avia.wikisort.org - Weapon

The Bisnovat (later Molniya) R-4 (NATO reporting name AA-5 'Ash') was an early Soviet long-range air-to-air missile. It was used primarily as the sole weapon of the Tupolev Tu-128 interceptor, matching its RP-S Smerch ('Tornado') radar.

R-4 AA-5 Ash
R-4 missile under wing of Tupolev Tu-128
Type	Heavy air-to-air missile
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1963-1990
Used by	Soviet Air Forces
Production history
Manufacturer	Bisnovat
Specifications (R-4R)
Mass	492.5 kg (1,086 lb)
Length	5.44 m (17 ft 10 in)
Diameter	310 mm (12 in)
Warhead	High explosive
Warhead weight	53 kg (117 lb)
Engine	Solid-fuel rocket
Operational range	2 to 25 kilometres (1.2 to 15.5 mi)
Maximum speed	Mach 1.6
Guidance system	Semi-active radar homing (R-4R) Infrared homing (R-4T)
Launch platform	Tu-128

History

Development of the R-4 began in 1959, initially designated as K-80 or R-80, entering operational service around 1963, together with Tu-128. Like many Soviet weapons, it was made in both semi-active radar homing (R-4R) and infrared-homing (R-4T) versions. Standard Soviet doctrine was to fire the weapons in SARH/IR pairs to increase the odds of a hit.^{[citation needed]} Target altitude was from 8 to 21 km. Importantly for the slow-climbing Tu-128, the missile could be fired even from 8 km below the target.

In 1973 the weapon was modernized to R-4MR (SARH) / MT (IR) standard, with lower minimal target altitude (0.5–1 km),[1] improved seeker performance, and compatibility with the upgraded RP-SM Smerch-M radar.

The R-4 survived in limited service until 1990, retiring along with the last Tu-128 aircraft.

Operators

 Soviet Union

• Soviet Air Defence Forces

Specifications (R-4T / R-4R)

• Length: (R-4T) 5.2 m (17 ft 1 in); (R-4R) 5.45 m (17 ft 10 in)
• Wingspan: 1300 mm (4 ft 3 in)
• Diameter: 310 mm (12.2 in)
• Launch weight: (R-4T) 480 kg (1,058 lb); (R-4R) 492.5 kg (1,086 lb)
• Speed: Mach 1.6
• Range: (R-4T) 2–15 km (9.35 mi); (R-4R) 2–25 km
• Guidance: (R-4T) infrared homing; (R-4R) semi-active radar homing
• Warhead: 53 kg ( 116.6 lb) high explosive

References

• Gordon, Yefim (2004). Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two. Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-188-1.

External links

• К-80, Р-4 - description in Russian, with pictures.

На других языках

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[de] Bisnowat R-4

Bisnowat R-4 (russisch Бисноват Р-4) ist die Bezeichnung für die sowjetische Luft-Luft-Rakete mit der NATO-Bezeichnung AA-5 „Ash“. Andere sowjetische Bezeichnungen sind K-80 oder R-80, der Name des Experimental-Konstruktionsbüros Bisnowat wurde später in „Molnija“ (russisch молния, „Blitz“) geändert.

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- [en] R-4 (missile)

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[it] R-4

Lo R-4 o K-4, noto come AA-5 Ash (designazione NATO) in occidente, è un missile aria-aria (in inglese: AAM - Air to Air Missile) di fabbricazione sovietica.

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[ru] Р-4

Р-4 (К-80, «изделие 36», по классификации МО США и НАТО — AA-5 Ash, рус. зола, пепел) — советская ракета класса «воздух—воздух» средней дальности.

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