LGB, lost control and crashed onto a field
#3 List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)
This is a list of notable accidents and incidents involving military aircraft grouped by the year in which the accident or incident occurred. Not all of the aircraft were in operation at the time. Combat losses are not included except for a very few cases denoted by singular circumstances. This tran
#4 List of Deutsche Luft Hansa accidents and incidents
This is a list of accidents and incidents involving German airline Deutsche Luft Hansa (1926-1945). The airline suffered a total of 58 accidents. [1]
The Montreal Convention (formally, the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air ) is a multilateral treaty adopted by a diplomatic meeting of ICAO member states in 1999. It amended important provisions of the Warsaw Convention 's regime concerning compensatio
#6 List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (A–C)
This list of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline summarizes airline accidents and all kinds of minor incidents by airline company with flight number, location, date, aircraft type, and cause. This article needs additional citations for verification . ( June 2012 ) JetBlue Flight 2
This is a list of aviation -related events from 1974: Years in aviation : 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 Centuries : 19th century · 20th century · 21st century Decades : 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Years : 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 19
#8 List of Trans World Airlines accidents and incidents
This is a list of accidents and incidents involving American airlines Trans World Airlines and Transcontinental & Western Air. The airlines suffered a combined total of 106 accidents. [1] [2]
#9 Western Airlines Flight 2605
Western Airlines Flight 2605 , nicknamed the "Night Owl", [2] was an international scheduled passenger flight from Los Angeles , California, to Mexico City , Mexico . On October 31, 1979, at 5:42 a.m. CST ( UTC−06:00 ), the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operating the flight crashed at Mexico City Intern
#10 List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Iraq War
This list of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Iraq War includes incidents with Coalition and civilian aircraft during the Iraq War . According to media reports, 129 helicopters and 24 fixed-wing aircraft were lost in Iraq between the 2003 invasion and February 2009. Of these incidents, 4
#11 2005 in aviation
This is a list of aviation-related events from 2005: List of aviation-related events in 2005 Years in aviation : 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Centuries : 20th century · 21st century · 22nd century Decades : 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s Years : 2002
#12 List of accidents and incidents involving helicopters
This article is a list of accidents and incidents involving helicopters and which are notable enough to have an article on Wikipedia. It is grouped by the years in which the accidents and incidents occurred.
#13 List of accidents and incidents involving the Antonov An-24
The Antonov An-24 has suffered 159 accidents with a total of 2,134 fatalities.
#14 List of Pan Am accidents and incidents
This is a list of accidents and incidents involving American airline Pan Am . The airline suffered a total of 95 incidents.
#15 UTair Flight 579
On September 1, 2018, UTair Flight 579 , a Boeing 737-800 on a scheduled domestic flight from Moscow to Sochi , Russia, with 164 passengers and 6 crew, overran the runway and caught fire while landing at Sochi, injuring 18 occupants. One airport employee died of a heart attack. [1] [2] Aircraft acci
#16 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition
China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition ( Chinese : 中国国际航空航天博览会 ), also known as the Airshow China ( Chinese : 中国航展 ) or Zhuhai Airshow ( Chinese : 珠海航展 ), is the largest airshow in China . It has been held in even years in Zhuhai , Guangdong since 1996. [2] Biennial military and civil a
#17 Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970
The Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970 ( Pub.L. 91-258) was a United States federal law passed during the 91st Congress , and signed into law by President Richard Nixon in conjunction with the Airport and Airway Revenue Act on May 21, 1970. [1] [2] The act was meant to fill funding gaps in t
#18 2014 in aviation
This is a list of aviation-related events from 2014 : Mediterranean Sea (16 March 2014) An MH-60S Sea Hawk helicopter assigned to Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron (HSC) 9 prepares to land on the flight deck of the guided-missile destroyer USS Ramage (DDG 61). Ramage is on a scheduled deployment suppor
#19 TWA Flight 800 conspiracy theories
TWA Flight 800 conspiracy theories are discredited alternative explanations of the crash of Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (TWA 800) in 1996. [1] The NTSB found that the probable cause of the crash of TWA Flight 800 was an explosion of flammable fuel/air vapors in a fuel tank, most likely from a sh
#20 List of aircraft shootdowns
This is a list of aircraft shootdowns , dogfights and other incidents during wars since World War II . An aircraft shootdown occurs when an aircraft is struck by a projectile launched or fired from another aircraft or from the ground (see anti-aircraft warfare ) which causes the targeted aircraft to
The Brochocki BKB-1 was a Canadian mid-wing , single-seat, experimental tailless glider that was designed and constructed by Stefan Brochocki with assistance from Witold Kasper and A. Bodek. The designation indicated the contributions of all three men. The aircraft was intended to study flight above
