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Glasgow Prestwick Airport (IATA: PIK, ICAO: EGPK) is an international airport serving the west of Scotland, situated one nautical mile (two kilometres) northeast of the town of Prestwick in South Ayrshire and 32 miles (51 kilometres) southwest of Glasgow.[1] It is the less busy of the two airports serving the western part of Scotland's Central Belt, after Glasgow Airport in Renfrewshire, within the Greater Glasgow conurbation. The airport serves the urban cluster surrounding Ayr, including: Kilmarnock, Irvine, Ardrossan, Troon, Saltcoats, Stevenston, Kilwinning, and Prestwick itself.

Glasgow Prestwick Airport Port-adhair Ghlaschu Prestwick
IATA: PIK ICAO: EGPK
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Scottish Government
Operator	Prestwick Aviation Holdings Ltd.
Serves	Glasgow & Ayrshire
Location	Prestwick, Scotland, UK
Focus city for	Ryanair
Elevation AMSL	66 ft / 20 m
Coordinates	55°30′34″N 004°35′40″W
Website	www.glasgowprestwick.com
Map
EGPK Location in South Ayrshire Show map of South Ayrshire EGPK EGPK (Scotland) Show map of Scotland EGPK EGPK (the United Kingdom) Show map of the United Kingdom
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 12/30 2,986 9,797 Concrete/Asphalt 03/21 1,905 6,250 Asphalt
Statistics (2018)
Passengers 681,715 Passenger change 17-18 2.1% Aircraft movements 24,904 Movements change 17-18 0.0%
Sources: UK AIP at NATS[1] Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority[2]

Glasgow Prestwick is Scotland's fifth-busiest airport in terms of passenger traffic, although it is the largest in terms of land area. Passenger traffic peaked at 2.4 million in 2007 following a decade of rapid growth, driven in part by the boom in low-cost carriers, particularly Ryanair, which uses the airport as an operating base. In recent years, passenger traffic has declined; around 670,000 passengers passed through the airport in 2016.[2]

History

Passenger facilities were added in 1938. These were used until further investment made Prestwick compatible with jet transportation. The October 1946 USAAF diagram shows a 6,600-foot (2,000-metre) runway 14/32, with a 4,500 ft (1,400 m) runway 8/26 crossing just west of its midpoint. In 1958, runway 13/31 was 7,000 ft (2,100 m) long; in May 1960, the runway's extension to 9,800 ft (3,000 m) opened.[3]

A parallel taxiway, link road and an all-new terminal building were opened by the Queen Mother in 1964. The extension of Runway 13/31 caused considerable disruption to road users, for the main road from Monkton into Prestwick now crossed the tarmac of the runway. This was controlled by a "level crossing" system until a new perimeter road was completed.[4]

Commercial use

In 1945, regular transatlantic commercial flights began between Prestwick and New York.[5]

Military use

In the Second World War the RAF controlled trans-Atlantic flights from Prestwick.[6]

Until February 2016 part of the Prestwick site was occupied by the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm with RNAS Prestwick, officially known by the Royal Navy as HMS Gannet, where a detachment of three Sea Kings provided a search and rescue role, covering one of the largest SAR areas of the UK including Ben Nevis, the Lakes, Northern Ireland and 200 nautical miles (370 kilometres) past the Irish coast. Additionally, Gannet SAR provided a medical evacuation service to the Scottish island communities. Personnel at the base numbered 15 officers, 11 ratings, 28 civil servants and 50 civilian staff. The crews regularly featured as part of the popular Channel 5 documentary series Highland Emergency. 2009 saw the unit break a new record as they were tasked to 447 call-outs, 20% of the UK's total military SAR call outs for 2009 and making them, for the second year in succession, the busiest Search & Rescue base in the UK.[7]

There was controversy over the airport's use in the CIA's extraordinary rendition flights, as aircraft had used the airport as a stop-over point.[8] Since November 2013, when the Scottish government took control of the facility, service contracts have been established with the USAF, USN, USMC, Defense Logistics Agency and National Guard.[9]

Elvis Presley stopover

Glasgow Prestwick Airport is the only place in the United Kingdom where Elvis Presley (who had distant Scottish ancestry) was known to have set foot, when the United States Air Force transport plane carrying him home to the United States stopped to refuel in 1960, en route from Germany.[10][11]

