The Stearman (Boeing) Model 75 is a biplane formerly used as a military trainer aircraft, of which at least 10,626 were built in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s.[2]Stearman Aircraft became a subsidiary of Boeing in 1934. Widely known as the Stearman, Boeing Stearman, or Kaydet, it served as a primary trainer for the United States Army Air Forces, the United States Navy (as the NS and N2S), and with the Royal Canadian Air Force as the Kaydet throughout World War II. After the conflict was over, thousands of surplus aircraft were sold on the civilian market. In the immediate postwar years, they became popular as crop dusters and sports planes, and for aerobatic and wing walking use in air shows.
American biplane military training aircraft in use 1934 through WWII
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2014)
A WAVE in a Boeing Stearman N2S United States Navy training aircraftUnited States Navy N2S-2 at NAS Corpus Christi, 1943United States Navy NS-1s of the NAS Pensacola Flight School, 1936Boeing Stearman E75 (PT-13D) of 1944Vintage Boeing-Stearman Model 75, Breitling SABoeing Stearman (PT-13D) of the TALOA in Dirgantara Mandala Museum, IndonesiaBoeing Stearman (PT-13) of the Israeli Air ForceUnited States Navy N2S ambulance at NAS Corpus Christi, 1942Boeing Stearman PT-17, Museum of Historical Studies Institute of Aerospace in Perú - LimaPT-17 "Kaydet" on display at the Museum of Aviation, Robins AFBBoeing Stearman PT-17 Kaydet - Aeronautics Museum of Maracay
The Kaydet was a conventional biplane of rugged construction, with a large, fixed tailwheel undercarriage, and accommodation for the student and instructor in open cockpits in tandem. The radial engine was usually not cowled, although some Stearman operators choose to cowl the engine, most notably the Red Baron Stearman Squadron.
Operational history
Post-war usage
After World War II, thousands of surplus PT-17s were auctioned off to civilians and former military pilots. Many were modified for cropdusting use, with a hopper for pesticide or fertilizer fitted in place of the front cockpit. Additional equipment included pumps, spray bars, and nozzles mounted below the lower wings. A popular approved modification to increase the maximum takeoff weight and climb performance involved fitting a larger Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior engine and a constant-speed propeller.
Variants
Data from:United States Navy aircraft since 1911,[3] Boeing aircraft since 1916[4] 8,584 Model 70s, 75s and 76s were built, with additional "spares" bringing the number up to the sometimes quoted 10,346.[1]
USAAC/USAAF designations
The U.S. Army Air Forces Model 75 Kaydet had three different designations, PT-13, PT-17 and PT-18, depending on which type of radial engine was installed.
PT-13
Initial production version with Lycoming R-680-B4B engine, 26 built in 1936
PT-13A Model A75 with R-680-7 engine, 92 delivered from 1937 to 1938.
PT-13B R-680-11 engine, 255 delivered from 1939 to 1941.
PT-13C Six PT-13Bs modified for instrument flying.
