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The Heinkel He 59 was a twin-engined German biplane designed in 1930, resulting from a requirement for a torpedo bomber and reconnaissance aircraft able to operate on wheeled landing gear or twin-floats.

He 59
The prototype He 59B-3 search-and-rescue aircraft in flight.
Role Trainer, transport, air ambulance, torpedo bomber
Manufacturer Heinkel
First flight September 1931
Introduction 1935
Retired 1944
Primary users Luftwaffe
Finnish Air Force
Number built 142

Development


crew of the 6. Seenotstaffel is walking from the Zeeburgereiland over the jetty to their Heinkel He 59. Probably in the second half of 1940 or 1941.
crew of the 6. Seenotstaffel is walking from the Zeeburgereiland over the jetty to their Heinkel He 59. Probably in the second half of 1940 or 1941.

In 1930, Ernst Heinkel began developing an aircraft for the Reichsmarine. To conceal the true military intentions, the aircraft was officially a civil aircraft. The He 59B landplane prototype was the first to fly, an event that took place in September 1931,[1] but it was the He 59A floatplane prototype that paved the way for the He 59B initial production model, of which 142 were delivered in three variants. The Heinkel He 59 was a pleasant aircraft to fly; deficiencies noted were the weak engine, the limited range, the small load capability and insufficient armament.


Design


The aircraft was of a mixed-material construction. The wings were made of a two-beam wooden frame, where the front was covered with plywood and the rest of the wing was covered with fabric. The box-shaped fuselage had a fabric-covered steel frame. The tail section was covered with lightweight metal sheets.

The keels of the floats were used as fuel tanks - each one holding 900 L (240 US gal; 200 imp gal) of fuel. Together with the internal fuel tank, the aircraft could hold a total of 2,700 L (710 US gal; 590 imp gal) of fuel. Two fuel tanks could also be placed in the bomb bay, bringing the total fuel capacity up to 3,200 L (850 US gal; 700 imp gal). The propeller was fixed-pitch with four blades.


Operations


During the first months of World War II, the He 59 was used as a torpedo- and minelaying aircraft. Between 1940 and 1941 the aircraft was used as a reconnaissance aircraft, and in 1941-42 as a transport, air-sea rescue, and training aircraft. Some had been operated by the Condor Legion in Spain during the Spanish Civil War in 1936 as coastal reconnaissance and torpedo floatplanes.

The British claimed that because the air-sea rescue aircraft were being used for reconnaissance, they were legitimate targets despite carrying Red Cross markings. Even before then some had been forced down by British aircraft.[2]

The Ilmavoimat (Finnish Air Force) rented four aircraft from Germany in August 1943. These were used to ferry long-range reconnaissance patrols behind enemy lines. They were returned to Germany four months later.


Operators


 Finland
 Germany
 Spain

Variants



Specifications (He 59B-2)


Data from Warplanes of the Third Reich[3]

General characteristics

Performance

1,000 m (3,281 ft) in 4 minutes 42 seconds
2,000 m (6,562 ft) in 11 minutes 12 seconds

Armament


See also


Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists


References




Notes


  1. In the designation 6 indicates a compression ratio 6:1, z - Zenith carburetor, u - propeller reduction gear
  1. Green 1962, p.68
  2. Nesbitt, The Battle of Britain
  3. Green 1972, p. 277.

Bibliography





На других языках

[de] Heinkel He 59

Die Heinkel He 59 war das erste zweimotorige Doppeldecker-Kampfflugzeug mit Schwimmern aus deutscher Produktion, das nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg gebaut wurde.
- [en] Heinkel He 59

[fr] Heinkel He 59

Le Heinkel He 59 est un biplan allemand conçu par l'entreprise Heinkel en 1930, résultat d'une demande d'un bombardier-torpilleur et d'un avion de reconnaissance capable d'opérer avec la même facilité sur train d'atterrissage à roues ou sur flotteurs jumelés.

[it] Heinkel He 59

L'Heinkel He 59 era un idrovolante biplano bimotore multiruolo sviluppato dall'azienda tedesca Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke AG negli anni trenta, usato dalla Luftwaffe principalmente nei ruoli di idrosilurante e come idroricognitore durante le prime fasi della seconda guerra mondiale.

[ru] Heinkel He 59

Хейнкель 59 (нем. Heinkel He 59) — немецкий гидросамолёт, разведчик, бомбардировщик и торпедоносец. Спроектирован на фирме «Эрнст Хейнкель флюгцойгверке». Опытный образец самолёта на колесном шасси Не 59b совершил первый полёт в сентябре 1931 года, поплавковый Не 59a — в январе 1932 года. Серийное производство самолёта велось с февраля 1932 года на заводах «Хейнкель» (Росток) и «Арадо» (Варнемюнде). Производство Не 59 прекратили в сентябре 1938 года. Всего выпущено 142 экз. Представлял собой двухмоторный биплан смешанной конструкции, установленный на два поплавка.


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