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The Rolls-Royce Eagle Mk XXII [1] is a British 24-cylinder, sleeve valve, H-block aero engine of 46 litre (2,807 cubic inches) displacement. It was designed and built in the early-1940s by Rolls-Royce Limited and first ran in 1944. It was liquid-cooled, of flat H configuration with two crankshafts and was capable of 3,200 horsepower (2,387 kW) at 18 psi boost.

Eagle
Rolls-Royce Eagle 22 at the Fleet Air Arm Museum.
Type	Liquid-cooled H-24 piston engine
Manufacturer	Rolls-Royce Limited
First run	March 1944
Major applications	Westland Wyvern
Number built	15 (Eagle 22)

Design and development

The Rolls-Royce design team realised that producing a scaled-up version of their Griffon V-12 engine would lead to excessively large combustion chambers and problems with detonation.[2] The team concluded that a larger number of small cylinders would be the answer and considered an X-24 design. This layout had previously caused unreliability with the Rolls-Royce Vulture due to the need to fasten four connecting rods in a complicated arrangement to a common big end bearing.[2]

The designers finally settled on an 'H' layout with two crankshafts and 'blade and fork' connecting rod attachments, the crankshafts being connected through the propeller speed reduction unit. The new engine followed the layout of the Napier Sabre and similarly used sleeve valves but with a simplified drive system.[2]

A two-speed, two-stage supercharger and intercooler were used to compress then cool the air-fuel mixture, following Griffon and Merlin practice. Starting was by Coffman starter. An auxiliary shaft driven by the lower crankshaft operated the main coolant pump, intercooler coolant pump, pressure and scavenge oil pumps and a fuel injection pump. Piston ring failures and cylinder head sealing problems were experienced during early flight testing.[2]

Applications

The Eagle was never fitted to a production front-line fighter, as it was overshadowed by a new wave of turbojet engines, such as the Rolls-Royce Derwent and turboprops such as the Dart and Armstrong Siddeley Python. Fifteen Eagle 22s were produced to power prototypes of the Westland Wyvern fighter/torpedo bomber because of delay in the development of the Python.[2]

Variants

46H Eagle I

(1944) - Compression ratio 6.5:1.

46H Eagle II

(1944) - Modified Eagle I.

46H Eagle (20 srs) 22

(1946-1949) - Increased compression ratio (7:1), 3,500 hp at 3,500 rpm and 28 lb boost.[3] Fifteen engines produced at the Derby Rolls-Royce factory. First flown in a Westland Wyvern on 16 December 1946.

Engines on display

• An Eagle 22 with some of the cowling panels removed to display the engine can be seen fitted to Westland Wyvern TF1, VR137, at the Fleet Air Arm Museum, RNAS Yeovilton. This pre-production aircraft never flew.[4]

Specifications (Eagle 22)

Data from Lumsden.[5]

General characteristics

• Type: 24-cylinder liquid-cooled H-type aircraft piston engine
• Bore: 5.4 in (137 mm)
• Stroke: 5.125 in (130 mm)
• Displacement: 2,807 in³ (46 L)
• Length: 135.5 in (3442 mm)
• Width: 43.4 in (1,102 mm)
• Height: 50.0 in (1,270 mm)
• Dry weight: 3,900 lb (1,769 kg)

Components

• Valvetrain: Sleeve valves
• Supercharger: Two-speed, two-stage supercharger, maximum boost +18 lb
• Fuel type: 115/150 octane petrol
• Cooling system: Liquid-cooled, 70% water, 30% ethylene glycol
• Reduction gear: Geared spur, 0.2985:1 reduction ratio. contra-rotating right-hand/left-hand tractor

Performance

• Power output: 3,200 hp (2,387 kW) at 18 lb (124.1 kPa) of boost at 3,500 rpm
• Specific power: 1.13 hp/in³ (51.7 kW/L)
• Compression ratio: 7:1
• Power-to-weight ratio: 0.82 hp/lb

See also

• Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines

Related development

• Rolls-Royce Crecy

Comparable engines

• Napier Sabre
• Pratt & Whitney X-1800
• Pratt & Whitney XH-3130

Related lists

• List of aircraft engines

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

• A working Rolls-Royce Eagle 22 model engine
• Additional pictures of the same model engine
• Photo of a Rolls-Royce Eagle 22
• The Eagle-engined Wyvern TF.Mk.1 VR137
• "Rolls-Royce Eagle" a 1947 Flight article

На других языках

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- [en] Rolls-Royce Eagle (1944)

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[es] Rolls-Royce Eagle (1944)

El Rolls Royce Eagle fue un motor aeronáutico en disposición H de 24 cilindros con válvulas de camisa y 46.000 cc de desplazamiento. Fue diseñado y construido a fines de los 40 por Rolls Royce Limited y se puso en marcha por primera vez en 1944. Era enfriado por líquido, en configuración H con dos cigüeñales, entregando 3.200 hp (2.387 kW) con 1,26 bares de presión de admisión.

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[it] Rolls-Royce Eagle 22

Il Rolls-Royce Eagle[2] era un motore aeronautico prodotto dalla britannica Rolls-Royce Limited negli anni quaranta. La configurazione dei 24 cilindri era ad H e il propulsore era dotato di un doppio albero motore. Il raffreddamento era a liquido e la sua potenza poteva raggiungere i 3 500 hp (2 610 kW).

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[ru] Rolls-Royce Eagle (1944)

Роллс-Ройс Игл (англ. Rolls-Royce Eagle — британский 24-цилиндровый авиационный двигатель с гильзовым газораспределением. Разработанный в начале 1940-х гг, Eagle представлял собой Н-образный двигатель жидкостного охлаждения объёмом 46 литров (2805 кубических дюймов) с двумя коленчатыми валами, развивавший 3200 л.с. (2387 кВт) при давлении наддува 1,26 кг/см2.

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