PT-13D Model E75 with R-680-17 engine, 793 delivered
Royal Canadian Air Force received 301 PT-27s under Lend Lease.[14]
Republic of China
Republic of China Air Force received 150 PT-17s under Lend-Lease,[15] and 104 refurbished aircraft post war in Taiwan. The ROCAF used them until 1958.[16]
61105 – N2S-5 with Bruce Bond of Sarnia, Ontario[34][35]
75-3498 – PT-17 airworthy owned by Great River Aviation Ltd. of Whitehorse, Yukon o/a Klondike Airways.[36][37]
Colombia
FAC-62 – PT-17 airworthy[citation needed]
FAC-1995 – PT-17 airworthy[citation needed]
Iceland
T5-1556 – PT-17 is airworthy with Erling Pétur Erlingsson in Hafnarfjörður, Capital Region. It is the oldest airplane in Iceland. It was brought to the country in 1941 by the aircraft carrier USSWasp and damaged in an accident in 1943.[38][39][40]
PT-17 on display at the Fundación Infante de Orleans in Cuatro Vientos, Madrid.[58]
Switzerland
75-5436 – PT-13D is airworthy, registered as HB-RBG, and based at the Fliegermuseum Altenrhein.[59] Built in 1943 and restored to airworthiness in 1989 after sustaining considerable damage during an emergency landing in the grounds of the Stadler Rail factory in Altenrhein due to engine failure.[60]
Taiwan
PT-17 is on static display at the Aviation Education Exhibition Hall in Gangshan District, Kaohsiung City.[61]
41-7960 – PT-17 is airworthy at Mississippi State University in Starkville, Mississippi. It is used as a research aircraft and glider tow-plane.[65][66]
42-17724 – PT-13D is on static display at the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, DC. It was used in 1944 to train members of the Tuskegee Airmen.[80][81][82]
42-17800 – PT-13D is on static display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. This aircraft is the 63rd to last aircraft built and was donated to the museum in 1959 by the Boeing Aircraft Company, which purchased the Stearman Company in 1934.[84][85][86]
92468 – N2S-3 is on static display at the Pacific Aviation Museum Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was flown by George H. W. Bush during his initial training as a naval pilot.[105][106]
N2S-3 is on display at the Western Antique Aeroplane and Automobile Museum in Hood River, Oregon.[107]
Specifications (PT-17)
3-view line drawing of the Boeing N2S-3
Data from United States Military Aircraft since 1909[108]
Time to altitude: 10,000ft (3,000m) in 17 minutes 18 seconds
Wing loading: 9.9lb/sqft (48kg/m2)
In popular culture
Main article: Aircraft in fiction §Boeing-Stearman Model 75
An iconic movie image is a Stearman cropduster chasing Cary Grant across a field in North by Northwest (the airplane that chased Grant was actually a Naval Aircraft Factory N3N Canary; the plane that hits the truck is a Stearman).[citation needed]
A heavily modified PT-17 variant was used as the Tornado in the Sonic The Hedgehog 2 Film.
See also
Aviation portal
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Bowers, Peter M.; Swanborough, Gordon (1990). United States Navy aircraft since 1911. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press. pp.494–495. ISBN0870217925.
Bowers, Peter M. (1989). Boeing aircraft since 1916 (3rded.). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp.251–269. ISBN978-0870210372.
Bowers 1989, pp. 252–253.
Bowers 1989, pp. 251–252.
Bowers 1989, p. 253.
Bowers 1989, p. 254.
Taylor 1965, p. 178.
Bowers 1989, p. 268.
Núñez Padín, Jorge (2000). "BOEING STEARMAN N2S KAYDET". Fuerzas Navales (in Spanish). Jorge N. Padín. Archived from the original on 2014-05-17. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
"Stearman N2S-3". Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
Swanborough and Bowers 1963, p. 443.
.
Bibliography
Andrade, John. U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909, Midland Counties Publications, 1979, ISBN0 904597 22 9
Avis, Jim and Bowman, Martin. Stearman: A Pictorial History. Motorbooks, 1997. ISBN0-7603-0479-3.
Bowers, Peter M.Boeing Aircraft since 1916. London:Putnam, 1989. ISBN0-85177-804-6.
Nordeen, Lon. Fighters Over Israel. London: Guild Publishing, 1991.
Phillips, Edward H. Stearman Aircraft: A Detailed History . Specialty Press, 2006. ISBN1-58007-087-6.
Sapienza, Antonio Luis (May 2001). "L'aviation militare paraguayenne durant la seconde guerre mondiale" [Paraguayan Military Aviation During the Second World War]. Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (98): 30–33. ISSN1243-8650.
Swanborough, F.G. and Peter M. Bowers. United States Military Aircraft since 1909. London: Putnam, 1963.
Taylor, John W. R.Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1965–66. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1965.
United States Air Force Museum. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation. 1975.
Videography
Stearman, Lloyd. Stearmans, You Gotta Love Them. Lap Records, 2005. (NTSC Format)
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