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Flag carrier Garuda Indonesia had its inaugural flight on 26 January 1946, from Calcutta to Rangoon, using a Douglas DC-3 with the tail number RI 001, named Seluwah. It operated as Indonesian Airways. President Sukarno changed the name to Garuda Indonesia Airways in November 1946, later Garuda Indonesia.[4]

A Garuda Indonesia Boeing 777-300ER, wearing the livery showing affiliation with the SkyTeam alliance, which gifted the airline codeshare agreements to expand its route map.[1] This fleet is used exclusively for middle and long-haul routes,[2] as well as high-demand short routes.[3]
A Garuda Indonesia Boeing 777-300ER, wearing the livery showing affiliation with the SkyTeam alliance, which gifted the airline codeshare agreements to expand its route map.[1] This fleet is used exclusively for middle and long-haul routes,[2] as well as high-demand short routes.[3]

The golden age of the airline started in 1956, when it operated Hajj flights using its eight Convair CV-240s. In 1963, it operated flights to Tokyo via Hong Kong using three Lockheed L-188 Electra. In 1965, Garuda expanded its destinations, with flights to Cambodia, China, Paris, Athens, and Prague. It also opened routes to Amsterdam from Jakarta, with stopovers in Bangkok, Mumbai, Karachi, Cairo, Rome, and Frankfurt. Australian routes were also introduced. Upon former CEO Reyn Altin Johannes Lumenta's request, Garuda dilated its route map, with services to Los Angeles via Honolulu in 1990, operated using the McDonnell Douglas MD-11.[5][6]

The airline's fall began with two crashes in 1996 and 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis caused Garuda to abruptly terminate its intercontinental services, though Amsterdam, Frankfurt, and London services were continued until 28 October 2004. The September 11 attacks, 2002 Bali bombings, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, and SARS outbreak further contributed to the fall of the airline. It climaxed in 2007, when the crash of Flight 200 prompted the European Union (EU) to ban Indonesian airlines in its airspace.[6][7]

After the EU lifted its ban in July 2009,[5] Garuda began an aggressive five-year expansion plan known as the Quantum Leap, involving an image overhaul.[8] Using the Boeing 777-300ER Garuda reopened flights to London via Amsterdam.[9] However, after years of success thanks to the Leap, Ari Askhara taking over the CEO position made the airline inconsistent in destinations;[10] his leadership has drawn criticism.[11]


