1976 Anapa mid-air collision - Event

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The 1976 Anapa mid-air collision was the collision of Aeroflot Flight 7957 (an Antonov An-24RV) and Aeroflot Flight S-31 (a Yakovlev Yak-40) on 9 September 1976, off the coast of Anapa in the Soviet Union. All 70 people on the two aircraft were killed in the crash. The primary cause of the accident was determined to be error by the air traffic controller; investigators never recovered the fuselage of the Yak-40.[1]

1976 Anapa mid-air collision
Accident
Memorial to the victims of the accident
Date	9 September 1976 (1976-09-09)
Summary	Mid-air collision caused by ATC error
Site	Black Sea, 37 km (23 mi; 20 nmi) south of Anapa, Krasnodar 44°33′7″N 37°18′18″E
Total fatalities	70 (all)
Total survivors	0
First aircraft
An Aeroflot Antonov An-24RV, similar to the one involved
Type	Antonov An-24RV
Operator	Aeroflot
Registration	CCCP-46518
Flight origin	Gomel Airport, Belorussian SSR
Stopover	Donetsk Airport, Ukrainian SSR
Destination	Sochi Airport, Russian SFSR
Passengers	47
Crew	5
Fatalities	52 (all)
Survivors	0
Second aircraft
An Aeroflot Yakolev Yak-40, similar to the one involved
Type	Yakovlev Yak-40
Operator	Aeroflot
Registration	CCCP-87772
Flight origin	Rostov-on-Don Airport, Russian SFSR
Destination	Kerch Airport, Ukrainian SSR
Passengers	14
Crew	4
Fatalities	18 (all)
Survivors	0

Aircraft involved

Antonov An-24RV

Aeroflot Flight 7957 was an Antonov An-24 registered as CCCP-46518 with 47 passengers and 5 crew members aboard. The aircraft was constructed in Kiev and first flew in 1973. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had sustained a total of 6,107 flight hours and 4,626 pressurization cycles.[1][2]

Crew

Of the five crew members aboard, the cockpit crew consisted of:[3]

Captain Mikhail Gutanov (Михаил Михайлович Гутанов)
Co-pilot Anatoly Buryi (Анатолий Антонович Бурый)
Flight engineer Vladimir Pimenov (Владимир Александрович Пименов)
Navigator Sergey Artemyev (Сергей Леонидович Артемьев)

Yakolev Yak-40

Aeroflot Flight S-31 was a Yakovlev Yak-40 registered as CCCP-87772 with 14 passengers and 4 crew members aboard. The aircraft was constructed in 1970 at the Saratov Aviation Plant and transferred to Aeroflot shortly thereafter. At the time of the accident the aircraft had sustained 6,842 flight hours and 7,174 pressurization cycles.[1][4]

Crew

The cockpit crew of the Yak-40 consisted of:[3]

Captain Anatoly Ledenev (Анатолий Семенович Леденев)
Co-pilot Vladimir Gapon (Владимир Яковлевич Гапон)
Flight engineer Kevork Sandulyan (Кеворк Каспарович Сандулян)

Crash details

The Yakolev Yak-40 departed from Rostov-on-Don Airport at 12:47 Moscow time and proceeded on the route to Kerch. The air traffic controller in charge of the Western section of Krasnodar had been working for more than six hours by 13:30:44, the time the Yak-40 entered his sector of airspace while at an altitude of 5,700 metres (18,700 ft). After receiving confirmation from the controller the Yak-40 continued the flight path and reported passing the Novodmitrievskaya non-directional beacon at 13:34 and remained at an altitude of 5,700 metres. After passing that point the flight was supposed to decrease altitude in accordance with the flight plan, but the controller was busy managing other flights so he let the flight continue on to the Gelenjik-Kerch part of the route at the 5,700-meter altitude. At 13:43 the Yak-40 reported passing Gelendzhik and stated its altitude to be 5,700 metres, to which the controller responded by granting it permission to proceed with the Anapa transverse but yet again forgot to instruct the aircraft to change altitude.[1]

The Antonov An-24 departed from Donetsk Airport at 12:56 for the flight to Sochi. At 13:32 the crew reported entering the Western section of Krasnodar on the Primorsko-Akhtarsk traverse at an altitude of 5,700 metres – the same altitude as the Yak-40 in the same section of airspace. The controller responded by permitting the An-24 to proceed to Anapa and keep the current altitude, then gave permission for the aircraft to continue on to Dzhubga without changing altitude.[1]