However, on 21 April 2008, during a BBC Radio 2 interview with Ken Bruce, theatre impresario and chairman of Everton FC, Bill Kenwright, said that Elvis actually spent a day in the UK being shown around London by Tommy Steele in 1958.[12]

1990s

1992 marked the beginning of a renaissance for the struggling airport when purchased by "Canadian entrepreneur"[13] Matthew Hudson in a "dramatic rescue".[14] Hudson initiated the construction of the airport's railway station on the existing Ayrshire Coast Line (Glasgow–Ayr), which runs past the airfield, making it the first Scottish airport with its own railway station.[15] In her book about Prestwick Airport, South Ayrshire councillor Ann Galbraith writes about this tough time in the airport's history, saying that "if it hadn't been for Matthew Hudson the airport wouldn't be here today".[14]

In 1994, Irish budget airline Ryanair opened a route to the airport from Dublin, followed by a second route in 1995 to London Stansted. In 1998, a third route to Paris-Beauvais was introduced and the airport was sold by Hudson to the Scottish transport company Stagecoach Group.[16]

2000s

In 2001, the airport was purchased by Infratil,[17] a New Zealand company and majority owner of Wellington International Airport. Infratil also owned Manston Airport until November 2013. Manston was sold to a shell company owned by Ann Gloag, a co-founder of Stagecoach, Prestwick's previous owner. In April 2005, Infratil completed a major refurbishment of the terminal building, and rebranded the airport using the phrase "pure dead brilliant", taken straight from the Glasgow patter. Some of the rebranding has been controversial, in particular the redecoration of the airport bar. The bar was rebranded in February 2006 with a logo depicting a man in a kilt, unconscious with an empty bottle of whisky.

Despite objections that it promoted the wrong image of Scotland to foreign visitors and embarrassed local travellers, the airport management insisted the logo was "fun and visually stimulating". However, it was removed a matter of weeks after installation, after the South Ayrshire Licensing Board said the logo trivialised excessive drinking.[18] The "pure dead brilliant" branding was removed from the main terminal building in January 2014.[19]

Since 2007, the airport has occasionally been used by the BBC TV programme Top Gear as the location for various stunts and experiments. The best-known stunt was a scene similar to one featured in the film Casino Royale and featured both a Ford Mondeo and a Citroën 2CV parked behind the engines of a Virgin Atlantic Boeing 747-400, in an experiment to investigate whether the thrust from the aircraft's four jet engines really could lift a car off the ground.[20]

The car park and A79 outside the terminal building have been reconstructed to comply with governmental movement and access restrictions mandated in the aftermath of the Glasgow International Airport terrorist attack. According to a 2008 Master Plan, the departure lounge is at capacity and congested during peak operations. The plan proposes "a central pier that provides adequate circulation and waiting space prior to boarding the aircraft" to cope with a continuing increase in passenger departures.[21]

2010s

On 8 March 2012, the airport owner Infratil announced that it planned to sell the airfield. The airport remained unsold until October 2013 when the Scottish Government announced it was in negotiations to take the airport back into public ownership.[22][23] Subsequently, the Scottish Government bought the airport on 22 November 2013 for £1 (equivalent to £1.22 in 2021), Infratil having incurred annual losses of £2,000,000. It is expected that the airport will continue to operate as normal and there will be no job losses. Then-Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon told BBC Scotland that work would now begin for "turning Prestwick around and making it a viable enterprise".[24]

On 1 April 2014, the public petition committee at Holyrood heard that The Robert Burns World Federation wished to rename the airport to Robert Burns International Airport.[25] In June 2014, Ryanair announced the relocation of some routes from Prestwick to Glasgow International Airport by October 2014; included among them were flights to Warsaw and Dublin.[26]

In November 2014 Donald Trump signed a partnership agreement with Prestwick making it the Scottish base for all Trump Aviation Operations, in order to service his Trump Turnberry golf resort 20 miles away.[27]

As part of the privatisation of the UK's search and rescue service, Bristow Helicopters based two Sikorsky S-92 helicopters in a new hangar at HMS Gannet. The handover took place in January 2016. In March 2016, the airport revealed new branding and a new look to the inside and outside of the airport building.[28][29]

In 2015, Glasgow Prestwick Airport was shortlisted as a potential UK Spaceport,[30] as part of the British commercial spaceport competition.