List


Country or territory City Airport Notes Refs
AustraliaAdelaideAdelaide AirportTerminated[12]
BrisbaneBrisbane AirportTerminated[13]
CairnsCairns AirportTerminated[12]
Christmas IslandChristmas Island AirportCharter[14]
DarwinDarwin International AirportTerminated[15]
MelbourneMelbourne AirportResumes 16 November 2022[16][17]
PerthPerth AirportTerminated
Port HedlandPort Hedland International AirportTerminated[18]
SydneySydney Airport[19]
AustriaViennaVienna International AirportTerminated[20]
BahrainManamaBahrain International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
BruneiBandar Seri BegawanBrunei International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
BelgiumBrusselsBrussels AirportTerminated[citation needed]
CambodiaPhnom PenhPhnom Penh International AirportTerminated[6]
ChinaBeijingBeijing Capital International Airport[19]
ChengduChengdu Shuangliu International AirportTerminated[21]
GuangzhouGuangzhou Baiyun International Airport[19]
Hong KongHong Kong International Airport[19]
Kai Tak International AirportAirport closed[12]
KunmingKunming Changshui International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
ShanghaiShanghai Pudong International Airport[19]
ShenyangShenyang Taoxian International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Xi'anXi'an Xianyang International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
ZhengzhouZhengzhou Xinzheng International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Czech RepublicPragueVáclav Havel Airport PragueTerminated[citation needed]
EgyptCairoCairo International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
FranceParisCharles de Gaulle AirportTerminated[18]
Le Bourget AirportTerminated[22]
Germany Berlin Berlin Schönefeld Airport Terminated [23]
FrankfurtFrankfurt AirportTerminated[12]
MunichMunich AirportTerminated[23]
GreeceAthensEllinikon International AirportAirport closed[22]
GuamGuamAntonio B. Won Pat International AirportTerminated[18]
IndiaChennaiChennai International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
DelhiIndira Gandhi International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MumbaiChhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International AirportTerminated[24]
IndonesiaAmbonPattimura International Airport[19]
BalikpapanSultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman AirportHub[19]
Banda AcehSultan Iskandar Muda International Airport[19]
Bandar LampungRadin Inten II Airport[19]
BandungHusein Sastranegara International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
BanjarmasinSyamsudin Noor Airport[19]
BanyuwangiBanyuwangi Airport[19]
BatamHang Nadim International Airport[19]
BaubauBetoambari AirportTerminated[citation needed]
BengkuluFatmawati Soekarno Airport[19]
BiakFrans Kaisiepo Airport[19]
BimaSultan Muhammad Salahudin AirportTerminated[citation needed]
DenpasarNgurah Rai International AirportHub[19]
EndeH. Hasan Aroeboesman AirportTerminated[citation needed]
GorontaloJalaluddin Airport[19]
JakartaHalim Perdanakusuma International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Kemayoran AirportAirport closed[citation needed]
Soekarno–Hatta International AirportHub[19]
JambiSultan Thaha Airport[19]
JayapuraSentani International Airport[19]
JemberNotohadinegoro AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Kaimana RegencyUtarom AirportTerminated[citation needed]
KendariHaluoleo Airport[19]
KetapangRahadi Osman AirportTerminated[citation needed]
KolakaSangia Nibandera AirportTerminated[citation needed]
KupangEl Tari International Airport[19]
Labuan BajoKomodo Airport[19]
LanggurKarel Sadsuitubun AirportTerminated[citation needed]
LhokseumaweMalikus Saleh AirportTerminated[citation needed]
LuwukSyukuran Aminuddin Amir AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MakassarSultan Hasanuddin International AirportHub[19]
ManadoSam Ratulangi International Airport[19]
MalangAbdul Rachman Saleh Airport[19]
MamujuTampa Padang AirportTerminated[citation needed]
ManokwariRendani AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MataramZainuddin Abdul Madjid International Airport[19]
Selaparang AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MaumereFrans Xavier Seda AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MedanKualanamu International AirportHub[19]
Polonia International AirportAirport closed[citation needed]
MeraukeMopah International Airport[19]
Nabire RegencyNabire AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Natuna RegencyRanai AirportTerminated[citation needed]