At 13:51:05 Moscow time, the An-24 and Yak-40 collided in the air at an altitude of 5,700 meters, severing the tail sections of both aircraft. Both aircraft broke apart in mid-air and the wreckage fell into the Black Sea. All 70 people in the two aircraft were killed in the accident. The wreckage of the An-24 and the tail section of the Yak-40 were found in the Black Sea at a depth of 500–600 metres (1,600–2,000 ft). Most of the dead from the An-24 were recovered from the water but no bodies from the Yak-40 were found nor was the fuselage of the Yak-40 recovered.[1][5]

Causes

The cause of the accident was determined mostly from radio and ground communications. The primary cause of the accident was described as a violation of the rules for maintaining separation between aircraft by the air traffic controller. Secondary causes of the accident were failure of both crews to remain sufficiently alert and a lack of appropriate situational analysis leading up to the accident.[1]

References

"Столкновение над Черным морем Як-40 и Ан-24РВ". www.airdisaster.ru. Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
"Антонов Ан-24РВ Бортовой №: СССР-46518". russianplanes.net. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-12-23. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
"The clash over the Black Sea Yak-40 and An-24RV. 1976". en.avia.pro. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
"Яковлев Як-40 Бортовой №: СССР-87772". russianplanes.net. Archived from the original on 2017-12-23. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
"Фрагмент крыла самолёта Ан-24б №46518". aqua-globus.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-07-02. Retrieved 2017-12-23.

Aeroflot

Part of the SkyTeam alliance

Subsidiaries

Active	Aurora Pobeda Rossiya
Inactive	Dobrolet Donavia Orenair SAT Airlines Vladivostok Air
Exited	Nordavia (now Smartavia)

Fleet

Accidents and
incidents

1950s	Flight 04 Тu-104 Kanash crash Flight 120 Flight 315
1960s	Flight 315 Flight 207 Flight 036 Flight 068 Flight 245 Flight 902 Flight 415 Flight 03 Flight 213 Flight 191 Flight 25 Flight 012 Flight 366 Flight 663 Flight 721 Flight 101/X-20 Flight 542 Flight 513 Flight 99 Flight 065 Flight 2723 Flight 5003 Flight 2230 Flight L-51 Flight 1668 Flight 15 Flight 831 Flight N-826
1970s	Flight U-45 Flight 1661 Flight 3630 CCCP-11000 crash CCCP-12996 crash Flight 1969 Flight 1912 Flight 773 Flight 2174 Flight 1491 Flight 558 Flight 1036 Flight 217 Flight 6263 Flight 141 Flight 630 Flight 6551 Flight 109 Flight A-13 Flight 3932 Flight 964 Flight 19 Flight 2022 CCCP-75559 crash Flight 662 Flight 2003 Flight 3739 Flight 909 Flight 1802 Flight 418 Flights 7957 and 31 Flight 2415 Flight N-36 Flight 3843 Flight 5003 Flight 331 Flight B-2 Flight 6709 Flight 1080 Flight 1691 Flights 7628 and 7880 Flight 5484
1980s	Flight 4225 Flight 498 Flight 811 Flight 3603 Flight 8641 Flight 411 Flight 343 Flight 5463 Flight 601 Flight 3352 Flight 3519 Flight 7841 1985 Zolochiv mid-air collision Flight 7425 Flight 101/435 Flight 2306 Flight 6502 Flight 892 Flight U-505 Flight N-528 Flight 699 Flight 3739
since 1990s	Flight 2808 Flight 593 Flight 821 Flight 1492

Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976

Jan 1 Middle East Airlines Flight 438
Jan 3 Aeroflot Flight 2003
Jan 15 Taxi Aereo el Venado Douglas DC-4 accident
Feb 9 Aeroflot Flight 3739
Mar 6 Aeroflot Flight 909
Apr 27 American Airlines Flight 625
May 9 Imperial Iranian Air Force Flight 48
May 15 Aeroflot Flight 1802
Jun 1 Aeroflot Flight 418
Jun 4 Air Manila Flight 702
Jun 6 Double Six Crash
Jun 27 Air France Flight 139
Jul 28 ČSA Flight 001
Aug 15 SAETA Flight 232
Aug 23 EgyptAir Flight 321
Sep 9 Anapa mid-air collision
Sep 10 Zagreb mid-air collision
Sep 10 TWA Flight 355
Sep 19 Turkish Airlines Flight 452
Oct 6 Cubana de Aviación Flight 455
Oct 12 Indian Airlines Flight 171
Oct 13 LAB Boeing 707 crash
Nov 23 Olympic Airways Flight 830
Nov 28 Aeroflot Flight 2415
Dec 17 Aeroflot Flight N-36
Dec 25 EgyptAir Flight 864

1975 ◀ ▶ 1977

Aviation accidents and incidents in the Soviet Union and Russia

Soviet
Union

1930s	Osoaviakhim-1 SSSR-V6 Osoaviakhim
1940s	1948 Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-12 crash
1950s	1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash Aeroflot Flight 04 1958 Aeroflot Tu-104 Kanash crash Aeroflot Flight 315 (1959) Aeroflot Flight 120
1960s	Aeroflot Flight 315 (1960) Aeroflot Flight 207 Aeroflot Flight 036 Austrian Airlines Flight 901 Aeroflot Flight 068 Aeroflot Flight 245 Aeroflot Flight 902 Aeroflot Flight 415 Aeroflot Flight 213 (1962) Aeroflot Flight 191 Aeroflot Flight 03 Aeroflot Flight 25 Aeroflot Flight 012 Aeroflot Flight 366 Aeroflot Flight 663 Aeroflot Flight 721 Aeroflot Flight 101/X-20 Aeroflot Flight 542 Aeroflot Flight 513 Aeroflot Flight 99 Aeroflot Flight 065 Aeroflot Flight 2723 Aeroflot Flight 5003 (1967) Aeroflot Flight 2230 Aeroflot Flight L-51 Aeroflot Flight 15 1969 Yukhnov mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight N-826
1970s	Aeroflot Flight U-45 Aeroflot Flight 1661 Aeroflot Flight 3630 1971 January 22 Surgut Aeroflot Antonov An-12 crash 1971 January 31 Surgut Aeroflot Antonov An-12 crash Aeroflot Flight 1969 Aeroflot Flight 1912 Malév Flight 110 Aeroflot Flight 773 Aeroflot Flight 2174 Aeroflot Flight 1491 Aeroflot Flight 558 Aeroflot Flight 1036 Aeroflot Flight 217 Japan Air Lines Flight 446 Aeroflot Flight 6263 Aeroflot Flight 141 Aeroflot Flight 630 Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Flight 307 Aeroflot Flight 6551 Aeroflot Flight 109 Aeroflot Flight A-13 Aeroflot Flight 3932 Aeroflot Flight 964 Aeroflot Flight 19 Aeroflot Flight 2022 1974 Leningrad Aeroflot Il-18 crash 1974 Surgut mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight 2003 Aeroflot Flight 3739 (1976) Aeroflot Flight 909 Aeroflot Flight 1802 Aeroflot Flight 418 1976 Anapa mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight 2415 Aeroflot Flight N-36 Aeroflot Flight 3843 Aeroflot Flight 5003 (1977) Aeroflot Flight 331 1977 Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-134 hijacking Aeroflot Flight B-2 Aeroflot Flight 6709 1978 Yegoryevsk Tu-144 crash Korean Air Lines Flight 902 Aeroflot Flight 1080 Aeroflot Flight 1691 1979 Dniprodzerzhynsk mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight 5484
1980s	Aeroflot Flight 4225 1981 Pushkin Tu-104 crash Aeroflot Flight 498 1981 Armenia mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight 811 Aeroflot Flight 3603 Aeroflot Flight 8641 Aeroflot Flight 411 Aeroflot Flight 343 Aeroflot Flight 5463 Korean Air Lines Flight 007 Aeroflot Flight 601 Aeroflot Flight 3352 Aeroflot Flight 3519 Aeroflot Flight 7841 1985 Zolochiv mid-air collision Aeroflot Flight 7425 Aeroflot Flight 101/435 Aeroflot Flight 2306 Aeroflot Flight 6502 Aeroflot Flight 892 Aeroflot Flight U-505 Aeroflot Flight N-528 Aeroflot Flight 699 Aeroflot Flight 3739 (1988)