In June 2019, the Scottish government announced that it was putting the airport up for sale. Bidders would be expected to commit to maintaining and developing aviation operations and employment.[31]

2020s

In February 2021, the Scottish government announced that a preferred bidder had been selected to buy the airport. The unnamed bidder was believed to be a European transport infrastructure investor.[32]

However, the Scottish government announced in December 2021 that the bid had been rejected, and that the sale would not proceed. The airport would consequently remain in public ownership, but the government stated it was committed to "returning it to the private sector at the appropriate time and opportunity."[33]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter services to and from Prestwick:[34]

Airlines	Destinations
Ryanair[35]	Alicante, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Málaga, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Barcelona, Faro, Murcia, Palma de Mallorca

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Air France Cargo[36]	Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Chicago–O'Hare
Cargolux[37]	Atlanta, Houston, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, Seattle/Tacoma

Statistics

Passengers

	Number of Passengers[note 1]	Number of Movements[note 2]	Freight (tonnes)
1997	567,000	63,166	33,874
1998	558,000	54,166	39,600
1999	702,000	54,093	40,845
2000	905,000	44,940	41,450
2001	1,232,000	48,144	43,104
2002	1,486,000	43,190	39,500
2003	1,854,000	57,099	39,975
2004	2,159,000	55,998	34,102
2005	2,405,000	54,996	29,199
2006	2,395,000	48,189	28,537
2007	2,421,000	47,910	31,517
2008	2,415,755	42,708	22,966
2009	1,817,727	34,230	13,385
2010	1,662,744	33,087	12,163
2011	1,297,119	28,131	11,846
2012	1,067,933	25,670	10,314
2013	1,145,836	24,305	9,526
2014	913,685	25,643	12,540
2015	610,837	22,765	11,242
2016	673,232	25,714	10,822
2017	696,309	24,897	11,393
2018	681,718	24,904	13,033
2019	640,455	24,463	13,054
2020	90,790	14,085	12,049
Source: United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority[2]

Routes

Busiest routes to and from Glasgow Prestwick (2019) [38]

Rank	Airport	Total passengers	Change 2018 / 19
1	Tenerife–South	96,982	1.8%
2	Málaga	79,539	2.8%
3	Alicante	75,750	1.2%
4	Palma de Mallorca	69,816	13.2%
5	Faro	61,474	4.0%
6	Barcelona	61,216	-24.0%
7	Lanzarote	36,060	4.5%
8	Gran Canaria	21,349	-10.1%
9	Murcia Intl	20,973	100%
10	Rome–Ciampino	20,889	- 3.6%
11	Ibiza	18,813	-17.7%
12	Girona	18,711	-1.8%
13	Pisa	16,696	-1.7%
14	Rzeszów	8,697	-74.6%
15	Fuerteventura	4,069	-76.0%
16	Murcia San Javier	0	-100%

Ground transport

Rail

Prestwick airport is the only airport in Scotland with its own railway station, Prestwick International Airport railway station, built by the airport in 1994.[39] The station is connected to the terminal by an enclosed walkway over the A79 road, and platforms are accessed by stairs, escalators and lifts.[40] The station building continues to be owned and operated by the Airport, and not by Network Rail or ScotRail. The track through the station itself remains the responsibility of Network Rail.

Ayr Airshow

Prestwick Airport used to host a bi-annual airshow, the first of which was held on 30 September 1967. While very small in scale compared to such shows as RAF Fairford or Farnborough, the Scottish air show attracted up to 100,000 spectators to Prestwick in its heyday in the 1980s.[41]

The revived Scottish Airshow was first held on 6 and 7 September 2014; an air display was held at the Low green at Ayr Seafront and a static display on 7 September at the airport.[42] The event included appearances by the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, including the only two flying Avro Lancaster bombers, and the last airworthy Avro Vulcan bomber, famous for being part of the UK's Nuclear "V Force" bomber fleet. The second Scottish Airshow was held on 5 and 6 September 2015.[43]