NiasBinaka AirportTerminated[citation needed]
PadangMinangkabau International Airport[19]
Tabing AirportAirport closed[citation needed]
PalangkarayaTjilik Riwut Airport[19]
PalembangSultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport[19]
PalopoBua AirportTerminated[citation needed]
PaluMutiara Airport[19]
Pangkal PinangDepati Amir Airport[19]
Pangkalan BunIskandar AirportTerminated[citation needed]
PekanbaruSultan Syarif Kasim II International Airport[19]
PontianakSupadio International Airport[19]
PutussibauPangsuma AirportTerminated[citation needed]
RahaSugimanuru AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SabangMaimun Saleh AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SaumlakiMathilda Batlayeri AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SelayarH. Aroeppala AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SemarangAhmad Yani International Airport[19]
SibolgaFerdinand Lumban Tobing AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Siborong-BorongSisingamangaraja XII AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SintangSusilo AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Tebelian Airport[citation needed]
SorongDomine Eduard Osok Airport[19]
Sumbawa BesarSultan Muhammad Kaharuddin III AirportTerminated[citation needed]
SurabayaJuanda International AirportHub[19]
SurakartaAdisumarmo International Airport[19]
TambolakaTambolaka AirportTerminated[citation needed]
Tanjung PandanH.A.S. Hanandjoeddin International Airport[19]
Tanjung PinangRaja Haji Fisabilillah Airport[19]
Tanjung RedebKalimarau AirportTerminated[citation needed]
TarakanJuwata International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
TernateSultan Babullah Airport[19]
TimikaMozes Kilangin Airport[19]
Wangi-wangi IslandMatahora AirportTerminated[citation needed]
YogyakartaAdisucipto International AirportTerminated[25]
Yogyakarta International Airport[19]
ItalyRomeLeonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino AirportTerminated[18]
JapanFukuokaFukuoka AirportTerminated[12]
NagoyaChubu Centrair International AirportTerminated[26]
OsakaKansai International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
TokyoHaneda Airport[19]
Narita International Airport[19]
JordanAmmanQueen Alia International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
KuwaitKuwait CityKuwait International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
LebanonBeirutBeirut–Rafic Hariri International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
MalaysiaKota KinabaluKota Kinabalu International AirportTerminated[18]
Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur International Airport[19]
PenangPenang International AirportTerminated[18]
NetherlandsAmsterdamAmsterdam Airport Schiphol[19]
New ZealandAucklandAuckland AirportTerminated[12]
PakistanKarachiJinnah International AirportTerminated[22]
PhilippinesDavaoFrancisco Bangoy International AirportTerminated[27]
ManilaNinoy Aquino International AirportTerminated[18]
Saudi ArabiaDammamKing Fahd International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
DhahranDhahran International AirportAirport closed[12]
JeddahKing Abdulaziz International Airport[19]
MedinaPrince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International Airport[citation needed]
RiyadhKing Khalid International AirportTerminated[12]
SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Changi Airport[19]
South AfricaJohannesburgO. R. Tambo International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
South KoreaSeoulIncheon International Airport[19]
Sri LankaColomboBandaranaike International AirportTerminated[22]
SpainMadridAdolfo Suarez Madrid–Barajas AirportTerminated[23]
SwitzerlandZürichZürich AirportTerminated[12]
TaiwanKaohsiungKaohsiung International AirportTerminated
TaipeiTaoyuan International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
ThailandBangkokSuvarnabhumi Airport[19]
Timor LesteDiliPresidente Nicolau Lobato International AirportTerminated[citation needed]
United Arab EmiratesAbu DhabiAbu Dhabi International AirportTerminated[28]
DubaiDubai International AirportTerminated[29]
United KingdomLondonGatwick AirportTerminated[12]
Heathrow AirportTerminated[30]
United StatesHonoluluDaniel K. Inouye International AirportTerminated[12]
Los AngelesLos Angeles International AirportTerminated[31]
VietnamHo Chi Minh CityTan Son Nhat International AirportTerminated[32]

