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The 1976 Anapa mid-air collision was the collision of Aeroflot Flight 7957 (an Antonov An-24RV) and Aeroflot Flight S-31 (a Yakovlev Yak-40) on 9 September 1976, off the coast of Anapa in the Soviet Union. All 70 people on the two aircraft were killed in the crash. The primary cause of the accident was determined to be error by the air traffic controller; investigators never recovered the fuselage of the Yak-40.[1]

1976 Anapa mid-air collision
Memorial to the victims of the accident
Accident
Date9 September 1976 (1976-09-09)
SummaryMid-air collision caused by ATC error
SiteBlack Sea, 37 km (23 mi; 20 nmi) south of Anapa, Krasnodar
44°33′7″N 37°18′18″E
Total fatalities70 (all)
Total survivors0
First aircraft

An Aeroflot Antonov An-24RV, similar to the one involved
TypeAntonov An-24RV
OperatorAeroflot
RegistrationCCCP-46518
Flight originGomel Airport, Belorussian SSR
StopoverDonetsk Airport, Ukrainian SSR
DestinationSochi Airport, Russian SFSR
Passengers47
Crew5
Fatalities52 (all)
Survivors0
Second aircraft

An Aeroflot Yakolev Yak-40, similar to the one involved
TypeYakovlev Yak-40
OperatorAeroflot
RegistrationCCCP-87772
Flight originRostov-on-Don Airport, Russian SFSR
DestinationKerch Airport, Ukrainian SSR
Passengers14
Crew4
Fatalities18 (all)
Survivors0

Aircraft involved



Antonov An-24RV


Aeroflot Flight 7957 was an Antonov An-24 registered as CCCP-46518 with 47 passengers and 5 crew members aboard. The aircraft was constructed in Kiev and first flew in 1973. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had sustained a total of 6,107 flight hours and 4,626 pressurization cycles.[1][2]


Crew

Of the five crew members aboard, the cockpit crew consisted of:[3]


Yakolev Yak-40


Aeroflot Flight S-31 was a Yakovlev Yak-40 registered as CCCP-87772 with 14 passengers and 4 crew members aboard. The aircraft was constructed in 1970 at the Saratov Aviation Plant and transferred to Aeroflot shortly thereafter. At the time of the accident the aircraft had sustained 6,842 flight hours and 7,174 pressurization cycles.[1][4]


Crew

The cockpit crew of the Yak-40 consisted of:[3]


Crash details


The Yakolev Yak-40 departed from Rostov-on-Don Airport at 12:47 Moscow time and proceeded on the route to Kerch. The air traffic controller in charge of the Western section of Krasnodar had been working for more than six hours by 13:30:44, the time the Yak-40 entered his sector of airspace while at an altitude of 5,700 metres (18,700 ft). After receiving confirmation from the controller the Yak-40 continued the flight path and reported passing the Novodmitrievskaya non-directional beacon at 13:34 and remained at an altitude of 5,700 metres. After passing that point the flight was supposed to decrease altitude in accordance with the flight plan, but the controller was busy managing other flights so he let the flight continue on to the Gelenjik-Kerch part of the route at the 5,700-meter altitude. At 13:43 the Yak-40 reported passing Gelendzhik and stated its altitude to be 5,700 metres, to which the controller responded by granting it permission to proceed with the Anapa transverse but yet again forgot to instruct the aircraft to change altitude.[1]

The Antonov An-24 departed from Donetsk Airport at 12:56 for the flight to Sochi. At 13:32 the crew reported entering the Western section of Krasnodar on the Primorsko-Akhtarsk traverse at an altitude of 5,700 metres – the same altitude as the Yak-40 in the same section of airspace. The controller responded by permitting the An-24 to proceed to Anapa and keep the current altitude, then gave permission for the aircraft to continue on to Dzhubga without changing altitude.[1]

At 13:51:05 Moscow time, the An-24 and Yak-40 collided in the air at an altitude of 5,700 meters, severing the tail sections of both aircraft. Both aircraft broke apart in mid-air and the wreckage fell into the Black Sea. All 70 people in the two aircraft were killed in the accident. The wreckage of the An-24 and the tail section of the Yak-40 were found in the Black Sea at a depth of 500–600 metres (1,600–2,000 ft). Most of the dead from the An-24 were recovered from the water but no bodies from the Yak-40 were found nor was the fuselage of the Yak-40 recovered.[1][5]


Causes


The cause of the accident was determined mostly from radio and ground communications. The primary cause of the accident was described as a violation of the rules for maintaining separation between aircraft by the air traffic controller. Secondary causes of the accident were failure of both crews to remain sufficiently alert and a lack of appropriate situational analysis leading up to the accident.[1]


References


  1. "Столкновение над Черным морем Як-40 и Ан-24РВ". www.airdisaster.ru. Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  2. "Антонов Ан-24РВ Бортовой №: СССР-46518". russianplanes.net. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-12-23. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  3. "The clash over the Black Sea Yak-40 and An-24RV. 1976". en.avia.pro. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  4. "Яковлев Як-40 Бортовой №: СССР-87772". russianplanes.net. Archived from the original on 2017-12-23. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  5. "Фрагмент крыла самолёта Ан-24б №46518". aqua-globus.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-07-02. Retrieved 2017-12-23.

На других языках


[de] Flugzeugkollision von Anapa

Bei der Flugzeugkollision von Anapa kollidierten am 9. September 1976 eine Jakowlew Jak-40 und eine Antonow An-24, beides Flugzeuge der Aeroflot, und stürzten ins Schwarze Meer. Ursache des Zusammenstoßes war ein Fehler des Fluglotsen.[1][2]
- [en] 1976 Anapa mid-air collision

[it] Collisione aerea di Anapa

La collisione in volo di Anapa del 1976 fu la collisione del volo Aeroflot 7957 (un Antonov An-24RV) e del volo Aeroflot C-31 (uno Yakovlev Yak-40) il 9 settembre 1976, al largo della costa di Anapa in Unione Sovietica. Tutte le 70 persone a bordo dei due velivoli persero la vita nell'incidente. La causa principale dell'incidente è stata identificata in un errore del controllore del traffico aereo; data la notevole profondità delle acque in cui cadde gli investigatori non poterono mai recuperare la fusoliera dello Yak-40.[3]

[ru] Столкновение над Анапой

Столкновение над Анапой — крупная авиационная катастрофа, произошедшая в четверг 9 сентября 1976 года близ Черноморского побережья Кавказа к югу от Анапы, когда в небе над Чёрным морем столкнулись два авиалайнера авиакомпании «Аэрофлот» — Ан-24РВ (рейс SU-7957 Гомель—Донецк—Сочи) и Як-40 (рейс С-31 Ростов-на-Дону—Керчь). В катастрофе погибли 70 человек.



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