Incidents and accidents

• On 28 August 1944, a United States Army Air Forces Douglas C54A Skymaster flying from Boston via Keflavik crashed into houses on the south side of the airport while attempting to land, all 20 crew and passengers as well as five people on the ground were killed.[44]
• 20 October 1948 a Lockheed L-049 Constellation of KLM crashed on approach to Prestwick; all 40 aboard perished.[45]
• Early on 25 December 1954, at 0330 hours, a British Overseas Airways Corporation Boeing 377 Stratocruiser crashed on landing at Prestwick, killing 28 of the 36 passengers and crew on board. The aircraft had been en route from London to New York City, when, on approach to Prestwick, it entered a steep descent before levelling out too late and too severely, hitting the ground short of the runway. The crash has been attributed to a number of factors, including: pilot fatigue (the Captain was well over his duty limit due to the aircraft being delayed); the landing lights at Prestwick being out of action due to repair; and the First Officer either not hearing a command from the Captain for landing lights (which might have helped judge the low cloud base) or mistakenly hitting the flaps, causing the aircraft to stall.
• On 15 June 2013, an EgyptAir flight from Cairo bound for New York JFK Airport was diverted to Prestwick Airport under RAF escort due to a note found on board threatening to 'set the plane on fire'. Roads surrounding the airport were closed as police dealt with the incident.[46]

See also

• Orangefield House, South Ayrshire – the former control tower
• Fail Monastery – remains of used as foundations for the airport

Notes

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency.

Further reading

• Ewart, Jim (1985). Prestwick Airport Golden Jubilee 1935–1985. Paisley: Scottish Airports.
• Berry, Peter (2005). Prestwick Airport and Scottish Aviation. Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 978-0-75243-484-1.

External links

Media related to Glasgow Prestwick Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website
• Current weather for EGPK at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for PIK at Aviation Safety Network
• The 1938 Palace of Engineering

На других языках

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[de] Flughafen Glasgow-Prestwick

Der Flughafen Glasgow-Prestwick (IATA: PIK; ICAO: EGPK; engl.: Glasgow Prestwick Airport) ist ein internationaler Verkehrsflughafen nahe Prestwick in Schottland. Er wird hauptsächlich von Billigfluggesellschaften und für Frachtflüge genutzt und ist der drittgrößte Flughafen des Landes nach dem Flughafen Edinburgh und dem 50 Kilometer entfernt gelegenen Flughafen Glasgow International.

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- [en] Glasgow Prestwick Airport

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[es] Aeropuerto de Glasgow Prestwick

El Aeropuerto de Glasgow Prestwick (en inglés, Glasgow Prestwick Airport, en gaélico escocés Port-adhair Glaschu Prestabaig), con código IATA PIK y ICAO EGPK, es un aeropuerto internacional situado al norte de la localidad de Prestwick, en South Ayrshire, y cerca de Glasgow, en Escocia. Aunque oficialmente se denomina "Aeropuerto de Glasgow Prestwick", porque está a 46 km de dicha ciudad, es comúnmente conocido como Aeropuerto de Prestwick o Prestwick Airport. En los últimos años ha experimentado un crecimiento inusitado en el número de pasajeros, debido a que algunas aerolíneas de bajo coste, y en especial Ryanair, utilizan este aeropuerto como base. En 2006, Prestwick transportó a alrededor de 2,4 millones de pasajeros.[1]

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[fr] Aéroport de Glasgow-Prestwick

L'aéroport international de Glasgow Prestwick (code IATA : PIK • code OACI : EGPK) est un aéroport situé en Écosse, à 1 milles marins (1,9 km) au nord-est de Prestwick[1].

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[it] Aeroporto di Prestwick

L'Aeroporto di Prestwick (IATA: PIK, ICAO: EGPK) o anche Aeroporto di Glasgow-Prestwick (in Lingua gaelica scozzese: Port-adhair Phreastabhaig) è un aeroporto internazionale che serve l'area urbana di Glasgow in Scozia. Esso è situato a circa 2 km a nord est dalla città di Prestwick, nell'Ayrshire Meridionale.

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[ru] Глазго Прествик

Аэропо́рт Гла́зго Пре́ствик (англ. Glasgow Prestwick Airport, гэльск. Port-adhair Glaschu Prestabaig, ИАТА: PIK, ИКАО: EGPK) — международный аэропорт, обслуживающий Глазго, находится к северу от города Престуика в Саут-Эршире, Шотландия. Несмотря на то, что официально аэропорт называется «Аэропорт Глазго Прествик», так как находится в 46 км от Глазго, обычно аэропорт называют Аэропорт Прествик. Последние десять лет наблюдается беспрецедентный рост пассажиропотока, проходящего через аэропорт, который обеспечивают главным образом низкобюджетные перевозчики, в первую очередь Ryanair, использующая аэропорт в качестве узлового.

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