Russia

1990s	Aeroflot Flight 2808 (1992) Sakha Avia Flight 301 (1993) Baikal Airlines Flight 130 (1994) Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9045 (1994) Aeroflot Flight 593 (1994) Khabarovsk United Air Group Flight 3949 (1995) Stavropolskaya Aktsionernaya Avia Flight 1023 (1997) Irkutsk Antonov An-124 crash (1997)
2000s	Omsk An-70 crash (2001) Vladivostok Air Flight 352 (2001) Grozny Mi-8 crash (2001) Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 (2001) Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Flight 9064 (2001) Shelkovskaya Mi-8 crash (2002) Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560 (2002) Khankala Mi-26 crash (2002) Russian aircraft bombings (2004) Armavia Flight 967 (2006) S7 Airlines Flight 778 (2006) UTair Flight 471 (2007) Shatoy Mi-8 crash (2007) Moskovia Airlines Flight 9675 (2008) Aeroflot Flight 821 (2008) Makhachkala Il-76 collision (2009) Yakutia Ilyushin Il-76 crash (2009)
2010s	Aviastar-TU Flight 1906 (2010) Smolensk air disaster (2010) Katekavia Flight 9357 (2010) Alrosa Flight 514 (2010) Dagestan Airlines Flight 372 (2010) Kolavia Flight 348 (2011) Garbuzovo Antonov An-148 crash (2011) RusAir Flight 9605 (2011) Angara Airlines Flight 9007 (2011) Avis-Amur Flight 9209 (2011) 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash (2011) UTair Flight 120 (2012) Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 (2012) Red Wings Airlines Flight 9268 (2012) Polar Airlines Flight 9949 (2013) Tatarstan Airlines Flight 363 (2013) Unijet Flight 074P (2014) Flydubai Flight 981 (2016) Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations Il-76 crash (2016) Skol Airlines Flight 9375 (2016) Russian Defence Ministry Tupolev Tu-154 crash (2016) Khabarovsk Airlines Flight 463 (2017) Saratov Airlines Flight 703 (2018) UTair Flight 579 (2018) Aeroflot Flight 1492 (2019) Angara Airlines Flight 200 (2019) Ural Airlines Flight 178 (2019)
2020s	Volga-Dnepr Airlines Flight 4066 (2020) Kemerovo parachute Let L-410UVP-E crash (2021) Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 (2021) Siberian Light Aviation Flight 42 (2021) Siberian Light Aviation Flight 51 (2021) Menzelinsk parachute Let L-410UVP-E crash (2021) Grodno Aviakompania Flight 1252 (2021)

This includes accidents and incidents in the Soviet Union, and Russia only. It does not include accidents in other post-Soviet states after the breakup of the Soviet Union.

На других языках

[de] Flugzeugkollision von Anapa

Bei der Flugzeugkollision von Anapa kollidierten am 9. September 1976 eine Jakowlew Jak-40 und eine Antonow An-24, beides Flugzeuge der Aeroflot, und stürzten ins Schwarze Meer. Ursache des Zusammenstoßes war ein Fehler des Fluglotsen.[1][2]

- [en] 1976 Anapa mid-air collision

[it] Collisione aerea di Anapa

La collisione in volo di Anapa del 1976 fu la collisione del volo Aeroflot 7957 (un Antonov An-24RV) e del volo Aeroflot C-31 (uno Yakovlev Yak-40) il 9 settembre 1976, al largo della costa di Anapa in Unione Sovietica. Tutte le 70 persone a bordo dei due velivoli persero la vita nell'incidente. La causa principale dell'incidente è stata identificata in un errore del controllore del traffico aereo; data la notevole profondità delle acque in cui cadde gli investigatori non poterono mai recuperare la fusoliera dello Yak-40.[3]

[ru] Столкновение над Анапой

Столкновение над Анапой — крупная авиационная катастрофа, произошедшая в четверг 9 сентября 1976 года близ Черноморского побережья Кавказа к югу от Анапы, когда в небе над Чёрным морем столкнулись два авиалайнера авиакомпании «Аэрофлот» — Ан-24РВ (рейс SU-7957 Гомель—Донецк—Сочи) и Як-40 (рейс С-31 Ростов-на-Дону—Керчь). В катастрофе погибли 70 человек.

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