The Laister-Kauffman CG-10 was an American military transport glider aircraft developed during World War II . CG-10 CG-10A Role Transport Glider Type of aircraft Designer Laister-Kauffman First flight 1943 Primary user USAAF Number built 5
The Scott Viking 1 was a single seat, high-performance glider designed and built in the UK just before the Second World War . Only four were constructed, one setting records in Argentina and another remaining active into the 1980s. British single-seat glider, 1938 Viking 1 Role High performance sail
The Hiller ROE Rotorcycle was a single-seat ultralight helicopter designed in 1953 for a military requirement. [1] A total of 12 were produced for the United States Marine Corps . And in 1954, the Hiller Helicopters was selected by the US Navy 's Bureau of Aeronautics to build this design of a one-m
The Fairey Rotodyne was a 1950s British compound gyroplane designed and built by Fairey Aviation and intended for commercial and military uses. [2] A development of the earlier Gyrodyne , which had established a world helicopter speed record, the Rotodyne featured a tip-jet -powered rotor that burne
#3 TsAGI A-4
The TsAGI A-4 , sometimes anglicised as CAHI A-4 or ZAGI A-4 , ( Russian : ЦАГИ А-4 ) was an early Russian autogyro , influenced by Cierva designs and delivered in small numbers to the Soviet Air Force in 1934. TsAGI A-4 Role Two seat autogyro Type of aircraft National origin USSR Manufacturer TsAGI
Ingenuity, nicknamed Ginny, is a small robotic coaxial rotor helicopter operating on Mars as part of NASA 's Mars 2020 mission along with the Perseverance rover , which landed on February 18, 2021. Two months later, on April 19, Ingenuity successfully completed the first powered controlled extraterr
The Boeing CH-47 Chinook is a tandem rotor helicopter developed by American rotorcraft company Vertol and manufactured by Boeing Vertol . The Chinook is a heavy-lift helicopter that is among the heaviest lifting Western helicopters. Its name, Chinook, is from the Native American Chinook people of Or
#6 List of flights by Ingenuity helicopter on Mars
The NASA helicopter Ingenuity on Mars made the first powered controlled flights by an aircraft on a planet other than Earth. [1] [2] Its first flight was April 19, 2021, after landing February 18 attached to the underside of the Perseverance rover. [3] Ingenuity weighs 1.8 kilograms (4.0 lb) and i
The NASA helicopter Ingenuity on Mars made the first powered controlled flights by an aircraft on a planet other than Earth. [1] [2] Its first flight was April 19, 2021, after landing February 18 attached to the underside of the Perseverance rover. [3] Ingenuity weighs 1.8 kilograms (4.0 lb) and i
The Eurocopter (now Airbus Helicopters ) EC120 Colibri (" hummingbird ") is a five-seat, single-engine, light utility helicopter . Jointly designed and developed by Eurocopter , China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation ( CATIC ), Harbin Aviation Industries (Group) Ltd (HAIG) and Si
#1 Packard
Packard or Packard Motor Car Company was an American luxury automobile company located in Detroit , Michigan . The first Packard automobiles were produced in 1899, and the last Packards were built in South Bend, Indiana in 1958. Defunct luxury automobile company from Detroit, Michigan Not to be conf
Sikorsky Aircraft is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Stratford, Connecticut . It was established by aviation pioneer Igor Sikorsky in 1923 and was among the first companies to manufacture helicopters for civilian and military use. Aircraft manufacturer in the United States This article ne
#3 Israel Aerospace Industries
Israel Aerospace Industries ( Hebrew : התעשייה האווירית לישראל ha-ta'asiya ha-avirit le-yisra'el ) or IAI (תע"א) is Israel 's major aerospace and aviation manufacturer, producing aerial and astronautic systems for both military and civilian usage. It has 15,000 employees as of 2018. IAI is completel
The Spruce Production Division was a unit of the United States Army established in 1917 to produce high-quality Sitka spruce timber and other wood products needed to make aircraft for the United States ' efforts in World War I . The division was part of the Army Signal Corps 's Aviation Section . It
The Glenn L. Martin Company —also known as The Martin Company from 1957-1961—was an American aircraft and aerospace manufacturing company founded by aviation pioneer Glenn L. Martin , and operated between 1917-1961. The Martin Company produced many important aircraft for the defense of the US and al
#1 List of Syrian civil war barrel bomb attacks
A barrel bomb is a type of improvised explosive device used extensively by the Syrian Air Force during the Syrian civil war . They are typically made from a barrel that has been filled with High Explosives , along with shrapnel and/or oil . In Syria they are typically dropped from a helicopter . [1]
#2 Nike-X
Nike-X was an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system designed in the 1960s by the United States Army to protect major cities in the United States from attacks by the Soviet Union 's intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) fleet during the Cold War . The X in the name referred to its experimental basi
The Henschel Hs 293 was a World War II German radio-guided glide bomb . It is the first operational anti-shipping missile , first used unsuccessfully on 25 August 1943 and then with increasing success over the next year, ultimately damaging or sinking at least 25 ships. Allied efforts to jam the rad