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The Junkers W 34 was a German-built, single-engine, passenger and transport aircraft. Developed in the 1920s, it was taken into service in 1926. The passenger version could take a pilot and five passengers. The aircraft was developed from the Junkers W 33. Further development led to the Junkers Ju 46.

W 34
Canadian Airways CF-ARI
Role Transport
Manufacturer Junkers
Designer Herman Pohlman[1]
Introduction 1926
Developed from Junkers W 33
Developed into Junkers Ju 46

Production and service


One Junkers W 34 be/b3e managed to break the then-current altitude record on 26 May 1929 when it reached 12,739 meters (41,795 feet). That aircraft carried the markings D-1119 and it was equipped with a Bristol Jupiter VII engine. The airplane was flown by Willi Neuenhofen.

Swedish Junkers W 34 SE-BYA was flown by the Swedish Air Force 1933–1953 as the Trp 2A and Tp 2A ambulance aircraft. Stockholm Arlanda March 1968.
Swedish Junkers W 34 SE-BYA was flown by the Swedish Air Force 1933–1953 as the Trp 2A and Tp 2A ambulance aircraft. Stockholm Arlanda March 1968.

The Junkers W 34 was manufactured in many different versions. The total production numbers for the civil market were around 1,000, a further 2,024 his and haus were built under license for the RLM and Luftwaffe. The unit price was between RM 65,000 and 70,400.

On 31 January 1944 the Luftwaffe still had 618 W 34hi's and 516 W 34haus in service: the majority were used by flight schools; mainly as navigator and radio operator training (3 or 4 navigator or radio-operator trainees).

The Junkers K.43, nicknamed the "Bush Bomber", was used extensively during the Chaco War (1932–1935) fought between Bolivia and Paraguay. See external links.

The Colombian Air Force used the W 34 and K-43 in the Colombia-Peru War in 1932–3.[2]

The Swedish Air Force operated three W 33/34 between 1933 and 1953 in the transport and air ambulance roles, initially with the military designation Trp 2 and Trp 2A, eventually changed to Tp 2 and Tp 2A. One of these is preserved today in civilian colors as SE-BYA.

In 1930 Finnish Air Force bought a single W 34 (JU-122) for maritime operations and six K 43s (JU-123 – JU-128) for use as light bombers, during Continuation war the planes were used as transports, evacuating wounded and supplying Long-Range Recon Patrols behind the enemy lines. Additional five W 34s were bought in 1944 for radio navigation training (JU-131 – 135), after the war Finnish Border Guard operated the remaining planes until 1950.

Finnish K 43s in Kiestinki, May 1942
Finnish K 43s in Kiestinki, May 1942

Production


W 34 hi
Junkers (105 aircraft built), Henschel (430), ATG (94), Dornier Wismar (58), HFB (69) and Weser (221).
W 34 hau
Henschel (329), Arado Brandenburg (205), ATG (105), Dornier Wismar (93), HFB (192) and MIAG Braunschweig (73).

Variants


W 34 a
331 kW Gnome et Rhône 9A Jupiter engine, speed: 190 km/h, wingspan: 17.75 m and length 11.10 m
W 34 be
375 kW Gnome et Rhône 9A Jupiter engine, speed: 230 km/h, wingspan: 17.75 m, length: 10.70 m
W 34 be/b3e
441 kW Bristol Jupiter VII engine and was used for attempts to try breaking the world altitude record
W 34 ci
405 kW Pratt & Whitney Hornet engine, speed: 245 km/h, equipped with cabin windows
W 34 di
like the W 34 ci, the engine was license produced by BMW.
W 34 f
331 kW Gnome et Rhône 9A Jupiter engine, speed 190 km/h, wingspan 18.48 m, length 11.10 m, enclosed cockpit, ailerons were lengthened; the export version had a cargo door
W 34 f
experimental aircraft with floats
W 34 fa
passenger aircraft for export
W 34 fä
export aircraft
W 34 fo
export aircraft with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340 engine
W 34 fy
Armstrong Siddeley Panther engine
W 34 fao
397 kW Siemens-Halske Sh 20 engine, only one was produced for tests with autopilot
W 34 fei
441 kW Siemens-Halske Sh 20U engine, only one was produced as a maritime test aircraft
W 34 fg
Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar Major engine
W 34 fue
Pratt & Whitney Hornet engine, later rebuilt as a maritime aircraft.
W 34 fi
Pratt & Whitney or BMW built 405 kW Hornet; wingspan: 18.48 m, length 10.27 m, speed 260 km/h. The aircraft had an enclosed cockpit and low-pressure tires.
W 34 gi
405 kW BMW Hornet, only one machine was produced in 1933 for tests
W 34 hi
485 kW BMW 132A/E, the aircraft could take six passengers and was equipped with improved radio- and direction finders. This version was mostly used by Luftwaffe to train pilots and radio operators.
W 34 hau
similar to hi, but it had a 526 kW Bramo 322 H engine. The type was mostly used by Luftwaffe to train its pilots and radio operators.
K 43
Military W34, available in many of the above-mentioned versions.