References


  1. Natahadibrata, Nadya (6 March 2014). "Garuda joins SkyTeam, targets more passengers". The Jakarta Post. Denpasar: Niskala Media Tenggara. Archived from the original on 11 July 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  2. "Garuda Indonesia Plans Boeing 777-300ER Service Launch from July 2013". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. 21 January 2013. Archived from the original on 9 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  3. "Garuda Indonesia Plans Boeing 777-300ER Denpasar / Singapore Service in August 2013". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. 9 February 2021. Archived from the original on 9 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  4. "About Garuda Indonesia". Garuda Indonesia. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  5. Hermawan (23 December 2017). "Rekam Jejak Garuda Indonesia" [The History of Garuda Indonesia]. Tagar.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  6. "Garuda Indonesian Airways". Flight International. Sutton: DVV Media Group. 29 April 1979. p. 1377. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2021 – via FlightGlobal.
  7. Kaminski-Morrow, David (22 July 2015). "Garuda 787 agreement likely to replace 777 deal - 9/16/2005". FlightGlobal. DVV Media Group. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  8. Kukuh, Thomas, ed. (20 January 2017). "Mengenal Emirsyah Satar dan Quantum Leap yang Bikin Garuda Luar Biasa" [Emirsyah Satar and Quantum Leap, the Lifesaver of Garuda Indonesia]. JawaPos (in Indonesian). Jawa Pos Grup Multimedia. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  9. Pujobroto (8 September 2014). "Garuda Indonesia Extends Presence in Europe with the New Service to London" (Press release). London: Garuda Indonesia. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  10. Tan, Vincent (2 January 2020). "Confirmed: Garuda Indonesia Tutup Rute London Akhir Maret 2020". PinterPoin (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 6 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  11. Rasputri, Helinsa (12 January 2019). Indarini, Nurvita (ed.). "Pro dan Kontra soal Live Music di Dalam Pesawat Garuda Indonesia" [Pro and Contra: Live Music in Garuda Indonesia Flights]. Kumparan Travel (in Indonesian). Dynamo Media Network. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  12. Liu, Jim (9 March 2009). "1995/96: Garuda Indonesia International Network". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021.
  13. Jamie, Freed (12 January 2015). "Garuda jettisons Brisbane-Bali service". Brisbane Times. Nine Entertainment Co. Archived from the original on 28 June 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
  14. Okta, Maria (15 April 2019). "Garuda Indonesia Hadirkan CRJ-1000 untuk Penerbangan Charter Langsung Jakarta – Pulau Christmas" [Garuda Indonesia Operates Jakarta – Christmas Island Charter Direct Flight Using CRJ-1000]. Kabar Penumpang (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
  15. Marutho Bere, Sigiranus (18 August 2017). Asdhiana, Made (ed.). "Garuda Indonesia Masih Mengkaji Penerbangan Kupang-Dili-Darwin" [Garuda Indonesia Still Evaluating Kupang-Dili-Darwin Route]. Kompas (in Indonesian). Kupang: Kompas Gramedia Group. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  16. Bhwana, Petir Garda, ed. (22 June 2021). "Garuda Indonesia No Longer Offer Direct Flights to Perth, Melbourne". Tempo English Version. Translated from Indonesian by Nugraha, Ricky Mohammad. Jakarta. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
  17. "Garuda Indonesia NW22 Australia service adjustment - 06OCT22". AeroRoutes. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  18. Liu, Jim (17 February 2011). "1985/86: Garuda Indonesia International Network". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021.
  19. "Garuda Indonesia Destinations". Garuda Indonesia. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  20. Rusadi Putra, Idris (5 May 2014). "Menhub dorong Garuda terbang ke Austria" [Minister of Transportation Suggests Garuda Expand to Austria]. Merdeka.com (in Indonesian). KapanLagi Youniverse. Archived from the original on 24 May 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  21. "Garuda Layani Rute Chengdu Bali Mulai 15 January 2017" [Garuda Serves Chengdu-Bali Route Starting 15 January 2017]. JPNN.com (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Jawa Pos Group. 30 October 2016. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  22. Liu, Jim (29 December 2009). "1972: Garuda Indonesia International Network". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  23. Airlineroute [@Airlineroute] (28 July 2019). "Garuda Indonesia European schedule from Oct 1994 from ABC World Airways Guide. This included Medan – Amsterdam and Medan – Munich service" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 February 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2021 – via Twitter.
  24. Liu, Jim (1 April 2019). "Garuda Indonesia ends Mumbai service in March 2019". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  25. "Garuda Indonesia, Citilink to move all Yogyakarta flights to new international airport". The Jakarta Post. Niskala Media Tenggara. 10 March 2020. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  26. Liu, Jim (28 January 2020). "Garuda Indonesia closes Nagoya reservations from late-March 2020". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  27. "Davao-Manado". Garuda Indonesia. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  28. "Garuda 1982 time table". Airline Timetable Images. 4 February 2016. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  29. Liu, Jim (24 December 2008). "1973/74: Garuda Indonesia International routes". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021.
  30. Liu, Jim (4 February 2020). "Garuda Indonesia discontinues London service in early-Feb 2020". Routesonline. Aviation Week Network. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  31. "Airline Suspends LAX-Bali Flights". Los Angeles Times. El Segundo. 29 March 1998. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  32. Yeo, Ghim-Lay (30 November 2009). "Garuda Suspends Singapore Ho Chi Minh City Route". FlightGlobal. Air Transport Intelligence News. DVV Media Group. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2019.


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