Operators


Junkers W 34 f/fi in Canada Aviation and Space Museum
Junkers W 34 f/fi in Canada Aviation and Space Museum
 Argentina
 Australia
 Bolivia
 Brazil
 Bulgaria
 Canada
 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 Independent State of Croatia
 Czechoslovakia
 Finland
 Germany
 Norway
 Papua New Guinea
 Portugal
 Romania
 Slovakia
Spanish State
 Sweden
 South Africa
 Venezuela

Accidents and incidents



Specifications (W 34he landplane)


Data from Die Deutsche Luftrüstung 1933–1945 Vol.3 – Flugzeugtypen Henschel-Messerschmitt,[7] Junkers aircraft and engines, 1913-1945,[8] German aircraft of the Second World War,[9] German Combat Aircraft[10]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament


References


  1. Zoeller, Horst. "Junkers – Who is Who?". Archived from the original on October 27, 2009. Retrieved 2016-06-22.
  2. von Rauch, Georg (December 1984). "A South American Air War...The Leticia Conflict". Air Enthusiast (26): 1–8. ISSN 0143-5450.
  3. "Historia y Arqueologia Marítima : AVIONES DE ENTRENAMIENTO DE LA AVIACION NAVAL " JUNKERS W-34 "". histarmar (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  4. Grant, Robert S. (March 2004). "Metal Marvels: Junkers W33s and W34s in the Canadian Bush". Air Enthusiast. Stamford Lincs, UK (110): 70–75. ISSN 0143-5450.
  5. Dan Antoniu (2014). Illustrated History of Romanian Aeronautics. p. 230. ISBN 978-973-0-17209-6.
  6. Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve história da aviação comercial brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa Empresa Gráfica e Editora. p. 131.
  7. Nowarra, Heinz J. (1993). Die Deutsche Luftrüstung 1933–1945 Vol.3 – Flugzeugtypen Henschel-Messerschmitt (in German). Koblenz: Bernard & Graefe Verlag. pp. 53, 262–263. ISBN 978-3-7637-5467-0.
  8. Kay, Anthony L. (2004). Junkers aircraft and engines, 1913-1945 (1st ed.). London: Putnam Aeronautical Books. pp. 190–197. ISBN 0851779859.
  9. Smith, J.R.; Kay, Anthony L. (1990). German aircraft of the Second World War (7th impression ed.). London: Putnam. pp. 185–186. ISBN 0851778364.
  10. Wagner, Ray; Nowarra, Heinz J. (1971). German Combat Aircraft. New York: Doubleday.

Further reading





На других языках

[de] Junkers W 34

Die Junkers W 34 war ein einmotoriger Tiefdecker der Junkers Flugzeugwerk AG und eine stärker motorisierte Ausführung der Junkers W 33. Von vornherein war die Maschine als variantenreiches Mehrzweckflugzeug für Passagier- und Frachtfliegerei sowie den Schulbetrieb ausgelegt.
- [en] Junkers W 34

[fr] Junkers W 34

Le Junkers W 34 est un avion civil monomoteur de fabrication allemande, destiné au transport de passagers et de fret.

[it] Junkers W 34

Lo Junkers W 34, in seguito indicato come Junkers Ju 34, fu un aereo di linea e da trasporto monomotore ad ala bassa e fusoliera interamente metallica, sviluppato dall'azienda aeronautica tedesca Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke AG all'inizio degli anni venti ed entrato in servizio nel 1926.

[ru] Junkers W 34

Юнкерс W 34 (нем. Junkers W 34) — немецкий транспортный самолёт. W 34 создавался под руководством Германа Польмана. С 1927 года начался серийный выпуск W 34. Самолёт строился в Швеции и СССР[1].


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